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Jiang B, Xie T, Hu J, Xu Y, Zhang H. Retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst: a case report and literature review. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1406270. [PMID: 39544288 PMCID: PMC11560907 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1406270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst, typically situated in the subdiaphragmatic region, is a rare congenital benign developmental abnormality arising from dysplasia of the foregut and abnormal budding of the tracheobronchial tree. Due to its low incidence, there are limited reports regarding this condition. Case presentation Four retroperitoneal bronchogenic cysts near the left adrenal gland were identified without accompanying clinical symptoms. One case was misdiagnosed as an adrenal tumor prior to surgery, while the others were diagnosed as retroperitoneal cysts of uncertain origin. All cases underwent surgical resection, with three being performed laparoscopically and one utilizing robot-assisted techniques. Pathological reports confirmed the diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst in each instance. The prognosis was favorable for all four patients, with no complications or recurrences observed. Additionally, a literature review was conducted, encompassing 82 cases, which revealed similar characteristics and radiological manifestations in the majority of cases. Conclusion Although retroperitoneal bronchogenic cysts are rare developmental malformations lacking distinctive clinical and radiological features, reported cases exhibit similarities in certain clinical and imaging characteristics. This report offers additional insights into the diagnosis and management of this rare disease. Future reports are essential to enhance understanding of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohao Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tiantian Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiyuan Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yitong Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Mingming M, Yana Z, Ran C, Qingqing Z, Bowen Z. Case Report: Multimodality imaging of a bronchogenic cyst in the interatrial septum. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1466016. [PMID: 39444549 PMCID: PMC11496127 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1466016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracardiac bronchogenic cysts (IBCs) are very rare. To date, only a few cases of IBC have been reported in the literature. We report a case of a bronchogenic cyst that arose from the interatrial septum in a 42-year-old man who presented with symptoms of palpitation. A unilocular cystic lesion of the heart was found initially on echocardiography and subsequently on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The diagnosis was further confirmed by histopathology after surgical resection. Multimodality imaging played a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of such rare lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Mingming
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound & Echocardiography, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Technical Guidance Center for Fetal Echocardiography of Zhejiang Province and Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Yana
- Department of ECG, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Ran
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound & Echocardiography, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Technical Guidance Center for Fetal Echocardiography of Zhejiang Province and Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhu Qingqing
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Bowen
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound & Echocardiography, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Technical Guidance Center for Fetal Echocardiography of Zhejiang Province and Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Mestas Nuñez M, Dulcich G, Restrepo CS, Khawaja R, Shankar N, Restauri N, Broncano J, Vargas D. Congenital Lung Anomalies in Adults. Radiographics 2024; 44:e240017. [PMID: 39207925 DOI: 10.1148/rg.240017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Congenital lung anomaly (CLA) refers to a rare group of malformations that are typically identified prenatally or in early childhood. However, a significant proportion of cases evade detection until adulthood and either are incidentally discovered or manifest with symptoms of recurrent respiratory infection or pulmonary hemorrhage. While most CLAs have characteristic imaging findings at CT and MRI, they remain a diagnostic challenge due to the infrequency with which they are encountered in adults. Radiologists frequently play a pivotal role in suggesting the diagnosis and guiding appropriate management strategies, and recognition of characteristic imaging patterns is crucial for accurate diagnosis. The authors examine the imaging appearances and clinical manifestations in adult patients with CLA, with a focus on patients who have bronchopulmonary involvement and those with combined bronchopulmonary and vascular anomalies. Entities discussed include bronchogenic cyst, bronchial atresia, congenital lobar overinflation, congenital pulmonary airway malformation, proximal interruption of the pulmonary artery, bronchopulmonary sequestration, hypogenetic lung syndrome, placental transmogrification of the lung, and hybrid lesions. Common complications that may arise in these patients are discussed and illustrated. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Mestas Nuñez
- From San Lucas Diagnóstico, 25 de Mayo 1941, 3300, Posadas, Argentina (M.M.N.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (G.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (C.S.R.); Departments of Radiology (R.K., N.R., D.V.) and Pathology (N.S.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; and Department of Radiology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.)
| | - Gonzalo Dulcich
- From San Lucas Diagnóstico, 25 de Mayo 1941, 3300, Posadas, Argentina (M.M.N.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (G.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (C.S.R.); Departments of Radiology (R.K., N.R., D.V.) and Pathology (N.S.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; and Department of Radiology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.)
