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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Cardiol. Dec 26, 2021; 13(12): 695-709
Published online Dec 26, 2021. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v13.i12.695
Current role and future perspectives of cardiac rehabilitation in coronary heart disease
Eduardo M Vilela, Ricardo Ladeiras-Lopes, Ana Joao, Joana Braga, Susana Torres, Sofia Viamonte, José Ribeiro, Madalena Teixeira, José P Nunes, Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho
Eduardo M Vilela, Ricardo Ladeiras-Lopes, Ana Joao, Joana Braga, Susana Torres, José Ribeiro, Madalena Teixeira, Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho, Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia 4434-502, Portugal
Ricardo Ladeiras-Lopes, Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Unit (UnIC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
Sofia Viamonte, Centro de Reabilitação do Norte, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia 4405-565, Portugal
José P Nunes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
Author contributions: All authors were involved in the study conceptualization and design; Vilela EM, Teixeira M, and Nunes JP drafted the first version; Ladeiras-Lopes R, João A, Braga J, Torres S, Viamonte S, Ribeiro J, and Fontes-Carvalho R contributed to the revision and edition of the paper; All authors have read and approved the final document.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare that there are no conflicts on interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Eduardo M Vilela, MD, Doctor, Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Rua Conceição Fernandes, Vila Nova de Gaia 4434-502, Portugal. eduardomvilela@gmail.com
Received: June 27, 2021
Peer-review started: June 27, 2021
First decision: July 30, 2021
Revised: August 8, 2021
Accepted: November 30, 2021
Article in press: November 30, 2021
Published online: December 26, 2021
Processing time: 178 Days and 6.7 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programmes have evolved over the years, as to provide comprehensive frameworks encompassing several domains of secondary prevention and forming an integral part of the contemporary management of individuals with IHD. Whilst this, the optimal application of these programmes, in diverse subsets of patients, remains an evolving and challenging field. In this review, we present a pragmatic overview on the current data concerning CR in IHD, while also discussing some of the caveats and future perspectives in this topic.