The correlation between fibrinogen levels and adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the value of preoperative plasma fibrinogen as a biomarker for ACC.

We identified 40 patients with ACC and 170 patients with adrenal adenoma (AA) who underwent surgery at our institution between 2015 and 2022. Plasma fibrinogen levels and postoperative tumor recurrence information of the patients were also recorded. For intergroup comparisons, data obtained from the AA and ACC groups were evaluated using a t-test. The cutoff value of fibrinogen level was determined using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Mean fibrinogen levels in the AA and ACC groups were 2.81 ± 0.59 g/L and 3.88 ± 1.75 g/L, respectively (P < .001). Fibrinogen level, which can help distinguish between AA and ACC, was evaluated using the ROC curve. The cutoff fibrinogen level was estimated as 3.87 g/L according to the Youden index. With this value, the sensitivity was 62.5%, specificity was 95.7%, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.74 (P < .001). Fibrinogen level, which can help distinguish between recurrence and non-recurrence, was evaluated using the ROC curve. The cutoff fibrinogen level was estimated as 3.96 g/L according to the Youden index. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were 90%, 71.4%, and 0.85, respectively (P < .001).

According to the data in this study, plasma fibrinogen could be used to distinguish ACC from AA. Most importantly, plasma fibrinogen may be used to identify recurrence of postoperative ACC.

We hypothesized that the inflammatory burden index (IBI) is a promising biomarker for esophageal cancer (EC) treatment and management. To confirm our hypothesis, we evaluated the prognostic impact of IBI in patients with EC who received curative treatment.

We conducted a retrospective review of medical records and collected data from consecutive patients with EC who underwent curative resection at Yokohama City University between 2005 and 2020. The IBI score was calculated as the C-reactive protein level multiplied by the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.

In total, 180 patients with EC were included in this study. The 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 72.9% and 63.4%, respectively, in the IBI-low group, and 38.2% and 32.5% in the IBI-high group (p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, IBI was identified as a significant prognostic factor for OS [hazard ratio (HR)=2.372; 95% confidence interval CI=1.478-3.806, p<0.001]. In addition, the 3- and 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 52.9% and 47.8%, respectively, in the IBI-low group, and 22.9% and 17.2% in the IBI-high group (p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, IBI was identified as a significant prognostic factor for RFS (HR=2.484; 95%CI=1.373-4.494, p<0.001). When comparing the recurrence patterns between the IBI-high and IBI-low groups, there were significant differences in lymph node recurrence (46.0% vs. 26.2%, p=0.010) and hematological recurrence (52.0% vs. 18.5%, p<0.001).

IBI affects both the short- and long-term oncological outcomes. Thus, IBI may be a promising prognostic factor for the treatment and management of EC.

Serum fibrinogen and albumin play important roles in systemic inflammation and are implicated in tumor progression. The fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) has shown a prognostic impact in several malignancies. This study aims to assess the prognostic value of the pretherapeutic FAR in patients with adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction (AEG) who underwent upfront resection.

Consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection at the Department of Surgery at the Medical University of Vienna between 1992 and 2014 were included into this study. Optimal cut-off values were determined with the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve, uni- and multivariate analyzes were calculated by the Cox proportional hazard regression model for overall survival (OS).

Among 135 included patients, the majority were male (79.26%), with a mean age of 66.53 years. Elevated FAR correlated significantly (p = 0.002) with shorter OS in univariate analysis, also confirmed as independent prognostic factor (p = 0.005) in multivariable analysis. The ROC curve of FAR (AUC = 0.744) outperformed fibrinogen (AUC = 0.738) and albumin (AUC = 0.378) in predicting OS for AEG patients.

The FAR serves as an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients undergoing primarily resection for AEG. Given its routine availability and ease of calculation, FAR could help in diagnosis and treatment selection for AEG patients. Further validation studies are warranted to confirm these findings conclusively.

The aim was to explore the preoperative and postoperative fibrinogen changes value (FCV) as a prognosis biomarker for in patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC).

We identified 42 patients with ACC and 190 patients with adrenal adenoma (AA) who underwent surgery at our institution between 2015 and 2023. Preoperative fibrinogen, postoperative fibrinogen and follow-up information of the patients were recorded and analysed. The relationship between FCV and overall survival (OS)/ relapse-free survival (RFS) was evaluated.

The mean level of preoperative and postoperative fibrinogen for ACC were 4.00 ± 1.64 g/L and 2.75 ± 0.59 g/L, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean level of preoperative and postoperative fibrinogen for AA were 2.79 ± 0.59 g/L and 2.71 ± 0.58 g/L, respectively (p = 0.144). In ACC, the lower FCV (≤ 1.25 g/L) showed a significantly poorer RFS than the higher (> 1.25 g/L) (p = 0.007); however, the lower FCV (≤ 1.25 g/L) showed no poorer OS than the higher (> 1.25 g/L) (p = 0.243). On multivariate survival analyses, FCV remained a predictor of RFS (HR 3.138).

According to the data in this study, it can be said that FCV is correlated with prognosis of ACC. The FCV might be a new biomarker for predicting the RFS of ACC.