| | - Carlos S Restrepo
- From San Lucas Diagnóstico, 25 de Mayo 1941, 3300, Posadas, Argentina (M.M.N.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (G.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (C.S.R.); Departments of Radiology (R.K., N.R., D.V.) and Pathology (N.S.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; and Department of Radiology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.)
| | - Ranish Khawaja
- From San Lucas Diagnóstico, 25 de Mayo 1941, 3300, Posadas, Argentina (M.M.N.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (G.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (C.S.R.); Departments of Radiology (R.K., N.R., D.V.) and Pathology (N.S.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; and Department of Radiology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.)
| | - Nakul Shankar
- From San Lucas Diagnóstico, 25 de Mayo 1941, 3300, Posadas, Argentina (M.M.N.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (G.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (C.S.R.); Departments of Radiology (R.K., N.R., D.V.) and Pathology (N.S.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; and Department of Radiology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.)
| | - Nicole Restauri
- From San Lucas Diagnóstico, 25 de Mayo 1941, 3300, Posadas, Argentina (M.M.N.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (G.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (C.S.R.); Departments of Radiology (R.K., N.R., D.V.) and Pathology (N.S.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; and Department of Radiology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.)
| | - Jordi Broncano
- From San Lucas Diagnóstico, 25 de Mayo 1941, 3300, Posadas, Argentina (M.M.N.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (G.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (C.S.R.); Departments of Radiology (R.K., N.R., D.V.) and Pathology (N.S.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; and Department of Radiology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.)
| | - Daniel Vargas
- From San Lucas Diagnóstico, 25 de Mayo 1941, 3300, Posadas, Argentina (M.M.N.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (G.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (C.S.R.); Departments of Radiology (R.K., N.R., D.V.) and Pathology (N.S.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; and Department of Radiology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.)
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Nitsa Z, Kanavidis P, Kastanaki P, Faltsetas S, Charalabopoulos A. Right Thoracoscopic Excision of an Esophageal Bronchogenic Cyst. Cureus 2024; 16:e66119. [PMID: 39229397 PMCID: PMC11370976 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.66119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchogenic cysts, first described in 1859, are rare congenital cystic malformations of the respiratory tract, with an incidence of one per 42,000-68,000 hospital admissions in one hospital series. They comprise 10-15% of mediastinal tumors and between 50% and 60% of mediastinal cystic lesions. Its clinical diagnosis is often challenging due to the absence of distinct imaging features. This case report focuses on the case of a 51-year-old female who initially received a misdiagnosis of esophageal leiomyoma. Subsequently, during exploration in the operating theater, right thoracoscopy revealed the presence of an esophageal bronchogenic cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Nitsa
- First Department of Surgery, Laiko General Hospital of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | | | - Pagona Kastanaki
- First Department of Surgery, Saint George General Hospital of Chania, Chania, GRC
| | - Stelios Faltsetas
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Athens, Athens, GRC
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5
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Plut D, Bauer M, Mikić A, Winant AJ, Park H, Lee EY. Pediatric Congenital Lung Malformations: Contemporary Perspectives on Imaging Characteristics. Semin Roentgenol 2024; 59:249-266. [PMID: 38997180 DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Domen Plut
- Clinical Radiology Institute, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Matthew Bauer
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Aleksandra Mikić
- Clinical Radiology Institute, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Abbey J Winant
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Halley Park
- Department of Radiology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL
| | - Edward Y Lee
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Sha H, Jiang ZD. Esophageal bronchogenic cyst treated with submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection: two case reports. J Med Case Rep 2024; 18:139. [PMID: 38561839 PMCID: PMC10986053 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-024-04453-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although esophageal bronchogenic cysts are benign diseases, they may be accompanied by serious complications and have the possibility of recurrence. Therefore, once confirmed, it is necessary to treat the esophagobronchial cyst when the contraindication is excluded. Endoscopic treatment is usually used for lesions with small diameter and shallow origin, and has the advantages of small surgical trauma and risk, which can reduce the psychological burden of patients to a certain extent, help them to recover quickly, and lower hospital costs. CASE PRESENTATION Case 1 is a 54-year-old Han Chinese man admitted to our hospital who complained of difficulty swallowing in the past 6 months. Case 2 is a 41-year-old Han Chinese man who was hospitalized in the past 3 months due to chest discomfort. Endoscopic ultrasound revealed a hypoechoic cystic lesion arising from the muscularis propria. Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection was performed using a dual knife, and a cystic mass was observed between the mucosa and the muscular layers of the esophagus. On locating the cyst, an incision was made on the oral side of the lesion for evacuation. The cyst wall was excised using endoscopic argon plasma coagulation. We successfully removed the esophageal bronchogenic cyst lesion in the intrinsic muscle layer using submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection. CONCLUSION Esophageal bronchogenic cysts are rare in clinical practice and lack specificity in clinical manifestations. Multiple methods can be used to determine the location and nature of the lesion and ultimately determine the treatment plan. Surgical resection and endoscopic treatment are two different treatment methods, and appropriate treatment plans need to be selected on the basis of the origin layer, size, and relationship with the esophagus of the lesion to reduce complications and improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sha
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of Yining, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zong-Dan Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of Yining, Xinjiang, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China.
