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Vacca A, Wang R, Nambiar N, Capone F, Farrelly C, Mostafa A, Sechi LA, Schiattarella GG. Lifestyle interventions in cardiometabolic HFpEF: dietary and exercise modalities. Heart Fail Rev 2025; 30:637-655. [PMID: 39283525 PMCID: PMC12166027 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-024-10439-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2025]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is rapidly growing as the most common form of heart failure. Among HFpEF phenotypes, the cardiometabolic/obese HFpEF - HFpEF driven by cardiometabolic alterations - emerges as one of the most prevalent forms of this syndrome and the one on which recent therapeutic success have been made. Indeed, pharmacological approaches with sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) have proved to be effective due to metabolic protective effects. Similarly, lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise are crucial in HFpEF management. Increasing evidence supports the important role of diet and physical activity in the pathogenesis, prognosis, and potential reversal of HFpEF. Metabolic derangements and systemic inflammation are key features of HFpEF and represent the main targets of lifestyle interventions. However, the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of these interventions in HFpEF are incompletely understood. Hence, there is an unmet need of tailored lifestyle intervention modalities for patients with HFpEF. Here we present the current available evidence on lifestyle interventions in HFpEF management and therapeutics, discussing their modalities and potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Vacca
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Rongling Wang
- Deutsches Herzzentrum Der Charité (DHZC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Natasha Nambiar
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Federico Capone
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Catherine Farrelly
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Gabriele G Schiattarella
- Deutsches Herzzentrum Der Charité (DHZC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
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Fang X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Ye D. Association between Vitamin D and mortality risk in gout patients. J Public Health (Oxf) 2025; 47:123-131. [PMID: 40057967 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2024] [Revised: 12/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2025] [Indexed: 06/01/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The correlation between gout patients' 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and their risk of all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) remains inconclusive. METHODS Data from 7337 gout patients enrolled in the UK Biobank were analyzed, with death data acquired via connection to national death registries. At baseline, serum 25(OH)D levels were measured. We utilized Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate the correlations between serum 25(OH)D levels and mortality, and mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore causality. RESULTS During 80 176 person-years of following up (median 11.4 years), 659 all-cause deaths were recorded, including 206 cardiovascular disease-related deaths. We found an L-shaped non-linear inverse connection (P non-linearity<0.05) between serum 25(OH)D levels and ACM and CVM with a cutoff value of 45 nmol/L. In contrast to gout patients with <45 nmol/L, those with 25(OH)D levels ≥45 nmol/L had a significantly decreased likelihood of ACM [Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.72; 95% confidence interval 0.61-0.86]. Nonlinear MR also confirmed the causal connection between sufficient 25(OH)D level threshold (≥50 nmol/L) and a reduced likelihood of ACM. Additionally, raising 25(OH)D over the deficiency thresholds (25 nmol/L) could also potentially mitigate CVM (P trend = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with a reduced likelihood of death in gout patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- School of Public Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, No. 15 Fengxia Road, Shuangfeng Industrial Zone, Hefei, Anhui 231131, China
| | - Zixing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Dongqing Ye
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
- School of Public Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, No. 15 Fengxia Road, Shuangfeng Industrial Zone, Hefei, Anhui 231131, China
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Kampka Z, Czapla D, Wojakowski W, Stanek A. Vitamin D Supplementation in Heart Failure-Confusion Without a Cause? Nutrients 2025; 17:1839. [PMID: 40507108 PMCID: PMC12158052 DOI: 10.3390/nu17111839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2025] [Revised: 05/24/2025] [Accepted: 05/26/2025] [Indexed: 06/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) remains a global health burden with high morbidity and mortality, despite significant pharmacological advances. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is commonly observed in HF patients and may exacerbate disease progression through various pathophysiological mechanisms, including activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, inflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired calcium homeostasis. While vitamin D (VD) supplementation may positively influence surrogate markers in selected patient groups-particularly those with reduced ejection fraction or severe vitamin D deficiency-its effect on primary endpoints such as mortality or HF-related hospitalization varies significantly across studies and patient populations. As a result, while VD supplementation may benefit VD-deficient HF patients, current evidence does not support routine administration across the whole HF population. It is still a matter of debate whether VDD belongs to prognostic markers of worse outcomes in HF or is instead their potential cause. Therefore, the clinical utility of VD in HF management remains underexplored. This review aims to assess the evidence regarding vitamin D status and its supplementation in the context of HF, with a focus on different HF phenotypes: reduced (HFrEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The aim is to synthesize findings from novel observational studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses that shed light onto this intricate relationship and may be valuable in everyday clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zofia Kampka
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, 45/47 Ziołowa St., 40-635 Katowice, Poland; (D.C.); (W.W.)
- Upper-Silesian Medical Center, 45/47 Ziołowa St., 40-635 Katowice, Poland
| | - Dominika Czapla
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, 45/47 Ziołowa St., 40-635 Katowice, Poland; (D.C.); (W.W.)
- Upper-Silesian Medical Center, 45/47 Ziołowa St., 40-635 Katowice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wojakowski
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, 45/47 Ziołowa St., 40-635 Katowice, Poland; (D.C.); (W.W.)
- Upper-Silesian Medical Center, 45/47 Ziołowa St., 40-635 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Stanek
- Upper-Silesian Medical Center, 45/47 Ziołowa St., 40-635 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Diseases, and Angiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Ziolowa 45/47 St., 40-635 Katowice, Poland
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Kamel FO, Mahjoub SK, Ahmad MAAS, Jamal MH, Bakhshwin DM, Burzangi AS, Shaker S, Magadmi R. Major risk factors underlying the development of metabolic syndrome in vitamin D-deficient rats. Front Pharmacol 2025; 16:1573332. [PMID: 40356969 PMCID: PMC12066242 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1573332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2025] [Accepted: 04/03/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D is essential for calcium-phosphorus homeostasis, skeletal mineralization, and cardiovascular health. Its deficiency is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular metabolic syndrome while identifying underlying mechanisms. Methodology Forty-eight Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control, vitamin D deficient (VD-), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and combined vitamin D deficient with metabolic syndrome (VD- + MetS). VD- and VD- + MetS rats were fed a vitamin D-deficient diet with increased calcium and phosphate to prevent secondary hyperparathyroidism and to determine the direct effects of vitamin D. Metabolic syndrome was induced via 10% fructose in drinking water for 8 weeks. Evaluations included metabolic syndrome markers (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity), myocardial injury indicators (lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] and creatine kinase-MB [CK-MB]), and oxidative stress/inflammation markers (malondialdehyde [MDA] and nitric oxide [NO]). Vascular reactivity in thoracic aorta tissues, heart weight, and histopathological changes were also assessed. Result The results revealed that vitamin D deficiency was strongly related to each component of metabolic syndrome. Combined vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome induced a highly significant increase in CK-MB, LDH, NO, and MDA levels (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in CK-MB and NO levels for the (VD-) group compared to the control (p > 0.05). Heart weight was significantly increased, and a histological examination of the heart showed increased left ventricular and aortic wall thickness in the combined group (p < 0.05). Vascular response to phenylephrine was significantly increased, whereas the vascular response to acetylcholine was significantly decreased in all experimental groups (VD-, MetS, and VD- + MetS) compared to control (p < 0.05). Conclusion The present study demonstrates that vitamin D deficiency is considered one of the major risky and predisposing factors for cardiovascular metabolic syndrome, which could affect the outcome of the disease, partly by affecting endothelial function, vascular oxidative stress, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemah O. Kamel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. K. Mahjoub
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. A. A. Sattar Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha H. Jamal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Duaa M. Bakhshwin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhadi S. Burzangi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad Shaker
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania Magadmi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Apak O, Avci BS, Apak O, Avci A, Tugcan MO, Yildirim A, Koc M, Saler T. The relationship between primary hyperparathyroidism and frontal QRS-T angle. J Electrocardiol 2025; 90:153935. [PMID: 40250137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2025.153935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2025] [Accepted: 04/06/2025] [Indexed: 04/20/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterized by hypercalcemia due to elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. It has long been established that cardiac contraction and relaxation are primarily the result of recurrent phasic increases and decreases in cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration. Calcium balance plays a crucial role in ventricular repolarization and depolarization. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between the frontal QRS-T angle and newly diagnosed PHPT patients. METHODS This study was designed as a prospective cross-sectional study. A total of 142 individuals were included, comprising 71 patients over the age of 18 who consented to participate and 71 healthy volunteers. Patients under the age of 18, those who declined to participate, and those with chronic kidney disease, heart failure, pericardial effusion, or undergoing oncological follow-up for malignancy were excluded from the study. RESULTS In the patient group, the mean systolic blood pressure was 132 mm-Hg, and the mean diastolic blood pressure was 77.8 mm-Hg. These values were statistically significantly higher compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The mean frontal QRS-T angle on the ECG was -9.0° in the patient group and 2.0° in the control group. It was found that the frontal QRS-T angle in the patient group had wider angle values compared to the control group. This difference was considered statistically weakly significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The frontal QRS-T angle in newly diagnosed PHPT patients differs from that in healthy individuals. We believe that the increase in this angle, calculated from the electrocardiogram obtained at the time of diagnosis, could serve as a warning parameter for clinicians in terms of the risk of cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Apak
- Karsiyaka State Hsopital, Department of Internal Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Begum Seyda Avci
- Health Science University, Adana City Research and Training Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Orkun Apak
- Health Science University, Adana City Research and Training Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Akkan Avci
- Health Science University, Adana City Research and Training Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Abdullah Yildirim
- Health Science University, Adana City Research and Training Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana, Turkey
| | - Mevlut Koc
- Health Science University, Adana City Research and Training Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Adana, Turkey
| | - Tayyibe Saler
- Health Science University, Adana City Research and Training Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Adana, Turkey
