Published online Jan 27, 2024. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i1.228
Peer-review started: November 14, 2023
First decision: December 8, 2023
Revised: December 19, 2023
Accepted: December 29, 2023
Article in press: December 29, 2023
Published online: January 27, 2024
Processing time: 71 Days and 23.6 Hours
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a pleiotropic factor that participates in several physiological processes such as hematopoiesis, differentiation, regeneration, and inflammation, and pathological processes such as arthritis, ossification, dermatitis, fibrosis, gingivitis, and carcinogenesis.
Higher OSM levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) provided impetus for reviewing the outcomes of studies that evaluated the prognostic role of OSM in IBD patients.
The objective of this research was to systematically review relevant studies and perform meta-analyses of statistical indices for seeking current evidence about the role of OSM in IBD prognosis.
After a literature search in electronic databases, studies were identified for synthesis. Meta-analyses were performed to estimate standardized mean differences in OSM levels between responders and non-responders, and to pool correlations of OSM with other inflammatory biomarkers.
OSM levels were associated with disease severity and were significantly higher in non-responders, in non-remitters, and in patients with no mucosal healing after anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy. Area under receiver operator curve values showed considerable variability between studies but in general higher OSM levels were associated with poor prognosis. OSM had significant correlations with Simple Endoscopic Score of Crohn’s disease, Mayo Endoscopic Score, fecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein, and platelet count.
OSM can potentially determine IBD severity and can predict the outcomes of anti-tumor necrosis factor-based therapies.
Future studies may refine the outcomes reported herein. It could also be interesting to explore the role of OSM in achieving response to non-anti-TNF therapies.