Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Dec 27, 2022; 14(12): 1340-1349
Published online Dec 27, 2022. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v14.i12.1340
Microbial spectrum and drug resistance of pathogens cultured from gallbladder bile specimens of patients with cholelithiasis: A single-center retrospective study
Xiao-Ming Huang, Zong-Jin Zhang, Nan-Rong Zhang, Jian-Dong Yu, Xiang-Jun Qian, Xian-Hua Zhuo, Jia-Yu Huang, Wei-Dong Pan, Yun-Le Wan
Xiao-Ming Huang, Xiang-Jun Qian, Wei-Dong Pan, Department of Pancreatic-Hepato-Biliary-Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
Xiao-Ming Huang, Zong-Jin Zhang, Jian-Dong Yu, Xiang-Jun Qian, Wei-Dong Pan, Yun-Le Wan, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
Zong-Jin Zhang, Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
Nan-Rong Zhang, Department of Anesthesiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
Jian-Dong Yu, Yun-Le Wan, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
Xian-Hua Zhuo, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong Province, China
Jia-Yu Huang, Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China
Author contributions: Huang XM, Zhang ZJ, and Zhang NR contributed equally to this study; Huang XM, Zhang ZJ, and Zhang NR contributed to study design, patient inclusion and exclusion, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, and manuscript writing; Yu JD, Qian XJ, Zhuo XH, and Huang JY contributed to data collection; Pan WD and Wan YL contributed equally to the work; Pan WD and Wan YL contributed to critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content and study supervision; all authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (Approval No. 2022ZSLYEC-352).
Informed consent statement: The informed consent was waived in these patients.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest to report.
Data sharing statement: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Yun-Le Wan, MD, PhD, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 26 Yuancun Erheng Road, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong Province, China. wanyunle@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Received: August 28, 2022
Peer-review started: August 28, 2022
First decision: September 12, 2022
Revised: September 26, 2022
Accepted: November 20, 2022
Article in press: November 20, 2022
Published online: December 27, 2022
Processing time: 120 Days and 17.7 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: In this work, we analyzed the microbial spectrum of the bile of cholelithiasis patients, and their drug susceptibility pattern. We found that the presence of common bile duct stones and longer operative duration were independent risk factors for positive bile culture for patients complicated with cholelithiasis. The most commonly detected bacterium was Escherichia coli. In addition, the combination of β-lactam antibiotics and β-lactamase inhibitors prescribed perioperatively appears to be effective against bile pathogens secondary to carbapenems or glycopeptides and is recommended, but its resistance should also be noted.