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Huang HX, Ma JX, Du LY, Xu ZH, Tang XL, Qiu CS, Lai SM, Liao DQ, Li HM, Xiong ZY, Zhang BY, Kuang L, Chen HJ, Li ZH. Associations of exposure to individual polyfluoroalkyl substances and their mixtures with vitamin D biomarkers in postmenopausal women. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2025; 294:118103. [PMID: 40154225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2025] [Accepted: 03/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
The potential impact of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on vitamin D status in postmenopausal women remains unexplored. This study examined the effects of individual PFAS and their combined exposures on vitamin D biomarkers among 2114 postmenopausal women utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2003-2018. The serum levels of four PFAS compounds, including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), were assessed alongside the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level. Our findings indicated that elevated log-transformed PFAS concentrations were significantly associated with reduced 25(OH)D levels (βPFOS: -15.969, 95 % CI: -19.154, -12.785; βPFOA: -17.288, 95 % CI: -22.446, -12.131; βPFNA: -8.510, 95 % CI: -12.148, -4.871; βPFHxS: -4.056, 95 % CI: -7.003, -1.110) and increased odds of vitamin D deficiency (ORPFOS: 2.495, 95 % CI: 1.685, 3.694; ORPFOA: 3.146, 95 % CI: 1.823, 5.429; ORPFNA: 1.906, 95 % CI: 1.357, 2.677; ORPFHxS: 1.480, 95 % CI: 1.109, 1.976). These associations were modified by race, the family incomepoverty ratio and the survey cycle. Notably, non-Hispanic White individuals presented a stronger inverse association between PFOS exposure and 25(OH)D levels. Bayesian kernel machine regression and weighted quantile sum analyses demonstrated that the effects of exposure to mixtures of the four studied PFAS were consistent with the effects of exposure to individual PFAS. These findings indicate that exposure to individual PFAS, particularly PFOA and PFOS, and their four mixtures may adversely affect serum 25(OH)D concentrations in postmenopausal women, underscoring the need for further investigation into the potential impact of PFAS on vitamin D status in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xuan Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Xuan Ma
- First Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Ying Du
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi-Hao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu-Lian Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng-Shen Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu-Min Lai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan-Qing Liao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Min Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Xiong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing-Yun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Kuang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao-Jie Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Amer SA, Abo-Elnour DE, Abbas A, Abdelrahman AS, Hamdy HEM, Kenawy S, Sarhan MM, Mohamed OH, Elnaghy MY, Baker M, El-Gayar RM, El-Sayed OS, Asla MM. Calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D supplementations as complementary therapy for hypertensive patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2025; 25:89. [PMID: 40045266 PMCID: PMC11884002 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-025-04809-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/09/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension, the first global modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality, is a consequential and remediable threat to the health of individuals and society. Therefore, we conducted this study to explore the role of calcium (Ca++), magnesium (Mg++), and vitamin D (Vit-D) supplementation as complementary therapies for hypertension, focusing on their effects on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse rate. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis examined relevant 6509 articles in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL up to October 2024. The primary outcome was the difference in blood pressure measurements (systolic and diastolic) and the pulse rate. The extracted data were analyzed using Open Meta Analyst software. RESULTS This systematic review and meta-analysis included 40 studies; of them, 24 studies were analyzed. Ca++ was associated with a significant drop in the DBP (MD: -2.04, 95% CI [-3.39, -0.69], P = 0.01), but not in the SBP (P = 0.34) or pulse rate (P = 0.84). Mg++ significantly reduced DBP (MD: -1.64, 95% CI [-3.19, -0.09], P = 0.04), but had no significant effect on the SBP (P = 0.16) or pulse rate (P = 0.81). The estimated effect of Vit-D showed a significant reduction in SBP (MD: -2.83, 95% CI [-5.47, -0.199], P = 0.04) and DBP (MD: -1.64, 95% CI [-2.97, -0.3], P = 0.01). CONCLUSION Ca++ and Mg++ significantly reduced DBP but had no significant effect on SBP or the pulse rate. Whereas, vitamin D significantly reduced SBP and DBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar A Amer
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | | | - Abdallah Abbas
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
| | | | | | - Samar Kenawy
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Mohammed Baker
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Zhang N, Wang Y, Li W, Wang Y, Zhang H, Xu D, Chen R, Tang L, Tang H. Association between serum vitamin D level and cardiovascular disease in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2025; 15:6454. [PMID: 39987347 PMCID: PMC11846893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-90785-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2025] [Indexed: 02/24/2025] Open
Abstract
The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the diabetes population still needs to be clarified. This study aimed to explore the association of 25(OH)D with CVD and cardiometabolic risk factors in Chinese population with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This cross-sectional study was performed with 1378 hospitalized patients with T2DM. Participants were classified into three groups according to the serum 25(OH)D levels: vitamin D adequate, vitamin D insufficiency and vitamin D deficient. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, stratified analysis and interaction analysis were performed to determine the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and CVD outcome. After adjusting for confounders, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly negatively associated with cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients [OR: 0.97 (0.94, 0.99), p = 0.0131]. Taking the vitamin D-sufficient group (≥ 20 ng/mL) as a reference, the vitamin D-deficiency group (< 12 ng/mL) was associated with a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular disease, with a 1.25-fold increased risk after adjusting for all potential confounders [OR: 2.25 (1.33, 3.79), p = 0.0023]. Stratification analysis showed that the association between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of cardiovascular disease was particularly significant in women [OR: 4.32 (1.54, 12.12), p = 0.0055], older adults [OR: 4.14 (1.10, 15.56), p = 0.0355], normal-weight [OR: 4.09 (1.51, 11.10), p = 0.0056] and obese subjects [OR: 3.66 (1.03, 13.05), p = 0.0453]. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity [OR: 1.57 (1.10, 2.24), p = 0.0134], hypertension [OR: 1.81 (1.30, 2.51), p = 0.0004], hypertriglyceridemia [OR: 1.56 (1.12, 2.16), p = 0.0078] and reduced HDL-C [OR: 1.67 (1.19, 2.35), p = 0.0033]. Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly negatively associated with CVD in T2DM patients and vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjie Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 4500552, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Agricultural Biogenomics, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Danning Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Ruohong Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Lingli Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Haoneng Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
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Kwak JH, Kim HJ. High air pollution exposure, vitamin D deficiency and ever smokers were associated with higher prevalence of hypercholesterolemia: A cross-sectional study from the 2008-2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutr Res 2025; 134:1-12. [PMID: 39799634 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 12/17/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2025]
Abstract
Air pollutants directly and indirectly cause vitamin D deficiency (VDD). In addition, smoking increases oxidative stress and accelerates skin aging, thereby reducing the body's vitamin D concentration. Previous study reported that VDD increases total cholesterol concentration by reducing vitamin D receptor activity. We hypothesized that high air pollution exposure, smoking, and VDD would increase hypercholesterolemia. We investigated associations between long-term exposure to air pollutants, smoking status, VDD, and their combination with hypercholesterolemia using data from the 2008-2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We used linked data from the KNHANES to the daily moving average of air-pollution data from 730 days before the examination date, using participants' addresses in latitude and longitude coordinates. Results were analyzed using a survey logistic regression model for complex sample analyses. We included 28,134 adults with data on serum vitamin D, cholesterol concentrations, smoking status, and air pollutant concentrations. After adjusting for potential covariates, adults with exposure to high concentrations of air pollutants and ever smokers showed significantly higher risks of VDD (odds ratios [ORs], 1.70; 95 % confidence intervals [CIs], 1.44-2.00). In the group with high air-pollutant exposure, adults with low vitamin D status and ever smokers had significantly higher risks of hypercholesterolemia (ORs, 1.55; 95 % CIs, 1.09-2.19) than adults with high vitamin D status and never smokers. We found that high air-pollutant exposure, ever smokers, and VDD may increase hypercholesterolemia prevalence in Korean adults. Therefore, to reduce hypercholesterolemia risk, adults living in areas with high air-pollution exposure may need adequate vitamin D intake and to avoid smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyun Kwak
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ja Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung-si, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Sziva RE, Kollarics R, Pál É, Bányai B, Korsós-Novák Á, Fontányi Z, Magyar P, Süli A, Nádasy GL, Ács N, Horváth EM, Hadjadj L, Várbíró S. Increased Oxidative and Nitrative Stress and Decreased Sex Steroid Relaxation in a Vitamin D-Deficient Hyperandrogenic Rodent Model-And a Validation of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Model. Nutrients 2025; 17:201. [PMID: 39861332 PMCID: PMC11767255 DOI: 10.3390/nu17020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2024] [Revised: 01/03/2025] [Accepted: 01/04/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Both hyperandrogenism (HA) and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) can separately lead to impaired vascular reactivity and ovulatory dysfunction in fertile females. The aim was to examine the early interactions of these states in a rat model of PCOS. METHODS Four-week-old adolescent female rats were divided into four groups: vitamin D (VD)-supplemented (n = 12); VD-supplemented and testosterone-treated (n = 12); VDD- (n = 11) and VDD-and-testosterone-treated (n = 11). Animals underwent transdermal testosterone treatment for 8 weeks. Target VD levels were achieved with oral VD supplementation and a VD-free diet. Estrous cycles were followed by vaginal smear, and quantitative histomorphometric measurements of the ovaries were also taken. In the 8th week, testosterone- and estrogen-induced relaxation of coronary arterioles was examined with pressure angiography. Estrogen receptor (ER) density and oxidative and nitrative stress parameters (Poly-(ADP-Ribose)-Polymerase and 3-nitrotyrosine) in the vessel wall were investigated with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS VDD caused impaired estrous cycles, and testosterone caused anovulatory cycles (the cycles were stopped at the diestrous phase). VDD combined with testosterone treatment resulted in reduced testosterone and estrogen vasorelaxation, lower ER density, and higher oxidative and nitrative stress in the vessel wall. CONCLUSIONS PCOS with vitamin D deficiency may be associated with increased oxidative-nitrative stress in coronary arterioles. This oxidative and nitrative stress, potentially caused by hyperandrogenism and/or vitamin D deficiency, could impair estrogen-induced relaxation of the coronary arterioles, possibly by decreasing NO bioavailability and disrupting the estrogen-induced relaxation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Eszter Sziva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (R.E.S.); (Z.F.); (A.S.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37–47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
- Workgroup of Research Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Kollarics
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (R.E.S.); (Z.F.); (A.S.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37–47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37–47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (É.P.); (L.H.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Szeged University, Semmelweis Street 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Pál
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37–47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (É.P.); (L.H.)
