Xanthogranulomatous appendicitis: A comprehensive literature review

Table 1 Summary of 29 articles involving 38 patients with xanthogranulomatous appendicitis published in the medical literature between 1992 and 2019

No.	Ref.	Year	Country	Language	Article type	Article type	Age	Sex	Clinical presentation	WBC
1	Quadri et al[15]	2019	United States	English	Case series	Full text	64	M	RLQ pain + palpable mass	NA
2	Yang et al[16]	2018	South Korea	English	Congress present	Full text	69	M	NA	NA
3	Al-Zaidi et al[36]	2018	India	English	Case report	Full text	48	M	RLQ pain	16000
4	Adhikari et al[4]	2019	India	English	Case report	Full text	49	F	RLQ pain + fever	12200
5	Kaushik et al[17]	2017	India	English	Case report	Full text	47	F	Abdominal pain, vomiting, fever	14000
6	Hoabam et al[10]	2017	India	English	Case report	Full text	56	F	RLQ pain	14000
7	Mehrotra et al[18]	2017	India	English	Case report	Full text	30	F	RLQ pain	Normal
8	Laiphrakpam et al[19]	2017	India	English	Case report	Full text	36	M	RLQ Pain	Normal
9	Nam et al[20]	2016	South Korea	English	Case report	Full text	23	F	Low abdominal pain	NA
10	Cavusoglu et al[21]	2016	Turkey	English	Case report	Full text	12	M	NA	NA
							11	M	NA	NA
11	Jusoh et al[5]	2016	Malaysia	English	Case report	Full text	16	M	RLQ pain	NA
12	Thapa et al[6]	2016	Nepal	English	Case report	Full text	19	F	RLQ pain	NA
13	Singh et al[7]	2015	India	English	Case report	Full text	21	F	RLQ pain	NA
14	Altay et al[22]	2015	Turkey	English	Case report	Full text	73	F	RLQ pain	Leukocytosis
15	Chandanwale et al[11]	2015	India	English	Case report	Full text	40	F	RLQ pain	NA
16	Montazer et al[23]	2014	Iran	English	Case report	Full text	29	F	RLQ pain	13000
17	Kochhar et al[24]	2014	India	English	Case report	Full text	50	M	RLQ pain + fever	24000
18	Al-Rawabdeh et al[12]	2013	United States	English	Case report	Full text	11	M	RLQ pain	4900
19	Mado et al[25]	2013	Japan	English	Image in surgery	Full text	78	M	RLQ pain	NA
20	Martinez-Garza et al[26]	2011	Spain	Spanish	Case report	Full text	30	F	RLQ pain	13700
21	Omer et al[8]	2011	Sudan	English	Case report	Full text	49	M	RLQ pain	NA
22	Omori et al[27]	2011	Japan	Japanese	Case report	Full text	57	F	RLQ pain	NA
23	Young et al[28]	2009	United States	English	Case report	Full text	32	F	RLQ pain	22000
24	Chuang et al[29]	2005	Taiwan	English	Case report	Abstract	39	M	RLQ pain	NA
25	Guo et al[30]	2003	United States	English	Original article	Full text	4	F	NA	NA
							12	M	NA	NA
							13	M	NA	NA
							3	M	NA	NA
							9	M	NA	NA
							29	F	NA	NA
							29	F	NA	NA
							27	M	NA	NA
26	Munichor et al[3]	2000	Israel	English	Case report	Full text	37	F	RLQ pain	12000
27	McVey et al[32]	1994	United States	English	Letter	Full text	40	F	RLQ pain	12100
28	Birch et al[13]	1993	United Kingdom	English	Brief report	Full text	51	M	Perineal pain	NA
							66	F	Right flank pain	20000
29	Rogers et al[9]	1992	United Kingdom	English	Case report	Full text	56	F	RLQ pain	NA

WBC: White blood cell; RLQ: Right lower quadrant.

Table 2 Introduction to 29 articles published in the medical literature from 1992 to 2019 involving 38 xanthogranulomatous appendicitis patients

No.	Preoperative Diagnosis	Surgical approach	Giant Cells	Plasma Cells	Eosinophils	CD68 Stain	Foamy Histiocytes
1	Mass	Right hemicolectomy	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
2	Perforated App	Appendectomy (Interval)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
3	Perforated App	Right hemicolectomy	Yes	Yes	NA	Yes	Yes
4	AAp	Appendectomy	Yes	Yes	Yes	NA	Yes
5	Neoplastic mass	Limited colon resection	Yes	Yes	Yes	NA	Yes
6	AAp	Appendectomy	Yes	Yes	NA	NA	Yes
7	AAp	Appendectomy	Yes	NA	NA	NA	Yes
8	AAp	Appendectomy	Yes	Yes	NA	NA	Yes
9	Chronic Ap or mucocele	Appendectomy	NA	NA	NA	Yes	Yes
10	Mass	Appendectomy (Interval)	Yes	Yes	NA	Yes	NA
	AAp	Appendectomy (Interval)	Yes	Yes	NA	NA	NA
11	AAp	Appendectomy (Interval)	Yes	NA	NA	NA	Yes
12	AAp	Appendectomy (Interval)	Yes	Yes	Yes	NA	Yes
13	AAp	Appendectomy	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
14	Mass	Appendectomy	NA	NA	NA	Yes	NA
15	Mass	Right hemicolectomy	Yes	Yes	NA	NA	Yes
16	AAp	Appendectomy	Yes	NA	NA	Yes	Yes
17	AAp	Right hemicolectomy + ileostomy	Yes	Yes	NA	NA	Yes
18	AAp	Appendectomy	Yes	Yes	NA	NA	NA
19	Mucocele	Ileocecal resection	NA	NA	NA	NA	Yes
20	AAp	Appendectomy	NA	NA	NA	NA	Yes
21	Mass	Appendectomy (Interval)	Yes	Yes	NA	NA	NA
22	Mass	Right hemicolectomy + right nephrectomy + oophorectomy	NA	Yes	NA	NA	Yes
23	AAp	Appendectomy (Interval)	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
24	Colitis of cecum	Right hemicolectomy	NA	NA	Yes	NA	NA
25	AAp	Appendectomy (Interval)	Yes	NA	NA	NA	NA
	AAp	Appendectomy (Interval)	No	NA	NA	NA	NA
	AAp	Appendectomy (Interval)	No	NA	NA	NA	NA
	AAp	Appendectomy (Interval)	No	NA	NA	NA	NA
	AAp	Appendectomy (Interval)	Yes	NA	NA	NA	NA
	AAp	Appendectomy (Interval)	No	NA	NA	NA	NA
	Subacute AAp.	Appendectomy (Interval)	No	NA	NA	NA	NA
	Subacute AAp.	Appendectomy (Interval)	Yes	NA	NA	NA	NA
26	AAp	Appendectomy	NA	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
27	Mass	Appendectomy (Interval)	NA	Yes	NA	NA	Yes
28	AAp	Appendectomy	NA	Yes	NA	NA	Yes
	Mass	Appendectomy	NA	Yes	NA	NA	Yes
29	Fistula	Appendectomy	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA