Effects of cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy on prognosis of patients with advanced gallbladder cancer

Table 1 Baseline data

Factors		Control group (n = 44)	Research group (n = 36)	χ2 value	P value
Age	< 60 yr	17	19	1.600	0.205
	≥ 60 yr	27	17
Gender	Male	18	18	0.661	0.416
	Female	26	18
Tumor staging	Stage III	21	15	0.293	0.587
	Stage IV	23	21
Differentiation degree	Low	24	12	3.600	0.057
	Moderate	20	24
Comorbid stones	Yes	39	29	1.014	0.313
	No	5	7
Tumor size	< 5 cm	25	22	0.150	0.698
	≥ 5 cm	19	14
Lymph node metastasis	Yes	37	29	0.171	0.678
	No	7	7
Nerve invasion	Yes	27	20	0.275	0.599
	No	17	16
Distant metastasis	Yes	30	23	0.163	0.686
	No	14	13
Vascular invasion	Yes	22	16	0.245	0.620
	No	22	20

Table 2 Adverse reaction statistics

Group	Abdominal distension	Seroperitoneum	Jaundice	Infection	Total occurrence
Control (n = 44)	4	4	4	2	14
Study (n = 36)	2	1	0	1	5
χ2 value	-	-	-	-	4.869
P value	-	-	-	-	0.027a

^aP < 0.05.

Table 3 Univariate Cox regression analysis results

Factors	β	SE	χ2 value	P value	HR	95%CI
						Lower limit	Upper limit
Age	0.111	0.253	0.195	0.659	1.118	0.681	1.834
Sex	-0.308	0.255	1.460	0.227	0.735	0.446	1.211
Tumor staging	1.212	0.271	19.953	< 0.001b	3.360	1.974	5.719
Differentiation degree	0.255	0.251	1.026	0.311	1.290	0.788	2.111
Comorbid stones	0.126	0.360	0.122	0.727	1.134	0.560	2.296
Tumor size	-0.218	0.254	0.739	0.390	0.804	0.489	1.322
Lymph node metastasis	1.380	0.469	8.650	0.003a	3.976	1.585	9.977
Nerve invasion	0.345	0.257	1.794	0.180	1.411	0.853	2.336
Distant metastasis	1.143	0.308	13.73	< 0.001b	3.135	1.713	5.739
Vascular invasion	0.797	0.260	9.360	0.002a	2.218	1.332	3.696
Treatment plan	0.740	0.262	7.960	0.005a	2.095	1.253	3.503

^aP < 0.01.

^bP < 0.001.

CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio; SE: Standard error.

Table 4 Multivariate Cox regression analysis results

Factors	β	SE	χ2 value	P value	HR	95% CI
						Lower limit	Upper limit
Distant metastasis	0.802	0.319	6.309	0.012	2.230	1.193	4.171
Lymph node metastasis	0.449	0.509	0.777	0.378	1.566	0.578	4.247
Distant metastasis	0.900	0.312	8.289	0.004a	2.459	1.333	4.536
Vascular invasion	0.440	0.273	2.599	0.107	1.552	0.909	2.65
Treatment plan	1.068	0.282	14.377	< 0.001b	2.908	1.675	5.05

^aP < 0.01.

^bP < 0.001.

CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio; SE: Standard error.