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7
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Dillon M, Zielinski R, Worth J, Sanders M, Ibrahim O, Vedere T. An Unlikely Source of Iodine Uptake: A Bronchogenic Cyst Masquerading as Metastatic Thyroid Cancer. JCEM CASE REPORTS 2024; 2:luae042. [PMID: 38495395 PMCID: PMC10943498 DOI: 10.1210/jcemcr/luae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Radioactive iodine therapy and posttreatment scanning are essential components of differentiated thyroid carcinoma treatment and detection of metastatic disease. False-positive results can be seen on an I-131 scan and are important for clinicians to be aware of. Here, we present a case of a 33-year-old female with follicular thyroid carcinoma who was noted to have an area of moderate uptake in the chest on a whole-body scan following remnant ablation with 30 mCi of I-131 (1.11GBq) concerning for a metastatic hilar lymph node. This was determined to be a mediastinal bronchogenic cyst on surgical pathology. It has been previously proposed that the expression of sodium iodide symporters in some bronchogenic cysts could be the mechanism by which iodine uptake is seen within them. We were able to demonstrate positive immunohistochemical staining for both sodium iodide symporter and the associated paired box gene 8 transcription factor in the cyst sample, which supports the proposed theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Dillon
- Primary Care Internal Medicine Residency, University of Connecticut Health Center: UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Rachel Zielinski
- Primary Care Internal Medicine Residency, University of Connecticut Health Center: UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Jennifer Worth
- Thoracic Surgery, Hartford Healthcare, Norwich, CT 06360, USA
| | - Melinda Sanders
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center: UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Omar Ibrahim
- Interventional Pulmonology, University of Connecticut Health Center: UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Tarunya Vedere
- Endocrine Neoplasia, Endocrinology, University of Connecticut Health Center: UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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Goussard P, Eber E, Venkatakrishna S, Janson J, Schubert P, Andronikou S. Bronchoscopy findings in children with congenital lung and lower airway abnormalities. Paediatr Respir Rev 2024; 49:43-61. [PMID: 37940462 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Congenital lung and lower airway abnormalities are rare, but they are an important differential diagnosis in children with respiratory diseases, especially if the disease is recurrent or does not resolve. The factors determining the time of presentation of congenital airway pathologies include the severity of narrowing, association with other lesions and the presence or absence of congenital heart disease (CHD). Bronchoscopy is required in these cases to assess the airway early after birth or when intubation and ventilation are difficult or not possible. Many of these conditions have associated abnormalities that must be diagnosed early, as this determines surgical interventions. It may be necessary to combine imaging and bronchoscopy findings in these children to determine the correct diagnosis as well as in operative management. Endoscopic interventional procedures may be needed in many of these conditions, ranging from intubation to balloon dilatations and aortopexy. This review will describe the bronchoscopic findings in children with congenital lung and lower airway abnormalities, illustrate how bronchoscopy can be used for diagnosis and highlight the role of interventional bronchoscopy in the management of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Goussard
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Ernst Eber
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Shyam Venkatakrishna
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacques Janson
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Pawel Schubert
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Tygerberg Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Savvas Andronikou