- HUN-REN-SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research Group, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Bányai
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37–47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Ágnes Korsós-Novák
- Department of Pathology, Toldy Ferenc Hospital and Outpatient Clinic of Cegléd, Törteli Street 1–3, 2700 Cegléd, Hungary;
| | - Zoltán Fontányi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (R.E.S.); (Z.F.); (A.S.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
| | - Péter Magyar
- Medical Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Anita Süli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (R.E.S.); (Z.F.); (A.S.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37–47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
| | - György L. Nádasy
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37–47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Nándor Ács
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (R.E.S.); (Z.F.); (A.S.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
| | - Eszter Mária Horváth
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37–47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Leila Hadjadj
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37–47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (É.P.); (L.H.)
| | - Szabolcs Várbíró
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (R.E.S.); (Z.F.); (A.S.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
- Workgroup of Research Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Szeged University, Semmelweis Street 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
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11
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Yu XF, Lim CED, Chen H. The role of vitamin D in glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes-A pilot D4D trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2025; 27:428-431. [PMID: 39468385 DOI: 10.1111/dom.16023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2024] [Revised: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Fei Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chi Eung Danforn Lim
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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12
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Ojaroodi AF, Jafarnezhad F, Eskandari Z, Keramat S, Stanek A. Recent Updates and Advances in the Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Risk of Thrombotic Disease. Nutrients 2024; 17:90. [PMID: 39796525 PMCID: PMC11722561 DOI: 10.3390/nu17010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2024] [Revised: 12/26/2024] [Accepted: 12/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) is a vital lipophilic secosteroid hormone known for its essential role in maintaining skeletal health and regulating calcium and phosphate metabolism. Recent evidence has begun to illuminate its significance beyond bone health, particularly in relation to thrombosis-a condition characterized by blood clot formation within the vascular system that can lead to serious cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. VD deficiency, defined as a plasma 25-hydroxyVD level below 25 nmol/L, affects a substantial portion of the global population, with prevalence rates ranging from 8% to 18%. This study systematically explores the relationships between VD levels and the risk of thrombosis, investigating the underlying mechanisms including VD's anticoagulant properties, influence on inflammatory pathways, and interactions with endothelial cells. Epidemiological data suggest that low serum levels of VD correlate with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), although the reported findings remain inconsistent. Mechanisms that potentially link VD to thrombotic risk include modulation of thrombomodulin and tissue factor expression, as well as enhancement of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Given the prevalence of VD insufficiency, particularly among populations with limited exposure to sunlight, this research highlights the urgent need for strategies to increase VD levels through dietary modifications and supplementation in order to prevent thrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Faghih Ojaroodi
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Ward, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran;
| | - Fatemeh Jafarnezhad
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177899191, Iran
| | - Zahra Eskandari
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 7518759577, Iran;
| | - Shayan Keramat
- VAS-European Independent Foundation in Angiology/Vascular Medicine, Via GB Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy;
- Support Association of Patients of Buerger’s Disease, Buerger’s Disease NGO, Mashhad 9183785195, Iran
| | - Agata Stanek
- VAS-European Independent Foundation in Angiology/Vascular Medicine, Via GB Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Diseases and Angiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Ziołowa 45/47, 40-635 Katowice, Poland
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13
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Doost ME, Hong J, Broatch JE, Applegate MT, Wagner CE, Marshall PA, Jurutka PW. Synergistic Activation of VDR-RXR Heterodimers by Vitamin D and Rexinoids in Human Kidney and Brain Cells. Cells 2024; 13:1878. [PMID: 39594626 PMCID: PMC11592939 DOI: 10.3390/cells13221878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2024] [Revised: 11/07/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D), binds to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) with high affinity. The VDR then heterodimerizes with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and associates with vitamin D response elements (VDREs) to regulate the transcription of target genes. Bexarotene (Bex) is an RXR ligand (rexinoid) developed to treat cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and is a putative therapeutic for other diseases. We postulate that VDR ligands (1,25D) and RXR ligands (Bex/analogs) can "synergize" to "super-activate" the VDR-RXR heterodimer. This "cross-talk" could allow disorders treated with high-dose Bex therapy (leading to significant adverse side effects) to instead be treated using both low-dose Bex and vitamin D. Thus, we designed experiments to examine the effect of both VDR and RXR ligands, alone and in combination, to activate VDR-RXR-mediated transcription. The goal was to determine if selected RXR-specific ligands can synergize with vitamin D to amplify RXR-VDR activity. The results demonstrate a synergistic effect with both Bex and 1,25D which could be further modulated by (1) the protein levels (or polymorphic version) of VDR present in the cell, (2) the concentration of the ligands, (3) the cellular "background" (e.g., brain cells versus kidney cells), (4) the nature of the VDRE platform, or (5) the type of rexinoid (Bex analogs). Our findings suggest that diseases that respond to treatment with either vitamin D, or with rexinoids, may be amenable to enhanced therapeutic potential by employing multi-ligand dosing via combinatorial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Pamela A. Marshall
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, AZ 85306, USA; (M.E.D.); (J.H.); (J.E.B.); (M.T.A.); (C.E.W.); (P.W.J.)
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14
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Hu T, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Su J. Relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the atherogenic index of plasma: a study based on NHANES database 2011-2018. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1468284. [PMID: 39555194 PMCID: PMC11566743 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1468284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in individuals aged 20 years and above, as well as analyze potential influencing factors. Methods A total of 9,637 participants aged 20 years and above from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2011 and 2018 were included in this study. The AIP was calculated using the formula log[triglycerides (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)]. Due to the skewed distribution of serum vitamin D levels in the study population, a normal transformation was performed. Weighted multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the linear relationship between the transformed serum vitamin D levels and AIP. Subgroup analysis was conducted by stratifying the data based on age, gender, and race to evaluate the stability of the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and AIP in different populations. In addition, a smooth curve fitting and generalized linear models were employed to examine the nonlinear relationship between serum vitamin D levels and AIP. Results After controlling for confounding factors, the multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between serum vitamin D levels and AIP [β = -0.0065, 95% CI: (-0.0106, -0.0024)]. This negative correlation was significant in male participants [β = -0.0077, 95% CI: (-0.0142, -0.0011)], Non-Hispanic Black participants [β = -0.0135, 95% CI: (-0.0211, -0.0059)], as well as participants aged 40-50 [β = -0.0124, 95% CI: (-0.0226, -0.0022)] and 60-70 [β = -0.0118, 95% CI: (-0.0214, -0.0023)]. Furthermore, a nonlinear relationship and saturation effect were observed between the transformed serum vitamin D levels and AIP, with a turning point at 8.5617 nmol/L. Conclusion Our study revealed a significant negative correlation and saturation effect between serum vitamin D levels and AIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Psychosomatic Diseases, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Imaging Sciences, Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Su
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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15
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Wylenzek F, Bühling KJ, Laakmann E. A systematic review on the impact of nutrition and possible supplementation on the deficiency of vitamin complexes, iron, omega-3-fatty acids, and lycopene in relation to increased morbidity in women after menopause. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 310:2235-2245. [PMID: 38935105 PMCID: PMC11393286 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07555-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
A balanced and healthy diet during the menopausal transition and after menopause is crucial for women to reduce the risk for morbidities and chronic diseases due to deficiency of essential nutrients. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies that analyzed the impact of vitamin and nutrient deficiencies in postmenopausal women in relation to increased morbidities and chronic conditions. METHODS Observational studies were searched in the databases PubMed, UpToDate, and Google Scholar. RESULTS We searched 122 studies, of which 90 were included in our analysis. The meta-analysis of the data could not be performed because of the heterogeneity of the statistical methods in the included studies. In our study, we focused on the aspects of vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin D, iron, omega-3-fatty acids, and lycopene, belonging to the family of carotenoids. Postmenopausal women with deficiencies of these nutrients are more vulnerable to comorbidities such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, metabolic diseases, osteoporosis, obesity, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression, cognitive decline, dementia, and stroke. We concluded that women after menopause tend to have a greater probability of suffering from deficiencies in various vitamins and nutrients, and consequently have an increased risk of developing morbidities and chronic diseases. CONCLUSION In conclusion, maintaining optimum serum levels of nutrients and vitamins, either through a balanced and healthy diet consuming fresh fruits, vegetables, and fats or by taking appropriate supplementation, is essential in maintaining optimal health-related quality of life and reducing the risk for women during the menopausal transition and after menopause. Nevertheless, more recent studies need to be assessed to formulate adequate recommendations to achieve positive clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Wylenzek
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai J Bühling
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Elena Laakmann
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Eliseev MS, Zhelyabina OV, Kirillova IG, Korsakova YO, Cheremushkina EV. Diastolic Dysfunction of the Left and Right Ventricles in Patients with Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Storage Disease and Osteoarthritis. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2024; 517:148-155. [PMID: 38861149 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672924700881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The frequency and risk factors for the development of diastolic dysfunction (DD) in patients with CPPD and OA have not been studied. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and identify risk factors (RF) for the development of DD of the left and right ventricles (LV and RV) in patients with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (CPPD) and osteoarthritis (OA). The study included 26 patients with CPPD and with knee OA 18-65 years old, matched in age and gender, without cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), and rheumatic diseases. Conventional risk factors (TRF) of CVD were assessed, and echocardiography was performed. The frequency of DD in patients with CPPD and OA was quite high and almost did not differ in both groups: it was detected in 19 patients, of which 11 (42%) had CPPD and 8 (31%) had OA (p = 0.39). Type 1 LV DD was detected in 10 (39%) patients with CPPD and in 8 (31%) with OA (p = 0.11); type 1RV DD was detected in 8 (31%) patients with CPPD and in 7 (27%) patients with OA (p = 0.17); and type 1 LV DD and RV DD was detected in 7 (27%) patients with both CPPD and with OA. DD types 2 and 3 were not detected in both groups. There were no differences in both groups in CV risk factors, except for the level of CRP (it was higher in CPPD) (p = 0.03). In the CPPD group, mean values of LV E/E' (p = 0.02), LVDT (p = 0.03), LVMI (p = 0.04) were significantly higher than in patients with OA. On the contrary, in patients with OA, indices EDV (p = 0.004) and TVC (p = 0.02) were higher. There were direct correlations between diastolic function indices and the following factors in CPPD: LVL, PWLV and PTH level (r = 0.7, p <0.005), LV E' and PTH level (r = 0.7, p < 0.005). Inverse correlations were found between the level of PTH and IS (r = -0.5, p < 0.005), LVMI (r = -0.5, p < 0.005), and the level of vitamin D and VDDT (r = -0.6, p < 0.005). Direct correlations in OA were found between the level of CRP and PVAdiast (r = 0.6, p < 0.005), and the level of sUA (r = 0.7, p < 0.005), and the level of vitamin D and E/E'LV (r = 0.6, p < 0.005). A high prevalence of LV and RV DD was found in patients with CPPD and OA. The presence of DD in CPPD was associated with lower vitamin D levels, and in OA with a higher level of sUA and a lower level of PTH.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Eliseev
