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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Biol Chem. Jan 27, 2022; 13(1): 1-14
Published online Jan 27, 2022. doi: 10.4331/wjbc.v13.i1.1
Figure 3
Figure 3 Illustration of interleukin-12 and interleukin-23, as well as their receptors and downstream signaling pathways. IL-12 and IL-23 share the p40 subunit, while their receptors share the IL-12Rβ1 subunit. The binding of IL-12 to its receptor induces the activation of Jak2 and Tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2), which results in signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)4 phosphorylation. Activated STAT4 promotes the differentiation of naïve Th cells into Th1 cells, which subsequently produce IFN-γ that is required for the development of Th1 immune response. The binding of IL-23 to its receptor induces the activation of Jak2 and Tyk2, which results in STAT3 phosphorylation. IL-23 induces the expression of IL-17A, IL-17F, and/or IL-22 and stabilizes Th17 cells. STAT: Signal transducer and activator of transcription.