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Rahman ST, Islam MM, Akhter KM, Islam MZ, Hossain M. Bronchogenic cyst at unusual location. Respir Med Case Rep 2023; 46:101947. [PMID: 38058403 PMCID: PMC10696229 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2023.101947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchogenic cyst results from abnormal bronchial budding. Thin-stalked mobile bronchogenic cysts are rare and sometimes radiologically mimic mass lesion, making preoperative diagnosis difficult. We present a 12-year-old boy with a preoperative diagnosis of intraparenchymal cystic lung lesion misled by radiology. We performed a mini-thoracotomy revealing a thin stalked mobile elongated cyst that arose from the right inferior pulmonary ligament, confirmed as a bronchogenic cyst in histopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.M. Tajdit Rahman
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Diseases of the Chest & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Morsedul Islam
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Diseases of the Chest & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Munzerin Akhter
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Diseases of the Chest & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Zahidul Islam
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Diseases of the Chest & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mosharraf Hossain
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Diseases of the Chest & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Terayama M, Kumagai K, Kawachi H, Makuuchi R, Hayami M, Ida S, Ohashi M, Sano T, Nunobe S. Optimal resection of gastric bronchogenic cysts based on anatomical continuity with adherent gastric muscular layer: A case report. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:1216-1223. [PMID: 37405090 PMCID: PMC10315120 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i6.1216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchogenic cysts are congenital lesions requiring radical resection because of malignant potential. However, a method for the optimal resection of these cysts has not been completely elucidated.
CASE SUMMARY Herein, we presented three patients with bronchogenic cysts that were located adjacent to the gastric wall and resected laparoscopically. The cysts were detected incidentally with no symptoms and the preoperative diagnosis was challenging to obtain via radiological examinations. Based on laparoscopic findings, the cyst was attached firmly to the gastric wall and the boundary between the gastric and cyst walls was difficult to identify. Consequently, resection of cysts alone caused cystic wall injury in Patient 1. Meanwhile, the cyst was resected completely along with a part of the gastric wall in Patient 2. Histopathological examination revealed the final diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst and revealed that the cyst wall shared the muscular layer with the gastric wall in Patients 1 and 2. In Patient 3, the cyst was located adjacent to the gastric wall but histopathologically originated from diaphragm rather than stomach. All the patients were free from recurrence.
CONCLUSION The findings of this study state that a safe and complete resection of bronchogenic cysts required the adherent gastric muscular layer or full-thickness dissection, if bronchogenic cysts are suspected via pre- and/or intraoperative findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Terayama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Koshi Kumagai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawachi
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Rie Makuuchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Masaru Hayami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Manabu Ohashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Souya Nunobe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
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Percutaneous aspiration and absolute ethanol sclerotherapy in the treatment of symptomatic bronchogenic cyst. Radiol Case Rep 2023; 18:1844-1847. [PMID: 36923392 PMCID: PMC10008829 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgical treatment is indicated for both symptomatic and asymptomatic bronchogenic cysts. The goal of treatment is total removal of the cyst. Percutaneous aspiration and absolute ethanol sclerotherapy is an effective, minimally invasive, and safe alternative method. We present the case of a 74-year-old woman with a symptom of persistent dry cough for 5 months. Plain and contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography revealed a large superior mediastinal cyst that could be easily accessed percutaneously. The cyst was treated by aspiration and ethanol sclerotherapy under ultrasound guidance and fluoroscopy. The patient was discharged a day later without complications. Chest CT at 6 months follow-up showed complete regression of the cyst.