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - O V Zhelyabina
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - I G Kirillova
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu O Korsakova
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow, Russia
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Tafteh N, Rezaeian S, Abdollahzad H, Sabzi F. The Association of Serum Vitamin D With Anthropometric Indices, Lipid Profile, ICAM-1, and IL-17 in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. Clin Nutr Res 2024; 13:165-175. [PMID: 39165290 PMCID: PMC11333149 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2024.13.3.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum levels of vitamin D with anthropometric indices, lipid profile and vascular inflammatory factors, in patients who candidate for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in patients who were candidate for CABG. Demographic information, medical records, anthropometric indicators, blood samples, and physical activity of 150 patients were collected. 146 participants with mean ± standard deviation of age: 61.8 ± 10.0 years and body mass index: 26.9 ± 3.7 kg/m2 completed the study. Based on serum levels of vitamin D, patients were divided into 2 groups; groups with sufficient (≥ 30 ng/mL) and insufficient amount of vitamin D (< 30 ng/mL). The 30.14% of the patients had serum vitamin D deficiency. Ejection fraction (EF) % between the 2 groups had significant difference. Unexpectedly the EF% increased 7% in patients with insufficient level of vitamin D (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.11; p = 0.001). Vitamin D status had a significant inverse association with body weight. The odds of vitamin D deficiency significantly increased by 4% with increasing one kg in weight (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1-1.08; p = 0.044). There were no significant association between serum vitamin D level and intra cellular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-17, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile (p > 0.05). Considering the inverse association observed between serum vitamin D with EF% and body weight, vitamin D may play a role in modulating of these indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Tafteh
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Shahab Rezaeian
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Hadi Abdollahzad
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 5756115111, Iran
- Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 5756115111, Iran
| | - Feridoun Sabzi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
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Chen CW, Han YY, Hwang JS, Rizzo M, Yamashita S, Huey-Jen Hsu S, Su TC. Association Between Adequate Serum 25(OH)D Levels and Atherogenic Dyslipidemia in Young Adults. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:524-539. [PMID: 38057082 PMCID: PMC11079497 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and novel biomarkers of atherogenic dyslipidemia among young adults. METHOD A total of 976 young adults were recruited between 2011 and 2019. Their serum 25(OH)D levels were measured, and lipid profile markers, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), low-density lipoprotein triglyceride (LDL-TG), and small-dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C), were assessed as novel biomarkers of atherogenic dyslipidemia. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyze the association between vitamin D levels and lipid profile markers. Odds ratios were calculated to assess the risk of atherogenic dyslipidemia in individuals with serum 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/mL compared to those with levels above 30 ng/mL. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to explore potential mediation pathways. RESULTS The study found a significant association between vitamin D levels and lower levels of LDL-C, LDL-TG, sdLDL-C, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), triglycerides, and total cholesterol. Individuals with serum 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/mL exhibited significantly higher odds ratios for developing atherogenic dyslipidemia in a dose-response pattern compared to those with vitamin D levels above 30 ng/mL. Notably, structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis revealed that vitamin D did not affect atherogenic lipid markers through the mediation of insulin resistance markers or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence of an association between vitamin D deficiency and atherogenic dyslipidemia in young adults. It further highlights that individuals with serum 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/mL are at a significantly higher risk of developing atherogenic dyslipidemia in a dose-response manner compared to those with higher vitamin D levels. These findings underscore the potential role of vitamin D in dyslipidemia management and emphasize the importance of maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels for cardiovascular health in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Way Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Yi Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Traumatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMIS), Universita degli Studi di Palermo UNIPA, Palermo, Italy
| | - Shizuya Yamashita
- Department of Cardiology, Rinku General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sandy Huey-Jen Hsu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Pan D, Qiao H, Wang H, Wu S, Wang J, Wang C, Guo J, Gu Y. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in hypertensive patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1274-1282. [PMID: 38494369 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To examine the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with all-cause mortality and disease-specific mortality in patients with hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS This cohort study included US adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2018. All-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality outcomes were determined by association with National Death Index records. Cox proportional risk models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for serum 25(OH)D concentrations. The cohort included 10,325 adult participants. The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 65.87 nmol/L, and 32.2% of patients were vitamin D deficient (<50 nmol/L). During a mean follow-up of 77 months, 1290 deaths were recorded, including 345 cardiovascular deaths and 237 cancer deaths. Patients with higher serum 25(OH)D were more likely to have lower all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality than those with serum 25(OH)D < 25.00 nmol/L. For cancer mortality in hypertensive patients, vitamin D may not have a predictive role in this. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that higher 25(OH)D levels are significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. These findings suggest that maintaining adequate vitamin D status may reduce the risk of death in patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dikang Pan
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Huan Qiao
- The People's Hospital of Pingyi County, Linyi, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Sensen Wu
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Cong Wang
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianming Guo
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongquan Gu
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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20
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Alissa EM. Vitamin D and cardiovascular diseases: A narrative review. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:1191-1199. [PMID: 38827691 PMCID: PMC11141959 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1481_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and vitamin D deficiency are becoming highly prevalent among general populations. Despite plausible biological mechanisms for the role of vitamin D in cardio-protection, a cause-and-effect relationship has not yet been established. The interest in vitamin D as a potential therapeutic target to attenuate cardiovascular risk has been raised. The question about the benefit of vitamin D supplementation for cardiovascular outcomes cannot be answered certainly for the moment. The association between hypovitaminosis D and CVD has been proven by some studies while other studies deny any such link. The present narrative review gives a comprehensive overview of studies on the potential impact of hypovitaminosis D on CVD. The potential role of vitamin D supplementation in the management of CVD is also evaluated. Particular emphasis is paid to those studies that achieve a high level of scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Mokbel Alissa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Kim HY. Exploring the Role of Vitamin D Deficiency Correction in Heart Failure Management: Insights and Prospects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE 2024; 6:91-92. [PMID: 38694932 PMCID: PMC11058435 DOI: 10.36628/ijhf.2024.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Yoon Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
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22
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Meshkin A, Badiee F, Salari N, Hassanabadi M, Khaleghi AA, Mohammadi M. The Global Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in the Elderly: A Meta-analysis. Indian J Orthop 2024; 58:223-230. [PMID: 38425824 PMCID: PMC10899554 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-023-01089-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent among the elderly, posing significant health risks. This study aims to determine the global prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, examining databases including Scientific Information Database (SID), Medline (PubMed), ScienceDirect, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar until January 2023. The publication bias of the studies was assessed using the I2 test of heterogeneity and the Egger test. Results The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, defined as levels below 20 ng or 50 nmol was found to be 59.7% (95% CI 45.9-72.1). Furthermore, a review of six studies involving 6748 elderly individuals showed a prevalence of 27.5% (95% CI 21.8-34.1) for deficiency defined between 20 and 30 ng or 50-75 nmol. Additionally, a meta-analysis of seven studies with a sample size of 6918 elderly individuals reported a prevalence of 16% (95% CI 10.2-24.1) for deficiency defined above 30 nmol or 75 nmol. Conclusion The results of the present study reveal that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among the elderly is high and requires the attention of health policymakers at the World Health Organization to prioritize extensive information dissemination and screening to mitigate the adverse effects on their quality of life. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43465-023-01089-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Meshkin
- Student Research Committee, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Badiee
- Student Research Committee, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Nader Salari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Hassanabadi
- Department of Strategy and Operations Management, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Ali Asghar Khaleghi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Masoud Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
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Elsheikh E, Alabdullah AI, Al-Harbi SS, Alagha AO, AlAhmed DH, Alalmaee MMA. The Relationship between Vitamin D Levels and Blood Glucose and Cholesterol Levels. Clin Pract 2024; 14:426-435. [PMID: 38525711 PMCID: PMC10961748 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency has reached epidemic proportions globally. Observational data link low vitamin D status to diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome, but interventional trials on the effects of supplementation are limited. OBJECTIVE We investigated associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and metabolic markers in Saudi adults. METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed the clinical records of 476 patients from Saudi Arabia, aged 15-78 years. According to 25(OH)D levels, participants were stratified as vitamin D-sufficient (≥30 ng/mL), -insufficient (21-29 ng/mL), or -deficient (≤20 ng/mL). The outcomes were diabetic status (fasting glucose, HbA1c) and lipid panel results. RESULTS Higher diabetes prevalence was significantly associated with lower 25(OH)D levels (10.1% in the sufficient group, 11.6% in the insufficient group, and 18.3% in the deficient group). Similarly, worse lipid profiles were associated with more severe hypovitaminosis D, including a total cholesterol level of ≥240 mg/dL (5.3% in participants with normal vitamin D levels vs. 18.9% in those with deficient levels) and LDL ≥ 160 mg/dL (6.9% in participants with normal vitamin D levels vs. 13.2% in those with deficient levels). Vitamin D deficiency disproportionately affected women and adults > 45 years old. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency is endemic in Saudi Arabia and strongly linked to worsened metabolic markers. Optimizing vitamin D status through screening and correcting the deficiency may provide a cost-effective approach to confronting the regional diabetes epidemic and reducing cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Elsheikh
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Cardiovascular Department, College of Medicine, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | | | - Sarah Saleh Al-Harbi
- Pharm.D., College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.-H.); (A.O.A.)
| | - Amal Omar Alagha
- Pharm.D., College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.-H.); (A.O.A.)
| | - Dhiyaa Hassan AlAhmed
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alhasa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (D.H.A.); (M.M.A.A.)
| | - Mazen Moraya Ali Alalmaee
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alhasa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.A.); (D.H.A.); (M.M.A.A.)
