Blood index panel for gastric cancer detection

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v14.i9.1026

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Sep 27, 2022 (publication date) through Feb 24, 2025

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2022; 14(9): 1026-1036
Published online Sep 27, 2022. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v14.i9.1026

Table 1 Comparison of tumor related detection index between gastric cancer and gastric polyp group

Indicator	Gastric polyp (n = 40)	Gastric cancer (n = 139)	P value
CEA	1.16 (1.55, 2.11)	1.11 (2.33, 5.11)	0.014
AFP	1.64 (2.63, 3.62)	1.43 (2.24, 3.23)	0.499
CA125	6.86 (9.91, 14.81)	8.56 (13.73, 24.39)	0.033
CA199	4.8 (7.74, 13.91)	5.07 (10.52, 29.36)	0.017
CA153	6.53 (9.3, 12.54)	6.42 (9.03, 13.15)	0.268
CA724	0.84 (1.34, 3.68)	1.43 (3.33, 11)	0.007
CY211	1.32 (1.67, 2.35)	1.7 (2.47, 4.46)	0.390
Ferr	63.86 (144.35, 268.48)	26.19 (79.3, 174.4)	0.176
NSE	8.39 (10.06, 11.87)	7.55 (9.27, 11.57)	0.732
SCC	0.43 (0.7, 1.08)	0.5 (0.7, 1)	0.247
PG1/2	1.3 (4.31, 6.26)	0.67 (2.98, 4.26)	0.008
PG2	7.65 (13.9, 29.68)	9.9 (19.3, 32.4)	0.199
PG1	12.83 (58.5, 115.93)	20.3 (53.8, 82)	0.255

CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; CA125: Carbohydrate antigen 125; CY211: Cytokeratin 211; Ferr: Ferritin; NSE: Neuron-specific enolase; SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma; PG: Pepsinogen.

Table 2 Comparison of clinical biochemical index gastric cancer and gastric polyp group

Indicator	Gastric polyp (n = 40)	Gastric cancer (n = 139)	P value
ALT	11.73 (15.75, 19.35)	10.7 (13.2, 18.3)	0.322
AST	13.93 (17.85, 20.45)	13.1 (15.6, 18.6)	0.252
TP	64.73 (69.4, 72.3)	61.9 (66.2, 69.4)	0.095
ALB	38.9 (41.5, 43.8)	36.5 (38.9, 41)	0.007
TB	8.75 (11.8, 14.95)	6.8 (9.4, 13.7)	0.116
DB	2.33 (3.65, 4.7)	2.4 (3.3, 4.9)	0.248
TBA	2.65 (4.4, 5.98)	2.6 (3.9, 7.4)	0.622
ALP	44.65 (66.85, 77.48)	56.2 (65.2, 81.9)	0.076
GGT	13.13 (16.05, 27.43)	13.3 (16.5, 24)	0.773
GLu	4.74 (5.27, 5.6)	4.72 (5, 5.49)	0.627
UN	4.37 (5.22, 6.49)	4.5 (5.21, 6.23)	0.812
Cr	58.83 (65.3, 75.15)	57.5 (68.2, 77.8)	0.838
UA	261.1 (301.15, 371.9)	228.4 (278.1, 330.5)	0.117
CHO	3.99 (4.34, 5.18)	3.56 (4.16, 4.68)	0.035
TG	1.2 (1.46, 1.81)	0.98 (1.25, 1.48)	0.017
CK	37.68 (55.9, 82.83)	38.6 (56.8, 76.1)	0.740
LDH	139.65 (153.85, 174.43)	118.1 (138, 158.9)	0.792
CKMB	3.15 (6.7, 10.73)	2.4 (6.2, 9.3)	0.357
Ca	2.16 (2.26, 2.34)	2.13 (2.19, 2.26)	0.025
P	1.31 (1.53, 1.81)	1.2 (1.36, 1.51)	0.008
Mg	0.82 (0.87, 0.94)	0.79 (0.85, 0.94)	0.188
K	3.76 (4.05, 4.41)	3.79 (3.99, 4.29)	0.319
Na	141.23 (143.7, 146.35)	141.3 (143.1, 144.5)	0.579
Cl	104.6 (106.6, 108.38)	103.3 (105.3, 106.9)	0.008
CO2	19.75 (22.15, 26.55)	22.3 (24.9, 27.3)	0.281
LP (a)	6.14 (17.34, 35.2)	9.51 (14.82, 26.13)	0.582
HDL	0.95 (1.12, 1.38)	0.83 (1.03, 1.15)	0.004
LDL	2.33 (2.77, 3.34)	1.98 (2.4, 2.93)	0.010
ApoA1	1.08 (1.32, 1.59)	0.96 (1.11, 1.24)	0.001
ApoB	0.7 (0.84, 1.04)	0.66 (0.77, 0.9)	0.021
CYS	0.91 (1, 1.17)	0.84 (0.96, 1.09)	0.816
SA	53.85 (61.4, 65.38)	55.8 (64.5, 70.6)	0.179
HCY	9.85 (13.47, 16.5)	10.63 (13.62, 17.74)	0.414
CRP	0.43 (0.9, 3.78)	0.7 (1.9, 5.4)	0.702
AMY	47.2 (56.9, 77.23)	40.9 (54.8, 68.1)	0.433
LPS	28.25 (34.85, 44.13)	28.2 (35.7, 44.5)	0.291
SOD	141.33 (164.3, 189.5)	108.3 (127.4, 157.4)	0.001
IMA	62.73 (66, 69.35)	56 (60.2, 63.6)	0.001