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12
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Clinical Presentation and Surgical Management of Five Pediatric Cases with Bronchogenic Cysts: Retrospective Case Series. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121824. [PMID: 36553268 PMCID: PMC9777262 DOI: 10.3390/children9121824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchogenic cysts (BCs) refer to congenital lesions that result from primitive or abnormal foregut budding, and can be pulmonary or mediastinal. Their occurrence can take place at any point on the tracheobronchial tree, but they are usually localized in the lung parenchyma and mediastinum, and may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Bronchogenic cyst symptoms can vary, depending on the size and location of the cyst. METHODS A retrospective review of the charts of five patients with a histopathological diagnosis of bronchogenic cysts was performed between 2014 and 2020. The patients reported in this study were diagnosed and managed at Abha Maternity and Children Hospital, Abha, southwest Saudi Arabia. In addition, demographic information, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic information, was provided for each patient, both at discharge and after discharge. All patients had confirmed congenital bronchogenic cysts with different clinical phenotypes and radiological findings. RESULTS All patients had histopathologically confirmed bronchogenic cysts with different clinical and radiological presentations. Two patients had mediastinal-located cysts; one had a laryngeal cyst; and the last two patients had infected intrapulmonary bronchogenic cysts. All patients underwent complete excision and did not experience recurrence or other postoperative complications during the follow-up period. The latter two patients required lobectomies of the right middle and upper lobes. CONCLUSIONS Although bronchogenic cysts are considered a rare congenital pulmonary malformation, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients with unusual airway and parenchymal lung manifestations, particularly, persistent stridor, feeding difficulty, and complicated pneumonia. Surgical excision of the cyst is the gold-standard therapy for symptomatic bronchogenic cysts and is highly recommended for asymptomatic ones. Long-term follow-up studies will be required to explore any long-term complications of BCs, particularly regarding the malignancy transformation.
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Li H, Xu J, Feng Q, Cai Z, Li J. Case report: The safety of laparoscopic surgery for the retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1011076. [PMID: 36313713 PMCID: PMC9597882 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1011076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bronchogenic cyst is a congenital aberration of bronchopulmonary malformation with bronchial-type, pseudostratified cylindrical epithelium. They are usually discovered in the mediastinum and intrapulmonary but are rarely encountered in retroperitoneum. We report a case of the retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst and perform a literature review to summarize the safety of laparoscopic resection for this rare disease. Case presentation We report a 57-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital with no clinical symptoms and was found by chance to have masses in the adrenal gland area during a routine physical examination. An abdominal CT examination revealed a cystic lesion was found in the left suprarenal region. Afterward, the patient underwent a laparoscopic exploration. Histopathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of a retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst. The patient recovered uneventfully without signs of recurrence during a 1-year follow-up period. Conclusion Bronchogenic cyst is rare in the retroperitoneal region. It should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses of a retroperitoneal neoplasm, especially in the left retroperitoneal region. Laparoscopic surgery is technically feasible and safe for the treatment of patients with a retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hancong Li
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Minimal Invasive Surgery, Shangjin Nanfu Hosptial, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingbo Feng
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaolun Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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Xiao J, Zhang X, Zhou H, Hong T, Li B, He X, Liu W. Subdiaphragmatic bronchogenic cysts: Case series and literature review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:993091. [PMID: 36275826 PMCID: PMC9581013 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.993091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchogenic cysts are congenital malformations caused by aberrant foregut budding. They major occur in the thorax, with subdiaphragmatic cases being uncommon. Here, we present a series of 19 patients diagnosed with subdiaphragmatic bronchogenic cysts histopathologically at a single institution in China from 2012 to 2021. A literature review was also conducted by searching the PubMed database using keywords related to "bronchogenic cysts" and "subdiaphragmatic," yielding 107 cases. Taken together, the 126 cases had a median age of 41.0 years (interquartile range, 30.0-51.0 years) and 62 of them were male (49.2%). The cysts were most commonly detected in the left adrenal region (36.2%), followed by the pancreatic region (11.5%) and gastric cardia/lesser curvature of the stomach (9.2%). All patients except two underwent surgery for a definite diagnosis, symptom alleviation, and (or) malignancy prevention. Most patients recovered fast and were discharged from the hospital within 1 week after surgery, and the surgical complications were infrequent. The prognosis was generally favorable, as no recurrence was reported during the follow-up as long as 77 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchun Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongru Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Binglu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Wei P, Gao Y, Zhang J, Lin J, Liu H, Chen K, Lin W, Wang X, Wang C, Liu C. Diagnosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma based on metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:108. [PMID: 35346137 PMCID: PMC8958490 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical treatment of patients suspected of pulmonary infections often rely on empirical antibiotics. However, preliminary diagnoses were based on clinical manifestations and conventional microbiological tests, which could later be proved wrong. In this case, we presented a patient whose initial diagnosis was lung abscess, but antibiotic treatments had no effect, and metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) indicated presence of neoplasm.
