Effect of aluminum phosphate gel on prevention of early rebleeding after ligation of esophageal variceal hemorrhage

Table 1 Baseline data of the two groups

Characteristic	PPI group (n = 401)	PPI + APG group (n = 377)	P value
Age (yr)	53.55 ± 12.55	52.73 ± 13.35	0.376
Female/Male	83/318	73/304	0.642
MELD score	14.94 ± 3.05	15.19 ± 3.30	0.275
Prothrombin activity (%)	65.30 ± 15.26	65.70 ± 16.94	0.731
Fibrinogen (g/dL)	1.94 ± 0.68	2.00 ± 0.73	0.211
Platelet (109/L)	104.43 ± 69.88	97.67 ± 70.20	0.179
Albumin (g/dL)	3.39 ± 0.51	3.40 ± 0.52	0.682
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	8.92 ± 0.68	8.86 ± 0.69	0.229

PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; APG: Aluminum phosphate gel; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease.

Table 2 Main outcomes in the two groups, n (%)

Characteristic	PPI group (n = 401)	PPI + APG group (n = 377)	P value
Early rebleeding	30 (7.48)	9 (2.39)	0.001
Source of rebleeding
Esophageal ulcer	16 (3.99)	5 (1.33)	0.022
Esophageal varices	14 (3.49)	4 (1.06)	0.024
6-wk mortality	0	0	1.000

PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; APG: Aluminum phosphate gel.

Table 3 Other adverse events of the two groups

Characteristic	PPI group (n = 401)	PPI + APG group (n = 377)	P value
Total complications	63 (15.71)	28 (7.43)	< 0.001
Chest pain	56 (13.97)	9 (2.39)	< 0.001
Constipation	3 (0.75)	16 (4.24)	0.002
Spontaneous peritonitis	2	2	1.000
Hepatic encephalopathy	2	1	1.000

PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; APG: Aluminum phosphate gel.