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; TP: Total protein; ALB: Albumin; TB: Total bilirubin; DB: Direct bilirubin; TBA: Total bile acid; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; GGT: γ-glutamyltransferase; Glu: Glucose; UN: Urea nitrogen; Cr: Creatinine; UA: Uric acid; CHO: Cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; CK: Creatine kinase; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; CKMB: Isoenzyme of creatine kinase; Ca: Calcium; P: Phosphorus; Mg: Magnesium; K: Potassium; Na: Sodium; Cl: Chlorine; CO₂: Carbon dioxide; LPa: Lipoprotein a; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein;, ApoA1: Apolipoprotein A1; CYS: Cysteine; SA: Sialic acid; HCY: Homocysteine; CRP: C-reactive protein; AMY: Amylase; LPS: Lipase; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; IMA: Ischemia-modified albumin.

Table 3 Comparison of cytokine index gastric cancer and gastric polyp group

Indicator	Gastric polyp (n = 40)	Gastric cancer (n = 139)	P value
GM-CSF	1.24 (2.7, 6.27)	0.01 (0.53, 2.32)	0.640
IFNγ	0.08 (0.25, 1.08)	0.01 (0, 0.82)	0.585
IL-10	2.14 (3.39, 5.24)	1.63 (4.06, 9.34)	0.326
IL-1β	0.02 (0.31, 1.14)	0.01 (0.08, 0.94)	0.905
IL-6	0.34 (0.94, 2.58)	0.1 (1.98, 7.16)	0.483
IL-8	23.73 (51.11, 112.94)	39.4 (62.55, 138.23)	0.697
MCP-1	321.54 (429.78, 594.82)	310.31 (448.27, 612.02)	0.993
TNFα	5.53 (7.09, 8.72)	5.7 (9.87, 16.6)	0.001

GM-CSF: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IFNγ: Interferon-γ; IL: Interleukin; MCP-1: Monocyte chemoattractant protein; TNFα: Tumor necrosis factor α.

Table 4 Diagnostic value evaluation of single differential index for discriminating the gastric cancer and gastric polyp group

Indicator	AUC	P value	Lower	Upper
CEA	0.627	0.014	0.543	0.712
CA125	0.637	0.008	0.546	0.729
CA199	0.592	0.078	0.500	0.683
CA724	0.702	< 0.001	0.614	0.789
PG1/2	0.628	0.014	0.517	0.738
ALB	0.687	< 0.001	0.585	0.788
CHO	0.599	0.057	0.499	0.700
TG	0.655	0.003	0.561	0.748
Ca	0.640	0.007	0.534	0.746
P	0.668	0.001	0.566	0.769
Cl	0.635	0.009	0.537	0.733
HDL	0.648	0.004	0.551	0.746
LDL	0.633	0.010	0.532	0.735
ApoA1	0.702	0.000	0.602	0.802
ApoB	0.609	0.036	0.505	0.714
SOD	0.755	< 0.001	0.676	0.834
IMA	0.790	< 0.001	0.705	0.875
TNFα	0.656	0.003	0.575	0d.736

CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA125: Carbohydrate antigen 125; PG: Pepsinogen; ALB: Albumin; CHO: Cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; Ca: Calcium; P: Phosphorus; Cl: Chlorine; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; ApoA1: Apolipoprotein A1; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; IMA: Ischemia-modified albumin; TNFα: Tumor necrosis factor α.

Table 5 Univariate and multivariate analysis of the differential index between gastric cancer and gastric polyp groups

Indicator	Univariate analysis					Multivariate analysis
Indicator	Wals	P value	Exp (B)	Lower	Upper	Wals	P value	Exp (B)	Lower	Upper
CEA	1.02	0.31	1.04	0.97	1.11
CA125	1.53	0.22	0.99	0.98	1.01
CA724	4.50	0.03	1.18	1.01	1.38	5.21	0.02	1.17	1.02	1.34
PG12	0.96	0.33	0.91	0.75	1.10
ALB	0.01	0.93	0.99	0.85	1.16
TG	0.79	0.37	0.64	0.23	1.72
Ca	0.01	0.91	0.84	0.04	19.42
P	4.45	0.03	0.15	0.03	0.88	7.05	0.01	0.13	0.03	0.58
Cl	2.73	0.10	0.85	0.71	1.03
HDL	0.34	0.56	2.09	0.17	25.09
LDL	0.10	0.76	0.84	0.27	2.60
ApoA1	2.42	0.12	0.09	0.00	1.86
ApoB	0.39	0.53	4.36	0.04	45.13
SOD	1.22	0.27	0.99	0.98	1.00
IMA	4.50	0.03	0.89	0.79	0.99	14.77	< 0.001	0.85	0.78	0.92
TNFα	3.07	0.08	1.08	0.99	1.19

Citation: Guo GH, Xie YB, Zhang PJ, Jiang T. Blood index panel for gastric cancer detection. World J Gastrointest Surg 2022; 14(9): 1026-1036
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v14/i9/1026.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v14.i9.1026