Case presentation A 62-year-old female was diagnosed with lung abscess at three different health facilities. However, mNGS of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid did not support pulmonary infections. Rather, the copy number variation analysis using host DNA sequences suggested neoplasm. Using H&E staining and immunohistochemistry of lung biopsy, the patient was eventually diagnosed with lung squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions mNGS not only detects pathogens and helps diagnose infectious diseases, but also has potential in detecting neoplasm via host chromosomal copy number analysis. This might be beneficial for febrile patients with unknown or complex etiology, especially when infectious diseases were initially suspected but empirical antibiotic regimen failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wei
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Jianlong Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Huibin Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Keqiang Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Weikai Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaojia Wang
- Hangzhou Matridx Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Bd 2-4, 2073 Jinchang Rd, Hangzhou, 311100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chune Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China. .,Director of Respiratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Hangzhou Matridx Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Bd 2-4, 2073 Jinchang Rd, Hangzhou, 311100, Zhejiang, China. .,Director of Medical Department, Hangzhou Matridx Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 311100, China.
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16
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Gui Z, Cai T, Tian Y, Liu S, Zhang L. Intrathyroidal Bronchogenic Cysts: A report of two cases. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221087032. [PMID: 35317634 PMCID: PMC8949712 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221087032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital anomalies arising from an abnormal budding of the primitive foregut or tracheobronchial tree. They are most commonly identified in the mediastinum though they can be found in the lung. Ectopic bronchogenic cysts are uncommon in clinical practice, and even rarer when located in the thyroid gland. We report here two cases of intrathyroidal bronchogenic cysts and discuss the patients’ outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Gui
- Department of Thyroid and Breast, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hankou, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Cai
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hankou, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hankou, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hankou, Wuhan, China
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17
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Ogunleye E, Olusoji O, Fajolu I, Iwuchukwu P. Ten years experience in surgical management of congenital lung malformations: A prospective, cross sectional study. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_53_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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18
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Gandhi D, Garg T, Shah J, Sawhney H, Crowder BJ, Nagar A. Gastrointestinal duplication cysts: what a radiologist needs to know. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022; 47:13-27. [PMID: 34417830 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-021-03239-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tract duplication cysts are rare congenital malformations which can be diagnosed as early as the prenatal period but are frequently found in infancy or incidentally in adulthood. They can be seen throughout the alimentary tract with the most common involving the distal ileum and second most common the esophagus. Many duplication cysts are asymptomatic and thus discovered as an incidental imaging finding, though they can also be symptomatic with an array of clinical presentations dependent largely on their location. The vast majority of duplication cysts are benign; however, there are rare instances of malignant transformation reported. The aim of this review is to show how multimodality imaging can help in the diagnosis of duplication cysts at various anatomical locations. Duplication cyst can become symptomatic and in rare cases undergo malignant transformation; therefore, they are typically managed with surgical excision, particularly if found prenatally or during infancy. Given the diversity of anatomic locations, multiple differential diagnoses, and the need for surgical intervention, it is valuable to comprehend the role of multimodality imaging role in diagnosing duplication cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshan Gandhi
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St. Clair St, Suite 800, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Tushar Garg
- Department of Radiology, Seth GS Medical College & KEM Hospital, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel East, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India
| | - Jignesh Shah
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38103, USA
| | - Harpreet Sawhney
- Department of Radiology, Bridgeport Hospital at Yale New Haven Health, 167 Grant St, Bridgeport, CT, 06610, USA
| | - Benjamin James Crowder
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395W, 12th Av, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Arpit Nagar
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395W, 12th Av, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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19
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Imaging of congenital lung diseases presenting in the adulthood: a pictorial review. Insights Imaging 2021; 12:153. [PMID: 34716817 PMCID: PMC8557233 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-021-01095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital lung diseases in adults are rare diseases that can present with symptoms or be detected incidentally. Familiarity with the imaging features of different types of congenital lung diseases helps both in correct diagnosis and management of these diseases. Congenital lung diseases in adults are classified into three main categories as bronchopulmonary anomalies, vascular anomalies, and combined bronchopulmonary and vascular anomalies. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography, especially 3D reconstructions, CT, or MR angiography, can show vascular anomalies in detail. The tracheobronchial tree, parenchymal changes, and possible complications can also be defined on chest CT, and new applications such as quantitative 3D reconstruction CT images, dual-energy CT (DECT) can be helpful in imaging parenchymal changes. In addition to the morphological assessment of the lungs, novel MRI techniques such as ultra-short echo time (UTE), arterial spin labeling (ASL), and phase-resolved functional lung (PREFUL) can provide functional information. This pictorial review aims to comprehensively define the radiological characteristics of each congenital lung disease in adults and to highlight differential diagnoses and possible complications of these diseases.
