Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Aug 27, 2024; 16(8): 2583-2591
Published online Aug 27, 2024. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i8.2583
Prediction model establishment and validation for enteral nutrition aspiration during hospitalization in patients with acute pancreatitis
Ping Hou, Hao-Jun Wu, Tang Li, Jia-Bin Liu, Quan-Qing Zhao, Hong-Jiang Zhao, Zi-Ming Liu
Ping Hou, Hong-Jiang Zhao, Division II of General Surgery, West China Hospital-Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611730, Sichuan Province, China
Hao-Jun Wu, Division of Biliary Tract Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
Tang Li, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital-Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611730, Sichuan Province, China
Jia-Bin Liu, Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
Quan-Qing Zhao, Department of Oncology, West China Hospital-Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611730, Sichuan Province, China
Zi-Ming Liu, Division of Biliary Tract Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
Author contributions: Hou P and Liu ZM designed the experiments and conducted clinical data collection; Wu HJ, Li T, Liu JB, Zhao QQ and Zhao HJ performed postoperative follow-up and recorded the data; Hou P and Liu ZM conducted the collation and statistical analysis, wrote the original manuscript and revised the paper; all authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of West China Hospital, Sichuan University (No. 2023-1702).
Informed consent statement: The ethics committee agreed to waive the patient’s informed consent form.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Data sharing statement: All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Zi-Ming Liu, MD, Division of Biliary Tract Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China. lzm2210736@163.com
Received: May 29, 2024
Revised: July 11, 2024
Accepted: July 15, 2024
Published online: August 27, 2024
Processing time: 79 Days and 3.7 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a disease caused by abnormal activation of pancreatic enzymes and can lead to self-digestion of pancreatic tissues and dysfunction of other organs. Enteral nutrition plays a vital role in the treatment of AP because it can meet the nutritional needs of patients, promote the recovery of intestinal function, and maintain the barrier and immune functions of the intestine. However, the risk of aspiration during enteral nutrition is high; once aspiration occurs, it may cause serious complications, such as aspiration pneumonia, and suffocation, posing a threat to the patient’s life. This study aims to establish and validate a prediction model for enteral nutrition aspiration during hospitalization in patients with AP.

AIM

To establish and validate a predictive model for enteral nutrition aspiration during hospitalization in patients with AP.

METHODS

A retrospective review was conducted on 200 patients with AP admitted to Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2020 to February 2024. Clinical data were collected from the electronic medical record system. Patients were randomly divided into a validation group (n = 40) and a modeling group (n = 160) in a 1:4 ratio, matched with 200 patients from the same time period. The modeling group was further categorized into an aspiration group (n = 25) and a non-aspiration group (n = 175) based on the occurrence of enteral nutrition aspiration during hospitalization. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors influencing enteral nutrition aspiration in patients with AP during hospitalization. A prediction model for enteral nutrition aspiration during hospitalization was constructed, and calibration curves were used for validation. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the predictive value of the model.

RESULTS

There was no statistically significant difference in general data between the validation and modeling groups (P > 0.05). The comparison of age, gender, body mass index, smoking history, hypertension history, and diabetes history showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, patient position, consciousness status, nutritional risk, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE-II) score, and length of nasogastric tube placement showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that patient position, consciousness status, nutritional risk, APACHE-II score, and length of nasogastric tube placement were independent factors influencing enteral nutrition aspiration in patients with AP during hospitalization (P < 0.05). These factors were incorporated into the prediction model, which showed good consistency between the predicted and actual risks, as indicated by calibration curves with slopes close to 1 in the training and validation sets. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.926 (95%CI: 0.8889-0.9675) in the training set. The optimal cutoff value is 0.73, with a sensitivity of 88.4 and specificity of 85.2. In the validation set, the AUC of the model for predicting enteral nutrition aspiration in patients with AP patients during hospitalization was 0.902, with a standard error of 0.040 (95%CI: 0.8284-0.9858), and the best cutoff value was 0.73, with a sensitivity of 91.9 and specificity of 81.8.

CONCLUSION

A prediction model for enteral nutrition aspiration during hospitalization in patients with AP was established and demonstrated high predictive value. Further clinical application of the model is warranted.

Keywords: Acute pancreatitis; Hospitalization; Enteral nutrition; Predictive model; Aspiration

Core Tip: The study aims to establish and verify a predictive model for the risk of enteral nutrition aspiration during hospitalization in patients with acute pancreatitis. By comprehensively analyzing patient clinical data, independent risk factors are identified to provide early risk warning, guide clinical nursing intervention, and reduce the incidence of complications. Rate, improve patient prognosis.