The inflammatory response and the nutritional status are associated with overall survival (OS) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but it is unclear which biomarkers are better suited to predict prognosis. This study sought to determine which of the commonly existing inflammatory and nutritional indicators best predicted the OS.

This study included 15 compound indicators based on inflammation or nutrition, with cutoff points obtained through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk models were used to evaluate the relationship between these predictors and OS. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival analysis, and log-rank tests were used to compare differences between groups. The C-index was calculated to evaluate the predictive ability of the different indicators.

The study included 899 patients with NSCLC. In the univariate analysis, all 15 measures were significantly associated with the OS of patients (all p < 0.05). The results of the C-index analysis showed that the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR), the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and the albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) were the three indices with the best predictive performance. Among them, FAR (C-index = 0.639) had the best predictive power for OS in patients with NSCLC. In the different subgroups, FAR had the highest C-index in male, non-smoking, adenocarcinoma, and stage II patients. The C-index of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in female patients was the highest. SII was the highest in smokers, in those aged <65 and ≥65 years, and in stage III patients. The C-index of AAPR was the highest in non-adenocarcinomas. The C-index of the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) was the highest in stage I patients. In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, among FAR, SII, and AAPR, only FAR was an independent predictor of OS in patients with NSCLC. A high FAR was associated with a higher risk of death in patients with NSCLC (HR = 1.601, 95% CI = 1.028-2.495). In order to further evaluate the potential prognostic value of FAR, SII, and AAPR in patients with different stages, Cox regression analysis was performed for those with stage I-II and stage III NSCLC. The results showed that FAR was an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with stage I-II NSCLC.

For all patients with NSCLC, the prognostic power of FAR was superior to that of other inflammatory and nutritional indicators.

The preoperative total bilirubin-albumin ratio (TBAR) and fibrinogen-albumin ratio (FAR) have been proven to be valuable prognostic factors in various cancers.

To detect the prognostic value of TBAR and FAR in ampullary adenocarcinoma (AC) patients who underwent curative pancreaticoduodenectomy.

AC patients who underwent curative pancreaticoduodenectomy in the National Cancer Center of China between 1998 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The prognostic cutoff values of TBAR and FAR were determined through the best survival separation model. Then, a novel prognostic score combining TBAR and FAR was calculated and validated through the logistic regression analysis and Cox regression analysis.

A total of 188 AC patients were enrolled in the current study. The best cutoff values of TBAR and FAR for predicting overall survival were 1.7943 and 0.1329, respectively. AC patients were divided into a TBAR-low group (score = 0) vs a TBAR-high group (score = 1) and a FAR-low group (score = 0) vs a FAR-high group (score = 1). The total score was calculated as a novel prognostic factor. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that a high score was an independent protective factor for recurrence [score = 1 vs score = 0: Odds ratio (OR) = 0.517, P = 0.046; score = 2 vs score = 0 OR = 0.236, P = 0.038]. In addition, multivariable survival analysis also demonstrated that a high score was an independent protective factor in AC patients (score = 2 vs score = 0: Hazard ratio = 0.230, P = 0.046).

A novel prognostic score based on preoperative TBAR and FAR has been demonstrated to have good predictive power in AC patients who underwent curative pancreaticoduodenectomy. However, more studies with larger samples are needed to validate this conclusion.

To investigate the relationship between PD-L1, Ki-67 and the association between PD-L1, Ki-67, and clinicopathologic features and laboratory parameters in the peripheral blood of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

The clinical records of 213 NSCLC patients were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into high or low expression groups by cut-off values of Ki-67 and PD-L1. Correlation of PD-L1 and Ki-67 expression were analyzed by linear regression analysis. The data were tested by Mann-Whitney test. Relationship of PD-L1 and Ki-67 was tested by chi-square test.

Linear regression analysis revealed a positive association between the expression of PD-L1 and Ki-67 (R2=0.26, P<0.001). The clinicopathologic features and laboratory parameters such as gender, smoking history, histological types, TNM stage, tumor size, ALB, and FIB were all significantly associated with PD-L1 and Ki-67 expression (all P<0.05).

The expression of PD-L1 and Ki-67 is related to some clinicopathologic features and inflammatory factors, which brings new sight for exploiting combination biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.

The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of pretreatment fibrinogen (FIB) levels in patients with cancer who received immunotherapy as a second-line treatment. A total of 61 patients with stage III-IV cancer were included. The cut-off value of FIB for predicting overall survival (OS) was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The prognostic value of pretreatment FIB on progression-free survival (PFS) and OS was determined by univariate and multivariate analyses. Based on a cut-off point of 3.47 g/l, patients were divided into low pretreatment FIB (<3.47 g/l) and high pretreatment FIB (≥3.47 g/l) groups. A high pretreatment FIB level was more common in older patients (P=0.03). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with high pretreatment FIB levels had shorter PFS and OS times than patients with low FIB levels (P<0.05). In multivariate analysis, pretreatment FIB was an independent prognostic factor for OS [hazard ratio (HR), 6.06; 95% CI, 2.01-18.28; P<0.01] and OS from the initiation of second-line treatment (HR, 3.69; 95% CI, 1.28-10.63; P=0.02). Overall, FIB is associated with survival outcome in patients with cancer who are administered immunotherapy as a second-line treatment.