Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2018. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Cardiol. Apr 26, 2018; 10(4): 26-34
Published online Apr 26, 2018. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v10.i4.26
Preventive fraction of physical fitness on risk factors in cardiac patients: Retrospective epidemiological study
Maxime Caru, Laurence Kern, Marc Bousquet, Daniel Curnier
Maxime Caru, Laurence Kern, Department of Science and Technology of Physical Activities and Sports, University Paris Nanterre, Nanterre 92000, France
Maxime Caru, Daniel Curnier, Department of Kinesiology, University of Montreal, Montreal H2X 0A9, Canada
Marc Bousquet, Clinic of Saint-Orens, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Center, Saint-Orens-de-Gameville 31650, France
Daniel Curnier, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center, Montreal H2X 0A9, Canada
Author contributions: Caru M and Curnier D wrote the manuscript; Kern L, Bousquet M and Curnier D reviewed and validated the final version of the manuscript; Caru M, Bousquet M and Curnier D designed the study; Bousquet M and Curnier D co-ordinated and provided the collection of data; Caru M and Kern L performed the statistical analyses.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the clinic of Saint Orens according to the rules of the country. Institutional Review Board, law n°2004-806; August 9, 2004.
Informed consent statement: All participants, and this investigation was conducted in accordance to the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, and depended on country rules (law n°2004-806; August 9th 2004). Also, the analysis used clinical data without storage of patient identifiers that were obtained after each patient agreed to treatment by written consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The Authors declares that there is no conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Dr. Daniel Curnier, PhD, Professor, Research Scientist, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de l’EXercice, Department of Kinesiology, University of Montreal, CEPSUM, 2100, boulevard Édouard Montpetit, Montreal H2X 0A9, Canada. daniel.curnier@umontreal.ca
Telephone: +1-514-3435942
Received: January 18, 2018
Peer-review started: January 18, 2018
First decision: January 31, 2018
Revised: March 15, 2018
Accepted: April 1, 2018
Article in press: April 1, 2018
Published online: April 26, 2018
Processing time: 98 Days and 8.5 Hours
Abstract
AIM

To quantify the preventive fraction of physical fitness on the risk factors in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).

METHODS

A total of 249 subjects (205 men and 44 women) suffering from CVD were categorized into four groups, according to their percentage of physical fitness. We calculated the odds ratio to obtain the preventive fraction in order to evaluate the impact of the physical fitness level on the risk factors (i.e., abdominal obesity, depression, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, overweight and smoking).

RESULTS

It is observed that a normal physical fitness level is sufficient to induce a preventive action on abdominal obesity (38%), diabetes (12%), hypertension (33%), obesity (12%) and overweight (11%). Also, the preventive fraction increases with the level of physical fitness, in particular for hypertension (36%) and overweight (16%). A high physical fitness level does not necessarily induce a preventive action in most risk factors, excluding depression.

CONCLUSION

This is the first study which demonstrates that reaching a normal physical fitness level is enough to induce a protection for some risk factors, despite having a CVD.

Keywords: Physical fitness; Cardiovascular diseases; Risk factors; Preventive fraction; Epidemiological study

Core tip: The effect of physical fitness on the risk factors in patients who have developed a cardiovascular disease remains an open question. This retrospective study aims to measure the preventive fraction of the risk factors observed at different level of the physical fitness. Our work provides new insights on the aggregate role of physical fitness in the development of risk factors in patients with cardiovascular diseases. These results may interest the readership and the journal due to its novelty and of its possible therapeutic use.