Published online Dec 27, 2018. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v10.i9.107
Peer-review started: June 30, 2018
First decision: July 19, 2018
Revised: November 4, 2018
Accepted: November 8, 2018
Article in press: November 8, 2018
Published online: December 27, 2018
Processing time: 181 Days and 14.9 Hours
Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD)-induced morbidity, consisting mainly of the pancreatic fistula and its hemorrhagic and infectious consequences, is well described in the literature, in terms of its definition, risk factors, preventive measures, and standardized management of complications. However, some life-threatening complications remain atypical and undescribed.
We report here the case of a 69-year-old patient with Budd-Chiari syndrome that occurred after arterial embolization of postpancreatectomy hemorrhage. Diagnosis was established with biological findings (i.e., acute liver failure) and radiological findings (i.e., compressive hematoma of the retrohepatic vena cava). Emergency surgical revision was performed to evacuate the hematoma. The postoperative course was uneventful, with rapid recovery of liver function. To our knowledge, post-PD Budd-Chiari syndrome has never been described in the literature.
Acute liver failure in early post-PD should prompt investigation to rule out Budd-Chiari syndrome.
Core tip: Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. Pancreatic fistula (PF), the main complication of this surgery, has been the subject of many clinical practice guidelines releases to recommend its definition, prevention, and management. However, some clinical presentations of severe PF after PD remain atypical and undescribed. We report here a case of acute Budd-Chiari syndrome in relation to a compressive hematoma of the retrohepatic vena cava due to massive postpancreatectomy hemorrhage. Emergency relaparotomy to remove the compressive hematoma enabled rapid improvement. Awareness of this potential life-threatening complication may help avoid a delay in diagnosis and to propose an appropriate therapeutic strategy.