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20
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Escalante JM, Molina G, Rincón FM, Acosta Buitrago LM, Perez Rivera CJ. Giant Intrapericardial bronchogenic cyst associated with congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation: a case report. J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 16:29. [PMID: 33740997 PMCID: PMC7980539 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-021-01412-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Large intracardiac bronchogenic cysts are rare mediastinal masses. However, they must always be considered in the differential diagnosis of heart failure with abnormal chest X-ray. Case presentation We present a 60-year-old female patient with de novo atrial fibrillation, heart failure and a very large intrapericardial mass. The patient underwent successful surgical resection, with pathological findings confirming a bronchogenic cyst. Conclusions Large bronchogenic cysts located intrapericardially are very rare. However, they should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with atrial fibrillation and heart failure with abnormal radiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Maldonado Escalante
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clínica Universitaria Colombia, Carrera 23 #66-46, Bogota, DC, Colombia
| | - German Molina
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clínica Universitaria Colombia, Carrera 23 #66-46, Bogota, DC, Colombia
| | - Francisco Mauricio Rincón
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clínica Universitaria Colombia, Carrera 23 #66-46, Bogota, DC, Colombia
| | - Lina M Acosta Buitrago
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clínica Universitaria Colombia, Carrera 23 #66-46, Bogota, DC, Colombia
| | - Carlos J Perez Rivera
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Clínica Universitaria Colombia, Carrera 23 #66-46, Bogota, DC, Colombia.
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21
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Abstract
Bronchogenic cysts are foregut-derived developmental anomalies found along the developmental pathway of the foregut. The putative theory of pathogenesis is abnormal budding or branching of epithelial cells during the development of tracheobronchial tree. Over 99 % of cases occur in the mediastinum and lung while the head and neck area is affected in less than 1 % of cases with only rare cases reported in the oral cavity. This is a report of a case of a bronchogenic cyst arising in a 6-year-old male. The lesion presented as a painless swelling of the left underside of the tongue. Microscopically, the cyst was lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium exhibiting many ciliated and mucous cells. A focus of cartilage and discontinuous bundles of smooth muscle were present adjacent to the lining. Where there was cyst rupture, there was granulation tissue associated with many foamy macrophages and acute and chronic inflammation. Four other cases, three in the tongue and one in the lower lip vestibule with cutaneous extension, all in the midline, have been reported in a 1 day-old male, 4 year-old male, 6 year-old female and 3 year-old male. There was no recurrence after excision and this is in keeping with the behavior in previous reports. Other developmental cysts including foregut cysts may be focally lined with respiratory epithelium but the presence of cartilage is the sine qua non for the diagnosis of a bronchogenic cyst.
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22
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Xu Y, Han F, Seng D, Jiang L, Wang S, Ni X, Zhang J. A Clinical Analysis of Pharyngeal Bronchogenic Cysts in the Pharynx of Children. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:629009. [PMID: 34095021 PMCID: PMC8172777 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.629009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study was designed to summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of pharyngeal bronchogenic cysts in children to help in making the correct diagnosis and developing an appropriate treatment plan. Methods: The clinical data of 13 children with bronchogenic cysts in the pharynx, who were treated in otolaryngology head and neck surgery department between September 2013 and July 2019, were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical characteristics were evaluated, and the related factors for diagnosis and treatment were analyzed. Clinical characteristics and imaging features of three cases whose lesions located in the nasopharyngeal, oropharynx, and laryngopharyngeal were demonstrated. Results: All 13 children were male, the youngest being 4 days old, the oldest 6 years and 6 months, and the median age being 1 year and 4 months. Eight patients were diagnosed during a physical examination, and five patients visited the doctor with different degrees of upper airway obstruction. The mass was located in the nasopharynx in one patient, in the oropharynx in eight patients, and in the laryngopharynx in the other four patients. Computed tomography (CT) scanning, which is helpful for a topical diagnosis, showed a dense homogeneous mass. Electronic nasopharyngoscopy showed cystic masses of different sizes in the pharynx. All the children underwent cyst resection under general anesthesia, and the postoperative pathology result was a bronchogenic cyst. One child was lost to follow-up, but the remaining 12 children were followed up for between 6 months and 6 years, during which no recurrence of a cyst was found. Conclusion: Bronchogenic cysts are a rare cyst of the head and neck, and the most common site of the cyst is the oropharynx. The impact on airway obstruction depends on the location and size of the cyst. CT scanning is of great significance for diagnosis. Surgical treatment should be carried out as soon as possible after diagnosis, as surgery is the most effective way to treat bronchogenic cysts. Follow-ups should be carried out regularly to prevent cyst recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fugen Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongjie Seng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shengcai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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23
