Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Cardiol. May 26, 2023; 15(5): 262-272
Published online May 26, 2023. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v15.i5.262
Pharmacoepidemiologic study of association between apparent treatment resistant hypertension, cardiovascular disease and interaction effect by sex and age
Julianne Theresa Nelson, Longjian Liu
Julianne Theresa Nelson, Longjian Liu, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
Author contributions: Nelson JT and Liu L contributed to the design and analysis of the study; Nelson JT prepared the written manuscript; Liu L critically reviewed and edited the manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study, using de-identified data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, has been approved by Drexel University Institutional Review Board, No. 1608004781 (Principal Investigator: Longjian Liu).
Informed consent statement: This ALLHAT data is de-identified and publicly available for investigators to obtain through an IRB application process. Signed Informed Consent Forms are unavailable for the investigators conducting a secondary data analysis project.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: The manuscript was prepared using ALLHAT Research Materials obtained from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI).We are not allowed to share this dataset. For those who are interested in using this dataset, they need to apply for it from the NHLBI directly.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Longjian Liu, MD, MSc, PhD, Doctor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market ST, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States. ll85@drexel.edu
Received: December 18, 2022
Peer-review started: December 18, 2022
First decision: March 1, 2023
Revised: March 31, 2023
Accepted: April 18, 2023
Article in press: April 18, 2023
Published online: May 26, 2023
Processing time: 152 Days and 6.5 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: Apparent treatment resistant hypertension (aTRH) increased the risk of a cardiovascular event by 30%. This association varied by sex and age, with a stronger impact in women and in younger adults. These findings highlight the importance of controlling aTRH among those with excess risk of cardiovascular disease.