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24
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Fadini GP, Marassi M. Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Risk: Stemming the Tide of Poor Outcomes in Coronary Heart Disease. JACC. ADVANCES 2024; 3:100803. [PMID: 38939406 PMCID: PMC11198725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
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Mattumpuram J, Maniya MT, Faruqui SK, Ahmed A, Jaiswal V, Harshakumar SP. Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Outcomes With Vitamin D Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102119. [PMID: 37802169 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D supplementation has seen a sharp increase in the primary healthcare setting but its efficacy in decreasing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events is yet to be reliably established. We aim to determine whether vitamin D supplementation can significantly impact the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. An extensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL was conducted from inception till August 2023 to include all the articles comparing vitamin D and placebo. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes were presented as risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and pooled using a random effects model. Thirty-six trials consisting of 493,389 participants were included in our analysis. Our pooled analysis demonstrated no significant difference between vitamin D supplementation and placebo for the risk of cardiovascular mortality (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.94-1.08; P = 0.80), stroke or cerebrovascular events (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.95-1.11; P = 0.48), myocardial infarction (MI) (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.91-1.06; P = 0.65), cerebrovascular mortality (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.68-1.46; P = 0.99), arrhythmias (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.66-1.44; P = 0.90) and hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke. There was no significant heterogeneity between the studies in any analysis. There was no significant difference in the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes with vitamin D supplementation or placebo. Additional large high-powered studies focused on high-risk and vitamin D-deficient populations are required to resolve the current discrepancy in the literature and provide a definitive conclusion to this end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishanth Mattumpuram
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | | | | | - Aymen Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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Rasouli MA, Darvishzadehdaledari S, Alizadeh Z, Moradi G, Gholami F, Mahmoudian A. Vitamin D Supplementation and Cardiovascular Disease Risks in More Than 134000 Individuals in 29 Randomized Clinical Trials and 157000 Individuals in 30 Prospective Cohort Studies: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Res Health Sci 2023; 23:e00594. [PMID: 38315909 PMCID: PMC10843321 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2023.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the findings from observational studies and clinical trials assessing the effect of vitamin D supplements on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), there are still contradictory results. This systematic review aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplements on CVDs considering cohort studies and clinical trials. Study Design: A systematic review. METHODS MEDLINE/PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were reviewed by two reviewers independently until 2022. The study effect is risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) according to Mantel Haenszel's random-effects model. Then, Stata version 14 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS In clinical trial studies, the incidence of CVDs among the vitamin D-consuming group was not significantly different from that in the placebo group (RR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.95-1.03; P=0.77; I 2=0%). CVD mortality was also not significantly different between the two groups (RR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.90-1.05; P=0.72; I2=0%). In cohort studies, circulating 25 (OH) D increased the risk of CVD incidence by 31% (RR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.19-1.45) and CVD mortality by 37% (RR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.17-1.61). CONCLUSION According to current evidence from clinical trials, vitamin D supplementation should not be recommended for CVD prevention. However, there is a direct association between vitamin D deficiency and the incidence of CVDs as well as its mortality. According to the results of clinical trial studies carrying higher levels of scientific evidence, it can be concluded that vitamin D supplementation does not exert a significant effect on the incidence, mortality, and reduction of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aziz Rasouli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | - Zeynab Alizadeh
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghobad Moradi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gholami
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ako Mahmoudian
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lee Y, Kim M, Baik I. Associations of Serum Vitamin D Concentration with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the Healthy Lifestyle Score. Nutrients 2023; 16:39. [PMID: 38201869 PMCID: PMC10780718 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D status is reportedly associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), although conflicting data have been generated. The healthy lifestyle score (HLS) was formulated as a primary approach toward preventing CVD; however, data on the association between the HLS and vitamin D status remain insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the associations of CVD risk factors and the HLS with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in adults who participated in a national survey. HLS components, including body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and dietary pattern, as well as other risk factors, including diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and dyslipidemia (DL), were fitted in multiple linear regression models to determine their association with vitamin D status. DM, HTN, and DL were inversely associated whereas a balanced dietary pattern, alcohol consumption, and physical activity were positively associated with serum vitamin D concentration (p < 0.01). Furthermore, a strong association was observed between the total HLS and serum vitamin D concentration (p for trend <0.01); the regression coefficient estimate (95% confidence interval) for the highest score was 1.41 (0.65, 2.17) (p < 0.01) compared with that for the lowest. These findings suggest that CVD risk factors and the HLS may reflect vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Inkyung Baik
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea; (Y.L.); (M.K.)
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Algowhary M, Farouk A, El-Deek HEM, Hosny G, Ahmed A, Abdelzaher LA, Saleem TH. Relationship between vitamin D and coronary artery disease in Egyptian patients. Egypt Heart J 2023; 75:92. [PMID: 37943388 PMCID: PMC10635996 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-023-00419-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported conflicting results about the association of vitamin D (VD) level with coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to study the association of VD with atherosclerotic CAD in Egyptian individuals. RESULTS We prospectively enrolled 188 consecutive CAD patients with a median age of 55(50-62) years; 151(80.3%) were male. All patients were diagnosed by cardiac catheterization and were compared with 131 healthy controls. VD levels were measured in serum samples of all participants. Compared to controls, CAD patients had a significantly lower median VD level, 14.65 (9.25-21.45) versus 42.0 (32.0-53.0) ng/mL, p < 0.001. VD was correlated with the number of diseased coronary arteries and lipid profile (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides, p < 0.001 for each). By multivariate analyses, VD was an independent predictor of CAD [OR 1.22 (95% CI 1.07-1.4), p = 0.003, optimal cut-off value 30 ng/mL (AUC 0.92, sensitivity 81% and specificity 81.4%), p < 0.001], and the number of diseased coronary arteries, p < 0.001, especially three-vessel disease [OR 0.83 (95% CI 0.72-0.95), p = 0.008]. CONCLUSIONS We have shown that low VD should be considered a non-traditional risk factor for CAD in Egyptian individuals. Low VD was correlated with coronary atherosclerosis, especially in patients with multivessel effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdy Algowhary
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Assiut University Heart Hospital, Assiut University, Asyut, 71516, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Farouk
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Assiut University Heart Hospital, Assiut University, Asyut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Heba E M El-Deek
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Ghada Hosny
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ahmed
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Abdelzaher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Tahia H Saleem
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, 71516, Egypt
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Islam MR, Dhar PS, Akash S, Syed SH, Gupta JK, Gandla K, Akter M, Rauf A, Hemeg HA, Anwar Y, Aljohny BO, Wilairatana P. Bioactive molecules from terrestrial and seafood resources in hypertension treatment: focus on molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:45. [PMID: 37902881 PMCID: PMC10616036 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN), a complex cardiovascular disease (CVD), significantly impacts global health, prompting a growing interest in complementary and alternative therapeutic approaches. This review article seeks to provide an up-to-date and thorough summary of modern therapeutic techniques for treating HTN, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of action found in substances found in plants, herbs, and seafood. Bioactive molecules have been a significant source of novel therapeutics and are crucial in developing and testing new HTN remedies. Recent advances in science have made it possible to understand the complex molecular mechanisms underlying blood pressure (BP)-regulating effects of these natural substances better. Polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and peptides are examples of bioactive compounds that have demonstrated promise in influencing several pathways involved in regulating vascular tone, reducing oxidative stress (OS), reducing inflammation, and improving endothelial function. The article explains the vasodilatory, diuretic, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) modifying properties of vital plants such as garlic and olive leaf. Phytochemicals from plants are the primary in traditional drug development as models for novel antihypertensive drugs, providing diverse strategies to combat HTN due to their biological actions. The review also discusses the functions of calcium channel blockers originating from natural sources, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and nitric oxide (NO) donors. Including seafood components in this study demonstrates the increased interest in using bioactive chemicals originating from marine sources to treat HTN. Omega-3 fatty acids, peptides, and minerals obtained from seafood sources have anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and antioxidant properties that improve vascular health and control BP. Overall, we discussed the multiple functions of bioactive molecules and seafood components in the treatment of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Puja Sutro Dhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Sabeena Hussain Syed
- School of Pharmacy, Vishwakarma University, Survey No 2, 3,4, Kondhwa Main Rd, Laxmi Nagar, Betal Nagar, Kondhwa, Pune, Maharashtra, 411048, India
| | | | - Kumaraswamy Gandla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chaitanya (Deemed to Be University), Himayath Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500075, India
| | - Muniya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23561, Pakistan.