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Role of Interventional Pulmonology in Miscellaneous Conditions. Respir Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-80298-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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24
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Cheng L, Duan J, Wang M, Lu D, Li H, Ma J, Liu J, Wang C, Zhang Y. Case Report: Prenatal and Postnatal Management for Fetal Bronchogenic Cysts During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:675883. [PMID: 34307253 PMCID: PMC8292643 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.675883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A fetal bronchogenic cyst (BC) is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of 0.147-0.238‰. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as a particular situation, hindered pregnant women from receiving periodic prenatal checkups. Case Description: Until 34+6 weeks of gestation, a fetal case of the intrathoracic cyst was found by ultrasound examination. Further, MRI examination confirmed the diagnosis of the congenital mediastinal cystic lesion, probably a BC. Genetic testing was not conducted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. At 38+5 weeks of gestation with maternal COVID-19 testing negative, a live girl was delivered by cesarean section. Five months later, the child underwent bronchocystectomy, and the postoperative pathological lesions confirmed a (right upper mediastinum) BC. Conclusion: Herein, we reported the prenatal and postnatal management for a rare case of the congenital BC by multidisciplinary approaches during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fetal MRI and screening for fetal chromosomal abnormalities are especially recommended. This case contributes to the awareness that the COVID-19 pandemic interferes with regular follow-up schedules during pregnancy and may interfere with timely performed additional tests; which leads to more accurate genetic counseling. A combination of multidisciplinary approaches, including radiology, infection control, genetic counseling, obstetrics, and pediatric surgery, is pivotal for managing fetal BC during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Health, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Science and Birth Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Health, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Science and Birth Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Health, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Science and Birth Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Health, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Science and Birth Health, Wuhan, China.,Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Li
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Health, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Science and Birth Health, Wuhan, China.,Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianhong Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Health, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Science and Birth Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Health, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Science and Birth Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Health, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Science and Birth Health, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanzhen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Research Center for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Health, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Science and Birth Health, Wuhan, China
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25
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Votto M, Castagnoli R, Prevedoni Gorone MS, Marseglia GL, Licari A. An asymptomatic mediastinal cyst in a young child: Case report and summary of the literature. Clin Case Rep 2020; 8:2163-2165. [PMID: 33235751 PMCID: PMC7669405 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchogenic cyst is a rare congenital chest malformation that mainly presents with wheeze and feeding issues in early life. A multidisciplinary approach and follow-up are pivotal for the improvement of lung function, mostly in cases of mediastinal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Votto
- Department of PediatricsFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Riccardo Castagnoli
- Department of PediatricsFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Maria Sole Prevedoni Gorone
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and NeuroradiologyIRCCS San Matteo University Hospital FoundationPaviaItaly
| | - Gian Luigi Marseglia
- Department of PediatricsFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
| | - Amelia Licari
- Department of PediatricsFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoUniversity of PaviaPaviaItaly
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26
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Sun B, Wang AK, Chen H, Qian BL, Yi XK, Jiang Y, Li Q, Fu WG, Li J. Bronchogenic cyst of the stomach: A case report and literature review. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:166. [PMID: 33093904 PMCID: PMC7571367 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchogenic cyst (BC) is a rare congenital disease with pre-embryonic intestinal malformation. BC of the stomach is rare. The present study reported on the case of a 68-year-old male who presented with a spleen and stomach space mass detected incidentally upon a routine health examination. The patient underwent laparotomy. Postoperative histopathological diagnosis confirmed BC of the stomach. Postoperative recovery was smooth and the patient is currently under follow-up. A literature review suggested that BC is a rare disease and the location of the stomach is very rare. Indications of surgical intervention remain controversial for asymptomatic cases. