Observational Study
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World J Cardiol. Jun 26, 2022; 14(6): 363-371
Published online Jun 26, 2022. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v14.i6.363
Association of obesity anthropometric indices with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypertriglyceridemia in apparently healthy adult Nigerian population
Anil Sirisena, Basil Okeahialam
Anil Sirisena, Department of Radiology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos 930001, Nigeria
Basil Okeahialam, Department of Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos 930001, Nigeria
Author contributions: Sirisena A generated data, analyzed data and contributed to write up; Okeahialam B conceptualized and supervised project, wrote up the paper.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Research and Ethics Committee of Jos University Teaching Hospital, No. JUTH/DCS/ADM/127/XIXI/6257.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: Technical appendix, statistical code and data set are available from the first author at shalom2k3@yahoo.com. Patients did not give consent for data sharing but the presented data are anonymized and risk of identification is nil.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Basil Okeahialam, FACP, MBBS, Professor, Department of Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos (Lamingo), Jos 930001, Nigeria. basokeam@yahoo.com
Received: December 9, 2021
Peer-review started: December 9, 2021
First decision: January 25, 2022
Revised: March 18, 2022
Accepted: June 3, 2022
Article in press: June 3, 2022
Published online: June 26, 2022
Processing time: 193 Days and 2.6 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Hypertension, hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia are chronic conditions associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Certain anthropometric indices are known to predict them.

AIM

To investigate the association of anthropometric indices with these chronic diseases and which anthropometric index predicts them best.

METHODS

In this study, 221 apparently healthy individuals who never received treatments for cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes or other chronic diseases participated. The age of the participants ranged from 20-75 years with mean age of 36.9 ± 11.4 years. The risk factors of these diseases namely systolic blood pressures (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and triglycerides (TG) were determined for all the participants using standard clinical procedures. The obesity anthropometric indices, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index as well as abdominal height (AH) and body surface index were determined. The association between each of them with the risk factors were determined by the Pearson correlation method.

RESULTS

From the results, it was found that AH showed superiority over the rest for SBP (r = 0.301, P < 0.01), DBP (r = 0.370, P < 0.01), FBG (r = 0.297, P < 0.01) and TG (r = 0.380, P < 0.01). Using the receiver operating characteristic curves, cut-off values of AH for SBP, DBP, FBG and TG were determined to be 24.75 cm, 24.75 cm, 25.25 cm and 24.75 cm respectively.

CONCLUSION

The indices of anthropometry used in this study correlated significantly with the studied CVD risk factors, with AH emerging as the most predictive.

Keywords: Hypertension; Hyperglycemia; Hypertriglyceridemia; Abdominal height; Anthropometric indices

Core Tip: In this work, we used common anthropometric indices and some novel ones to correlate with cardiometabolic diseases in an attempt to identify the best anthropometric index that accurately predicts risk of cardiometabolic diseases in apparently normal individuals.