Basic Study
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World J Gastrointest Surg. Feb 27, 2025; 17(2): 94270
Published online Feb 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i2.94270
Comparative study of cylindrical vs circular ring magnets for colonic anastomosis in rats
Miao-Miao Zhang, Ai-Hua Shi, Oliver J Muensterer, Ibrahim Uygun, Yi Lyu, Xiao-Peng Yan
Miao-Miao Zhang, Yi Lyu, Xiao-Peng Yan, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
Miao-Miao Zhang, Ai-Hua Shi, Yi Lyu, Xiao-Peng Yan, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
Miao-Miao Zhang, Ai-Hua Shi, Yi Lyu, Xiao-Peng Yan, National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
Oliver J Muensterer, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital of the LMU Medical Center, Munich 80337, Germany
Ibrahim Uygun, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty of Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya 43040, Türkiye
Co-first authors: Miao-Miao Zhang and Ai-Hua Shi.
Co-corresponding authors: Yi Lyu and Xiao-Peng Yan.
Author contributions: Yan XP, Zhang MM and Lyu Y designed and coordinated the study; Zhang MM, Shi AH and Yan XP performed the research and acquired the data; Zhang MM and Shi AH analyzed the data; Shi AH tested and analyzed the magnetic test; Zhang MM and Yan XP wrote the manuscript; Yan XP, Muensterer OJ, Uygun I and Lyu Y conceived of the study and contributed to the study design, the interpretation of the results, and the critical revision of the manuscript; Yan XP and Zhang MM proposed the Yan-Zhang's Peripheral Decision Theory of digestive tract MCA; all authors read and approved the final manuscript. The reasons for designating Yan XP and Lyu Y as co-corresponding authors are as follows: Yan XP and Lyu Y have equal contributions in study design and making critical revisions to the manuscript. The two co-corresponding authors ensures effective communication and management of post-submission matters, ultimately enhancing the paper’s quality and reliability. Therefore, Yan XP and Lyu Y are designated as co-corresponding authors in this manuscript.
Supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi, No. 2024SF-YBXM-447; the Institutional Foundation of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 2022MS-07; and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, No. xzy022023068.
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: The study protocol and all experimental procedures were carried out strictly in accordance with the Guidelines for Care and Use of Experimental Animals issued by the Xi’an Jiaotong University Medical Center. This experimental study was approved by the Experimental Ethics Committee of Xi’an Jiaotong University (No. 2021-1534).
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: The authors declare that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article or from the corresponding authors upon request at yanxiaopeng9966@163.com.
ARRIVE guidelines statement: The authors have read the ARRIVE Guidelines, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the ARRIVE Guidelines.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Xiao-Peng Yan, MD, PhD, Associate Research Scientist, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China. yanxiaopeng9966@163.com
Received: March 14, 2024
Revised: November 17, 2024
Accepted: December 5, 2024
Published online: February 27, 2025
Processing time: 313 Days and 20.1 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) offers a simple and reliable technique for inducing anastomoses at any point along the digestive tract. Evidence regarding whether the design of the MCA device influences the anastomosis effect is lacking.

AIM

To investigate any difference in the side-to-side colonic anastomosis effect achieved with cylindrical vs circular ring magnets.

METHODS

We designed cylindrical and circular ring magnets suitable for side-to-side colonic anastomosis in rats. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a cylindrical group, circular ring group, and cylindrical–circular ring group (n = 10/group). Side-to-side colonic anastomosis was completed by transanal insertion of the magnets without incision of the colon. Operation time, perioperative complications, and magnet discharge time were recorded. Rats were euthanized 4 weeks post-operatively, and anastomotic specimens were obtained. The burst pressure and anastomotic diameter were measured sequentially, and anastomosis formation was observed by naked eye. Histological results were observed by light microscopy.

RESULTS

In all 30 rats, side-to-side colonic anastomosis was completed, for an operation success rate of 100%. No postoperative complications of bleeding and intestinal obstruction occurred, and the postoperative survival rate were 100%. The operation time, magnet discharge time, anastomotic bursting pressure, and anastomotic diameter did not differ significantly among the three designs (P > 0.05). Healing was similar across the groups, with gross specimens showing good anastomotic healing and good mucosal continuity observed on histological analysis.

CONCLUSION

This study found no significant difference in the establishment of rat side-to-side colonic anastomosis with the use of cylindrical vs circular ring magnets.

Keywords: Magnetosurgery; Magnetic compression anastomosis; Colonic anastomosis; Magnet; Rats

Core Tip: Magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) is a new anastomosis approach that differs from suture and staple anastomosis. Multiple studies have demonstrated the feasibility of MCA in the digestive tract, but whether MCA establishment is affected by the shape of the magnets has not been determined. In this study, the effect of differently shaped magnets was examined in a rat model of side-to-side colonic anastomosis. The results showed no significant difference in the establishment of side-to-side colonic anastomosis with the use of circular vs cylindrical magnets. Moreover, the findings of this study support Yan-Zhang's Peripheral Decision Theory of digestive tract MCA.