Pain and immune function in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery following stellate ganglion block with total intravenous anesthesia

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v16.i9.2961

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Sep 27, 2024 (publication date) through Feb 18, 2025

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Observational Study

World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2024; 16(9): 2961-2967
Published online Sep 27, 2024. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i9.2961

Table 1 Comparison of heart rate and mean arterial pressure between the two groups at different time points

Group	Index	Before admission	Immediately after intubation	At the time of skin cutting	The 60 minutes after surgery	At the end of surgery
Observation group	HR (beats/minute)	69.82 ± 8.26	78.28 ± 7.15^a^,^b	79.20 ± 7.24^a^,^b	80.14 ± 7.35^a^,^b	71.28 ± 8.61
	MAP (mmHg)	82.84 ± 6.36	92.18 ± 7.28^a^,^b	93.58 ± 7.52^a^,^b	92.04 ± 6.86^a^,^b	83.10 ± 7.10
Control group	HR (beats/minute)	70.04 ± 8.28	86.86 ± 8.15^a	85.82 ± 8.20^a	86.20 ± 8.42^a	71.08 ± 7.52
	MAP (mmHg)	83.04 ± 6.48	101.28 ± 7.58^a	99.82 ± 7.50^a	96.82 ± 6.96^a	84.01 ± 7.15

^aP < 0.05, compared with admission within the same group.

^bP < 0.05, compared with the control group.

HR: Heart rate; MAP: Mean arterial pressure.

Table 2 Comparison of postoperative numerical rating scale scores between the two groups

Group	The 2 hours after surgery	The 12 hours after surgery	The 24 hours after surgery	The 48 hours after surgery
Observation group	2.48 ± 0.82	3.18 ± 1.04	2.82 ± 1.01	2.08 ± 0.68
Control group	2.53 ± 0.85	3.24 ± 1.05	2.90 ± 1.02	2.13 ± 0.71
t value	0.317	0.304	0.417	0.381
P value	0.752	0.762	0.677	0.704

Table 3 Comparison of immunological indices between the two groups

Group	CD3⁺		CD4⁺		CD8⁺		CD4⁺/CD8⁺
	The 1 day before surgery	After surgery	The 1 day before surgery	After surgery	The 1 day before surgery	After surgery	The 1 day before surgery	After surgery
Observation group	52.43 ± 4.18	51.80 ± 4.20	36.10 ± 6.25	35.92 ± 6.20	24.10 ± 2.18	24.84 ± 2.36	1.50 ± 0.28	1.48 ± 0.26
Control group	51.80 ± 4.20	46.02 ± 3.96^a	35.89 ± 6.36	30.13 ± 6.18^a	23.86 ± 2.20	27.86 ± 2.41^a	1.51 ± 0.30	1.08 ± 0.21^a
t value	0.796	7.493	0.176	4.950	0.580	6.700	0.182	8.956
P value	0.428	< 0.001	0.860	< 0.001	0.563	< 0.001	0.856	< 0.001

^aP < 0.001, indicate significant differences between the two groups at the corresponding time point.

Table 4 Comparison of anesthetic conditions between the two groups

Group	Propofol dosage (mg)	Recovery time (minute)	Extubation time (minute)
Observation group	958.83 ± 25.82	18.04 ± 4.28	22.48 ± 3.36
Control group	961.20 ± 27.30	17.89 ± 4.36	23.04 ± 3.48
t value	0.472	0.184	0.866
P value	0.638	0.855	0.388

Citation: Wu Z, Cai HQ, Wang CF, Yu XY, Wang JQ. Pain and immune function in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery following stellate ganglion block with total intravenous anesthesia. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16(9): 2961-2967
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v16/i9/2961.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v16.i9.2961