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medinah Al-Monawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassam Oudh Aljohny
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Asghari G, Yuzbashian E, Najd-Hassan-Bonab L, Mirmiran P, Daneshpour MS, Azizi F. Association of rs2282679 polymorphism in vitamin D binding protein gene (GC) with the risk of vitamin D deficiency in an iranian population: season-specific vitamin D status. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:217. [PMID: 37814286 PMCID: PMC10563356 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies in Western countries indicate a considerable impact of variations in vitamin D binding protein (GC) genes on serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). We aimed to investigate an association between rs2282679 polymorphism in GC and vitamin D deficiency. METHODS A cross-sectional study conducted in the framework of the Tehran Cardio-Metabolic Genetic Study (TCGS) cohort. A total of 1568 participants aged > 18 years were randomly selected, and their 25(OH) D concentration was measured. Vitamin D deficiency was assessed concerning rs2282679 by descriptive and multivariate analysis, odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) calculated. Since the interaction term between rs2282679 and recruitment season was significant, we performed regression analysis separately for individuals whose blood was taken in high sunny and those whose blood was drawn in the low sunny season. RESULTS The rs2282679 polymorphism was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05) in the studied population. The serum concentration of 25(OH) D median was 15.0 ng/mL, and the prevalence of VDD was 27.8%. The presence of the G allele in rs2282679 increases the risk of VDD in additive (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.06-1.73) and dominant (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.06-1.68) genetic models. After separating participants based on the recruitment season, the unfavorable association was observed in the additive and dominant only in the low sunny season. CONCLUSION The finding of the current study indicates that the GC rs2282679 SNP is associated with vitamin D deficiency. It seems that the impact of risk allele increased in the low sunny season when UV exposure has been declined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golaleh Asghari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emad Yuzbashian
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Najd-Hassan-Bonab
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19195-4763, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam S Daneshpour
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19195-4763, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Li R, Li Y, Fan Z, Liu Z, Lin J, He M. L-shaped association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in older people with chronic kidney disease: results from the NHANES database prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1260. [PMID: 37380964 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was conducted to assess the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in older people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the United States. METHODS We identified 3230 CKD participants aged ≥ 60 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2018). CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Mortality outcomes were determined by linkage to National Death Index (NDI) records through December 31, 2019. Restricted cubic spline based on Cox regression models were utilized to elucidate the nonlinear relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and mortality in patients with CKD. RESULTS During median 74 months of follow-up, 1615 all-cause death and 580 CVD death were recorded. We found an L-shaped association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and all-cause and CVD mortality, reaching a plateau at 90 nmol/L. Accordingly, per one-unit increment in natural log-transformed 25(OH)D was associated with a 32% and 33% reduced risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.68; 95%CI, 0.56 to 0.83) and CV mortality (HR 0.69; 95%CI, 0.49 to 0.97) in participants with serum 25(OH)D < 90 nmol/L, but no considerable difference was observed in participants with serum 25(OH)D ≥ 90 nmol/L. Compared with those in the deficiency group (< 50 nmol/L), insufficient (50 to < 75 nmol/L) and sufficient group (≥ 75 nmol/L) were significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR,0.83; 95%CI, 0.71 to 0.97 and HR, 0.75; 95%CI, 0.64 to 0.89) and CV mortality (HR,0.87; 95%CI, 0.68 to 1.10 and HR, 0.77; 95%CI, 0.59 to < 1.0), respectively. CONCLUSION An L-shaped relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels with all-cause and CVD mortality was observed in elderly CKD patients in the United States. A 25(OH)D concentration of 90 nmol/L may be the target to reduce the risk of premature death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rugang Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 133 South Huimin Road, Shaoguan, 512026, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Nephrology, Haikou Municipal People's Hospital and Central South University Xiangya Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Zhongcheng Fan
- Department of Osteology, Haikou Municipal People's Hospital and Central South University Xiangya Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Zhaoqi Liu
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Juhua Lin
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 133 South Huimin Road, Shaoguan, 512026, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, Guangdong, China.
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Saati-Zarei A, Damirchi A, Tousi SMTR, Babaei P. Myocardial angiogenesis induced by concurrent vitamin D supplementation and aerobic-resistance training is mediated by inhibiting miRNA-15a, and miRNA-146a and upregulating VEGF/PI3K/eNOS signaling pathway. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:541-555. [PMID: 36689014 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02788-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of co-treatment of aerobic-resistance training (ART), vitamin D3 (VD3) on cardiovascular function considering the involvement of microRNA-15a and microRNA-146a, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. To induce MI, male Wistar rats subcutaneously received isoproterenol for 2 days, then MI was confirmed by echocardiography. MI rats were divided into six groups (n = 8/group). MI + VD3, MI + sesame oil (Veh), MI + ART, MI + VD3 + ART, and MI + Veh + ART, and received the related treatments for 8 weeks. Exercise tests, echocardiography, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and histological staining were performed after the end of treatments. The highest ejection fraction (EF%), fractional shortening (FS%), exercise capacity (EC), and maximal load test (MLT) amounts were observed in the groups treated with VD3, ART, and VD3 + ART (P < 0.05). These were accompanied by a significantly increased angiogenesis post-MI. Furthermore, the levels of circulating microRNA-15a and microRNA-146a were significantly decreased in these groups compared to MI rats that were together with a significant upregulation of cardiac VEGF, PI3K, and eNOS expression. Overall, the best results were observed in the group treated with VD3 + ART. Concurrent VD3 supplementation and ART attenuated microRNA-15a and microRNA-146a and induced angiogenesis via VEGF/PI3K/eNOS axis. This data demonstrate that concurrent VD3 supplementation and ART is a more efficient strategy than monotherapy to improve cardiac function post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Saati-Zarei
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arsalan Damirchi
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghi Razavi Tousi
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Parvin Babaei
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. .,Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht , Iran. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Candiani A, Diana G, Martoccia M, Travaglia F, Giovannelli L, Coïsson JD, Segale L. Microencapsulation of a Pickering Oil/Water Emulsion Loaded with Vitamin D3. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030255. [PMID: 36975704 PMCID: PMC10048092 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The ionotropic gelation technique was chosen to produce vitamin D3-loaded microparticles starting from oil-in-water (O/W) Pickering emulsion stabilized by flaxseed flour: the hydrophobic phase was a solution of vitamin D3 in a blend of vegetable oils (ω6:ω3, 4:1) composed of extra virgin olive oil (90%) and hemp oil (10%); the hydrophilic phase was a sodium alginate aqueous solution. The most adequate emulsion was selected carrying out a preliminary study on five placebo formulations which differed in the qualitative and quantitative polymeric composition (concentration and type of alginate selected). Vitamin D3-loaded microparticles in the dried state had a particle size of about 1 mm, 6% of residual water content and excellent flowability thanks to their rounded shape and smooth surface. The polymeric structure of microparticles demonstrated to preserve the vegetable oil blend from oxidation and the integrity of vitamin D3, confirming this product as an innovative ingredient for pharmaceutical and food/nutraceutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Candiani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giada Diana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Manuel Martoccia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Fabiano Travaglia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Lorella Giovannelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Jean Daniel Coïsson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Lorena Segale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Martinelli RP, Rayego-Mateos S, Alique M, Márquez-Expósito L, Tejedor-Santamaria L, Ortiz A, González-Parra E, Ruiz-Ortega M. Vitamin D, Cellular Senescence and Chronic Kidney Diseases: What Is Missing in the Equation? Nutrients 2023; 15:1349. [PMID: 36986078 PMCID: PMC10056834 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As life expectancy increases in many countries, the prevalence of age-related diseases also rises. Among these conditions, chronic kidney disease is predicted to become the second cause of death in some countries before the end of the century. An important problem with kidney diseases is the lack of biomarkers to detect early damage or to predict the progression to renal failure. In addition, current treatments only retard kidney disease progression, and better tools are needed. Preclinical research has shown the involvement of the activation of cellular senescence-related mechanisms in natural aging and kidney injury. Intensive research is searching for novel treatments for kidney diseases as well as for anti-aging therapies. In this sense, many experimental shreds of evidence support that treatment with vitamin D or its analogs can exert pleiotropic protective effects in kidney injury. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency has been described in patients with kidney diseases. Here, we review recent evidence about the relationship between vitamin D and kidney diseases, explaining the underlying mechanisms of the effect of vitamin D actions, with particular attention to the modulation of cellular senescence mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina P. Martinelli
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Matilde Alique
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Márquez-Expósito
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Tejedor-Santamaria
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio González-Parra
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Mandal SK, Tare M, Deepa PR. COVID-19 infection and metabolic comorbidities: Mitigating role of nutritional sufficiency and drug - nutraceutical combinations of vitamin D. HUMAN NUTRITION & METABOLISM 2023; 31:200179. [PMID: 38620788 PMCID: PMC9762046 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2022.200179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The vulnerability of human health is amplified in recent times with global increase in non-communicable diseases (due to lifestyle changes and environmental insults) and infectious diseases (caused by newer pathogens and drug-resistance strains). Clinical management of diseases is further complicated by disease severity caused by other comorbid factors. Drug-based therapy may not be the sole approach, particularly in scenarios like the COVID-19 pandemic, where there is no specific drug against SARS-CoV-2. Nutritional interventions are significant in armouring human populations in disease prevention, and as adjunctive therapy for disease alleviation. Amidst ongoing clinical trials to determine the efficacy of Vit. D against infections and associated complications, this review examines the pleiotropic benefits of nutritional adequacy of vitamin D (Vit. D) in combating viral infections (COVID-19), its severity and complications due to co-morbidities (obesity, diabetes, stroke and Kawasaki disease), based on research findings and clinical studies. Supplements of Vit. D in combination with other nutrients, and drugs, are suggested as promising preventive-health and adjunct-treatment strategies in the clinical management of viral infections with metabolic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Meghana Tare
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - P R Deepa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
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Khater WA, Alfarkh MA, Allnoubani A. The Association Between Vitamin D Level and Chest Pain, Anxiety, and Fatigue in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Clin Nurs Res 2023; 32:639-647. [PMID: 36205377 DOI: 10.1177/10547738221126325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to assess the association between vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and chest pain, anxiety, and fatigue in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data from a sample of 90 participants with CAD. Serum 25OHD3 was measured using a radioimmunoassay procedure. Chest pain was assessed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, anxiety using the Anxiety Subscale, and fatigue by the General Fatigue subscale. The majority of participants (80%) had VDD. Results showed that the level of vitamin D was significantly negatively associated with chest pain (r = -.43, p = .00); anxiety (r = -.466, p = .00); and fatigue (r = -.25, p = .018). Findings suggest the role of VDD in heightened central sensitivity in cardiac-related symptoms such as chest pain, anxiety, and fatigue. Patients with CAD should be monitored for VDD so that the condition can be corrected.
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The Association between Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Preterm Infants ≤32 Weeks Gestational Age. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2023. [PMID: 37477281 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2023.2178866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels and the development of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in preterm infants. METHODS Newborns having a gestational age (GA) of ≤32 weeks with hsPDA consisted the study group (n = 25, 20%), while newborns ≤32 weeks of GA without PDA/hsPDA were the control group (n = 97, 80%). RESULTS The study group had lower GA, birth weight (BW) and 25-OHD levels (p < 0.0001, p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively). After adjusting for the effects of GA, BW and the presence of respiratory distress syndrome, multivariable logistic regression analyses demonstrated that preterm infants with low 25-OHD levels were 6.407 (95% CI: 1.656-24.788, p = 0.007) times more likely to experience hsPDA than preterm infants with normal 25-OHD levels. Every 1 ng/mL increase in 25-OHD levels decreased the probability of hsPDA (OR: 0.894, 95% CI: 0.816-0.98, p = 0.016). Conclusion: Low 25-OHD levels may have a role in the development of hsPDA.
