Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Nov 27, 2023; 15(11): 2482-2489
Published online Nov 27, 2023. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i11.2482
Effects and mechanisms of nutritional interventions on extradigestive complications in obese patients
Li Jiang, Lu-Lian Xu, Yang Lu, Ke-Feng Gu, Shu-Yi Qian, Xi-Ping Wang, Xu Xu
Li Jiang, Lu-Lian Xu, Yang Lu, Ke-Feng Gu, Shu-Yi Qian, Xi-Ping Wang, Xu Xu, Department of Endocrine, Wuxi Children’s Hospital, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu Province, China
Co-first authors: Li Jiang and Lu-Lian Xu.
Author contributions: Jiang L, Xu LL, Lu Y, Gu KF, Qian SY, Wang XP, and Xu X designed the research study; Jiang L, Xu LL, Lu Y, Gu KF, Qian SY, Wang XP, and Xu X performed the research; Jiang L, Xu LL, and Xu X contributed new reagents and analytic tools; Jiang L, Xu LL, and Xu X analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; All authors have read and approved the final manuscript. Jiang L and Xu LL contributed equally to this work as co-first authors. The reasons for designating Jiang L and Xu LL as co-first authors are threefold. First, the research was performed as a collaborative effort, and the designation of co-first authors accurately reflects the distribution of responsibilities and burdens associated with the time and effort required to complete the study and the resultant paper. This also ensures effective communication and management of post-submission matters, ultimately enhancing the paper's quality and reliability. Second, the overall research team encompassed authors with a variety of expertise and skills from different fields, and the designation of co-first authors best reflects this diversity. This also promotes the most comprehensive and in-depth examination of the research topic, ultimately enriching readers' understanding by offering various expert perspectives. Third, Jiang L and Xu LL contributed efforts of equal substance throughout the research process. The choice of these researchers as co-first authors acknowledges and respects this equal contribution, while recognizing the spirit of teamwork and collaboration of this study. In summary, we believe that designating Jiang L and Xu LL as co-first authors of is fitting for our manuscript as it accurately reflects our team's collaborative spirit, equal contributions, and diversity.
Supported by Wuxi Municipal Health Commission Maternal and Child Health Research Project, No. FYKY202206.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the WuXi Children’s Hospital.
Informed consent statement: All study participants or their legal guardian provided informed written consent about personal and medical data collection prior to study enrolment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: We have no financial relationships to disclose.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Xu Xu, MD, Attending Doctor, Department of Endocrine, Wuxi Children’s Hospital, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu Province, China. xuxu02202@126.com
Received: August 30, 2023
Peer-review started: August 30, 2023
First decision: September 13, 2023
Revised: September 22, 2023
Accepted: October 23, 2023
Article in press: October 23, 2023
Published online: November 27, 2023
Processing time: 89 Days and 1.3 Hours
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research background

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of multiple extradigestive complications. Thus, understanding the global epidemiology of obesity and its relationship with extradigestive complications, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is important. Nutritional interventions can also positively manage obesity-associated issues.

Research motivation

In the present study, we aimed to determine the relationship between obesity and extradigestive complications and emphasize the importance of nutritional interventions in managing patients with obesity.

Research objectives

Hence, identification of the current high prevalence of extradigestive complications among patients with obesity and the potential role of nutritional interventions are essential.

Research methods

Overall, 110 patients with obesity admitted to our hospital from February 2020 to November 2022 and 100 healthy individuals were included in the present analysis. Information regarding demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, body mass index, indicators of extradigestive complications, dietary intake, and biomarkers, was collected. The study design, participant selection, interventions, and development of the nutritional intervention program were described. The collected data were analyzed to assess the effects of nutritional interventions on extradigestive complications.

Research results

As part of the nutritional intervention, the dietary structure was modified to decrease the saturated fatty acid and cholesterol intake and increase the dietary fiber and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake to improve the blood lipid levels and cardiovascular health. Mechanistic studies have shown that nutritional interventions positively affect mechanisms that regulate lipid metabolism, improve inflammatory markers in the blood, and improve vascular function.

Research conclusions

The present study explains the possible mechanisms by which nutritional interventions affect extradigestive complications in patients with obesity. Moreover, we discuss the consistency of the present results with previous findings to assess the clinical significance of the present findings.

Research perspectives

The study provides directions for future research on improving nutritional intervention strategies.