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Sezgin Y, Department of Family Medicine, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, Hacıoğlu Y, Kaplan AK, drysezgin@gmail.com (YS), yalcin18@yahoo.com (YH), Department of Family Medicine, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; drysezgin@gmail.com (YS), yalcin18@yahoo.com (YH), Department of Family Medicine, Maltepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; askinkkaplan@gmail.com. Comparison of Serum Vitamin D Levels with Glucose, Lipid, and the Other Biochemical Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Study. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MILITARY MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2023.126.3.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
"Since vitamin D is synthesized from cholesterol, it is claimed to be associated with insulin resistance, suggesting that there may be an association between vitamin D glucose and lipids. For this reason, we aimed to investigate a relationship between vitamin D and biochemical parameters, including glucose and lipids. This cross-sectional study included 198 patients .admitted to the family medicine outpatient clinic between June and December 2016. There was no significant correlation between vitamin D and serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, calcium, magnesium, sodium, TSH, and body mass index values in both men and women. There was a correlation between vitamin D and total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels in the younger subjects below 41 years (p=0.002). Regression analysis with other variables showed no statistical significance between vitamin D levels on LDL-C levels (P=0.309). Despite previous studies, our study did not confirm the effects of vitamin D on serum glucose, lipid, calcium, and other biochemical parameters. However, these results suggest that the standard up-to-date literature showing the relationship between vitamin D and various metabolic and hormonal disorders may need to be confirmed by new large-scale studies. "
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Hussain A, Al Anazi F, Alanazi A, Alshahrani A, Alharbi NM, Aleshaiwy TA, Alomran YA, Alshehri RM, Alasmarei NA. The Relation between Atrial Fibrillation Cardioversion Success Rate with Vitamin D Level in Patients Underwent Elective Cardioversion in King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City for National Guards, Riyadh Saudi Arabia. Heart Views 2023; 24:17-23. [PMID: 37124431 PMCID: PMC10144415 DOI: 10.4103/heartviews.heartviews_80_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the relation between serum Vitamin D (Vit-D) levels and the success rate of cardioversion for atrial fibrillation (AF). To examine the association between Vit-D level and successful cardioversion. This study also describes the general characteristics of patients with successful cardioversion. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, patients with AF who were treated using electrical cardioversion at King Abdulaziz Cardiovascular Center (KACC) between 2010 and 2021 were included. The information on demographic and clinical characteristics as well as outcome variables was collected. Results Of 100 patients who were admitted to KACC during the study period, 63% were females and 9% were diagnosed with Vit-D deficiency. Furthermore, 66% of patients had successful cardioversion. Moreover, no significant difference in Vit-D deficiency was observed between patients who had successful cardioversion and those with unsuccessful outcomes (P = 0.485). Conclusions There is no association between serum Vit-D levels and the success rate of cardioversion in patients with AF. However, further studies are needed for more conclusive evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwahab Hussain
- King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, KAMC National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al Anazi
- Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, KSAU-HS, KAMC National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amirah Alanazi
- Department of Nursing, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, KAMC National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alshahrani
- Department of Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, KSAU-HS, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Mohammed Alharbi
- Department of Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, KSAU-HS, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Adel Aleshaiwy
- Department of Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, KSAU-HS, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Abdulkareem Alomran
- Department of Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, KSAU-HS, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafi Mohemmed Alshehri
- Department of Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, KSAU-HS, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Abdullah Alasmarei
- Department of Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, Invasive Cardiovascular Technology, KSAU-HS, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Isidorio UDA, de Assis EV, Lacerda SNB, Feitosa ADNA, Alves BDCA, Gascón T, da Veiga GL, Fonseca FLA. Relationship between Lifestyle and Residence Area with 25(OH)D Levels in Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:407. [PMID: 36612728 PMCID: PMC9819462 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the habitat of older adults living in the urban and rural areas is a contributing factor to altered serum 25(OH)D levels. An analytical, cross-sectional research with a quantitative approach was conducted in the upper backwoods of Paraíba with older adults registered at the Reference Center for Social Assistance (CRAS), addressing residents of both rural area (n = 41) and urban area (n = 43) who were randomly chosen to participate in the study. Data collection took place between January and February 2020. Higher rates of handgrip strength were observed in rural older adults (29.22 ± 8.92 Kgf) with serum 25(OH)D levels in the range of 30 to 40 ng/mL when compared to older adults with concentrations below 30 ng/mL (21.82 ± 5.00 Kgf) and above 40 ng/mL (23.47 ± 6.88 Kgf). Older people living in the urban area, with 25(OH)D levels above 40 ng/mL, presented a lower muscle power index when compared to individuals with vitamin levels from 21 to 29 ng/mL (17.40 ± 6.34 s; 15.33 ± 2.00 s). The urbanization associated with 25(OH)D levels can cause changes in skeletal and respiratory muscle strength, because the habitat associated with 25(OH)D levels affects the parameters of muscle strength of the upper limbs for older adults living in a rural area and the muscle strength of the lower limbs for those living in an urban area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubiraídys de Andrade Isidorio
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade Santa Maria de Cajazeiras, Cajazeiras 58900-000, Brazil
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil
| | - Elisangela Vilar de Assis
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade Santa Maria de Cajazeiras, Cajazeiras 58900-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Thais Gascón
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
- Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
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41
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Mehta A, Chokka D, N. S, Seshu A, R. P, M. MP. Correlation of vitamin D level and severity of coronary artery disease. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i5.1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in India is continuously on the rise owing to the socioeconomic changes the country is undergoing. In order to minimise the mortality due to cardiovascular disease, early detection and control of modifiable risk factors is of utmost importance. We evaluated the correlation of vitamin D deficiency, one such possible modifiable risk factor, and the severity of CAD in patients at a hospital in Southern Karnataka. Unfortunately, relevant data regarding vitamin D deficiency in coronary artery disease pertaining to the Indian subcontinent is scarce. Thus, the results of our study can provide further evidence for the potential therapeutic benefit of Vitamin D in patients with cardiovascular risk factors, which in the long run can significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality of CAD.
Materials and Methods: A case-control study with 142 subjects was conducted in Kasturba Hospital. Based on coronary angiogram findings, cases were categorised as having single, double, triple or multi vessel disease. Vitamin D level was quantified into 3 categories: normal (>30ng/ml), insufficient (20-30ng/ml) and deficient (<20ng/ml).
Results: Vitamin D deficiency was statistically significantly and inversely related to the number of vessels involved (multi vessel disease-83.3%, triple vessel disease-80%, double vessel disease-28.6% and single vessel disease-21.7%). The relationship between vitamin D levels and syntax scoring showed a negative correlation (-0.339). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the severity of CAD was correlated to diabetes and vitamin D deficiency with p-value of 0.014.
Conclusion: Both our results and those of previous studies suggest that vitamin D could have a potential therapeutic effect in CAD.
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Xiao Q, Cai B, Yin A, Huo H, Lan K, Zhou G, Shen L, He B. L-shaped association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in individuals with osteoarthritis: results from the NHANES database prospective cohort study. BMC Med 2022; 20:308. [PMID: 36127705 PMCID: PMC9490951 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between vitamin D status and mortality in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) is unknown. This study investigated the associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among American adults with OA. METHODS This study included 2556 adults with OA from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2014). Death outcomes were ascertained by linkage to National Death Index (NDI) records through 31 December 2015. Cox proportional hazards model and two-piecewise Cox proportional hazards model were used to elucidate the nonlinear relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and mortality in OA patients, and stratified analyses were performed to identify patients with higher mortality risk. RESULTS During 16,606 person-years of follow-up, 438 all-cause deaths occurred, including 74 cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related and 78 cancer deaths. After multivariable adjustment, lower serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly and nonlinearly associated with higher risks of all-cause and CVD mortality among participants with OA. Furthermore, we discovered L-shaped associations between serum 25(OH)D levels and all-cause and CVD mortality, with mortality plateauing at 54.40 nmol/L for all-cause mortality and 27.70 nmol/L for CVD mortality. Compared to participants with 25(OH)D levels below the inflection points, those with higher levels had a 2% lower risk for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96-0.99) and 17% lower risk for CVD mortality (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.72-0.95). CONCLUSIONS Nonlinear associations of serum 25(OH)D levels with all-cause and CVD mortality were observed in American patients with OA. The thresholds of 27.70 and 54.40 nmol/L for CVD and all-cause mortality, respectively, may represent intervention targets for lowering the risk of premature death and cardiovascular disease, but this needs to be confirmed in large clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anwen Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanhuan Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Keke Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linghong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ben He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Park JY, Kim JH, Sim YJ, Jeong HJ, Lee JH, Kim GC. The association between the serum vitamin D levels and the stroke lesion size, functional ability, and cognition in elderly Korean ischemic stroke patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e04086. [PMID: 36107604 PMCID: PMC9439740 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to confirm the association between the serum vitamin D levels and ischemic stroke lesion size, functional ability, and cognitive function in elderly ischemic stroke patients. This study included Korean ischemic stroke patients aged 65 to 85 years. The size of the lesion was measured in brain images taken within 24 hours of hospitalization. The level of 25-(OH) Vitamin D (ng/mL), a metabolite of vitamin D, in the serum collected within 48 hours of hospitalization, and the modified Barthel index (MBI), gait performance, the muscle power of hip and knee extensors on the hemiplegic side, and mini-mental status examination (MMSE) were recorded within 1 week of the onset of the disease. Each factor was compared through correlation analysis, and the significance was confirmed using the Spearman correlation coefficient method. The association between the serum vitamin D levels and the size of the ischemic stroke lesion, the MBI, gait performance, the muscle power of hip and knee extensors on the hemiplegic side, and the MMSE were analyzed. It was confirmed that there was a significant correlation between all the factors (P < .005). In patients with serum vitamin D levels of ≥ 30 ng/mL, both the functional ability and cognitive functions were better than in patients lower than 30 ng/mL. We confirmed the lower the level of serum vitamin D levels, the larger the size of the ischemic stroke lesion when it occurred in elderly Koreans. And we confirmed that serum vitamin D levels affected the functional ability and cognitive function. And we recommend that elderly Koreans should maintain their blood vitamin D level above 30 ng/mL. We believe that this will help preserve the functional ability and cognitive function when ischemic stroke occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Park
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
| | - Ju Hyeon Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
| | - Young Joo Sim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
| | - Ho Joong Jeong
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
| | - Jae Hyun Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
| | - Ghi Chan Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital
- *Correspondence: Ghi Chan Kim, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, 262 Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, Korea 49267 (e-mail: )
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khan B, Shafiq H, Abbas S, Jabeen S, Khan SA, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Alruwaili NW, al-disi D, Alenezi S, Parveen Z, Razak S. Vitamin D status and its correlation to depression. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2022; 21:32. [PMID: 35982462 PMCID: PMC9389668 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-022-00406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D can influence more than 200 genes in various tissues showing its credibility among the fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamin D deficiency is directly proportional to major clinical conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, malignancy, and multiple sclerosis. This study was conducted to determine the vitamin D level of individuals and its association with depression. METHODS Vitamin D levels of 100 healthy and 100 depressed subjects were determined. The isolated subjects were screened on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scale and divided into three groups according to their age. Group-I comprised subjects of age 20 years and below, Group-II included subjects of age 21 to 60, and Group-III comprised subjects of ≥ 61 years of age. A sufficient level of vitamin D in normal subjects was noted, while mild deficiency of vitamin D status was observed in depressed subjects. RESULTS Our study has reported a higher percentage of vitamin D deficiency in the Peshawar region. The results of our study indicated that depression was common in individuals having vitamin D deficiency. CONCLUSIONS The study showed a very high frequency of vitamin D deficiency in subjects with depression in Peshawar, Pakistan. The deficiency of vitamin D was observed more in females as compared to males. Further studies should explicate whether the highly widespread vitamin D deficiency could be cost-effectively treated as part of preventive or treatment interventions for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Huma Shafiq
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle University United Kingdom, Newcastle, England
| | - Seyyedha Abbas
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Summeira Jabeen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sikandar Ali Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf W. Alruwaili
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dara al-disi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alenezi
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle University United Kingdom, Newcastle, England
| | | | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Vitamin D and the Kidney: Two Players, One Console. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169135. [PMID: 36012412 PMCID: PMC9409427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D belongs to the group of liposoluble steroids mainly involved in bone metabolism by modulating calcium and phosphorus absorption or reabsorption at various levels, as well as parathyroid hormone production. Recent evidence has shown the extra-bone effects of vitamin D, including glucose homeostasis, cardiovascular protection, and anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects. This narrative review provides an overall view of vitamin D’s role in different settings, with a special focus on chronic kidney disease and kidney transplant.
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Pei YY, Zhang Y, Peng XC, Liu ZR, Xu P, Fang F. Association of Vitamin D Supplementation with Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:3158. [PMID: 35956336 PMCID: PMC9370368 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND low vitamin D status has been associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events. However, whether vitamin D supplementation would reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events remains unclear. PURPOSE To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the mortality and incidence of cardiovascular events. DATA SOURCES We searched Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from their inception until 3 May 2022. STUDY SELECTION Two authors searched for randomized clinical trials that reported vitamin D supplementation's effect on cardiovascular events outcomes. DATA EXTRACTION Two authors conducted independent data extraction. DATA SYNTHESIS We identified 41,809 reports; after exclusions, 18 trials with a total of 70,278 participants were eligible for analysis. Vitamin D supplementation was not associated with the mortality of cardiovascular events (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.88-1.06, I2 = 0%), the incidence of stroke (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.92-1.20, I2 = 0%), myocardial infarction (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.87-1.09, I2 = 0%), total cardiovascular events (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.91-1.04, I2 = 27%), or cerebrovascular events (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.87-1.18, I2 = 0%). LIMITATION Cardiovascular events were the secondary outcome in most trials and thus, might be selectively reported. CONCLUSION In this meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials, vitamin D supplementation was not associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events than no supplementation. These findings do not support the routine use of vitamin D supplementation in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yan Pei
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.-Y.P.); (X.-C.P.); (Z.-R.L.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China;
| | - Xing-Chen Peng
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.-Y.P.); (X.-C.P.); (Z.-R.L.)
| | - Zhe-Ran Liu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.-Y.P.); (X.-C.P.); (Z.-R.L.)
| | - Ping Xu
- Sichuan University Library, Chengdu 610044, China;
| | - Fang Fang
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.-Y.P.); (X.-C.P.); (Z.-R.L.)
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Liu Y, Shi L, Lin Y, Zhang M, Chen F, Li A, Liu Y. Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and target organ damage in children with essential hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2022; 36:604-609. [PMID: 34999719 PMCID: PMC9287164 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-021-00622-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have shown that 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D), a kind of active vitamin D in the human body, plays a role in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Low serum 25(OH) D levels have been found to be associated with elevated blood pressure (BP) in adults. However, measurement of 25(OH) D in hypertensive children has not been documented. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between 25(OH) D and target organ damage (TOD) in children with essential hypertension. We recruited a total of 346 children with essential hypertension and analyzed the correlation between serum 25(OH) D and TOD. Serum 25(OH) D concentration was significantly lower in the TOD than in the no-TOD group (t = 2.416, P = 0.016), as well as significantly lower in the two-organ damage than in the single-organ damage group (t = 3.140, P = 0.002). Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC) indicated that serum 25(OH) D levels were negatively correlated with left ventricular mass index (LVMI; r = -0.110, P = 0.041) and albuminuria (r = -0.120, P = 0.026). Linear- regression analysis showed that 25(OH) D was a risk factor for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH; β ± s.e. =-0.074 ± 0.036; 95% confidence interval [CI], - 0.145 to -0.003; P < 0.001) and renal damage (β ± s.e.= -0.018 ± 0.008; 95% CI, - 0.035 to -0.002; P = 0.004). In total, our data revealed that serum 25(OH) D was independently associated with hypertensive cardiac and renal damage, meaning that it was a risk factor for LVH and albuminuria in childhood hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 100020, Beijing, China.
| | - Yao Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Aijie Li
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 100020, Beijing, China
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Scorza CA, de Almeida ACG, Finsterer J, Fiorini AC, M Fonseca MC, Scorza FA. Low Vitamin D is Linked to Cardiac Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease. Neurol India 2022; 70:1726-1727. [PMID: 36076708 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.355174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla A Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência. Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio-Carlos G de Almeida
- Laboratório de Neurociência Experimental e Computacional, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Brazil
| | - Josef Finsterer
- Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Messerli Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana C Fiorini
- Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduado em Fonoaudiologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C M Fonseca
- Departamento de Ginecologia. Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fulvio A Scorza
- Disciplina de Neurociência. Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
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Effat Fakhry E, Tawfik Ibrahim M. Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and success of cardioversion in patients with atrial fibrillation. Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2022; 33:209-216. [PMID: 35258692 DOI: 10.1007/s00399-022-00846-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Vitamin D deficiency has been found to increase vulnerability to AF. The authors aimed to determine the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and cardioversion success in AF patients. METHODS The study included 200 persistent AF patients presenting for cardioversion. Serum vitamin D level was sampled on admission. The success of cardioversion was assessed and patients divided into two groups: successful or failed (group I and II, respectively). Vitamin D level was assessed and patients were divided into three groups: deficient, insufficient, and sufficient vitamin D level. Cardioversion was performed pharmacologically or electrically. Failure of cardioversion was defined as: (1) detection of AF rhythm in 12-lead ECG recording immediately after cardioversion or within 6‑month follow-up, or (2) ECG Holter monitoring of AF lasting > 30 s at 6‑month follow-up. RESULTS There was a highly statistically significant difference in baseline serum vitamin D level between group I and group II (P-value < 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups in terms of vitamin D levels regarding age, gender, body mass index, smoking, and left atrial diameter. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that AF cardioversion failure was associated with vitamin D deficiency in patients without structural heart disease, while sufficient and insufficient vitamin D levels were associated with successful cardioversion. Therefore, vitamin D level assessment before cardioversion may help predict the success of cardioversion, and possible correction of deficient vitamin D levels may increase the chance of successful cardioversion.
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Kazemi E, Mansursamaei A, Rohani-Rasaf M, Sheibani H. Comparison of the cardiovascular system, clinical condition, and laboratory results in COVID-19 patients with and without vitamin D insufficiency. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:441. [PMID: 35525957 PMCID: PMC9077635 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum vitamin D levels may have a protective role against severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Studies have shown that deficiency in vitamin D may be a significant risk factor for poor outcomes. This study aims to compare the outcome and clinical condition of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection considering serum vitamin D levels. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 202 COVID-19 patients without known cardiovascular disease (reduced ejection fraction, uncontrolled arrhythmia, pericardial effusion, cardiac block, valvular disease, or hypertension) were included. Patients were divided into three groups of insufficient (< 30 ng/mL), normal (30 to 50 ng/mL), and high (> 50 ng/mL) serum vitamin D levels. Clinical outcome was defined as severe if invasive respiratory intervention and ICU admission was required. RESULTS The patients were divided into three groups based on their vitamin D level: 127 cases in the insufficient vitamin D group, 53 cases in the normal vitamin D group, and 22 cases in the high vitamin D group. The mean age of the population study was 56 years. Thirty-four patients had severe clinical outcomes. The distribution of this group was as follows: 21 patients in the insufficient vitamin D group (16.5%), eight patients in the normal vitamin D group (15.1%), and five patients in the high vitamin D group (22.7%); P = 0.74. No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of mortality rate (P = 0.46). Moreover, the mean of leukocytes (mean ± SD = 6873.5 ± 4236.2), ESR (mean ± SD = 38.42 ± 26.7), and CPK-MB (mean ± SD = 63 ± 140.7) were higher in the insufficient vitamin D group, but it was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The finding of the present study showed that vitamin D could not make a significant difference in cardiovascular systems, laboratory results, and severity of the disease in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Kazemi
- grid.444858.10000 0004 0384 8816Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Ali Mansursamaei
- grid.444858.10000 0004 0384 8816Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Marzieh Rohani-Rasaf
- grid.444858.10000 0004 0384 8816Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Hossein Sheibani
- grid.444858.10000 0004 0384 8816Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Imam Ave., Shahroud, 3616911151 Iran
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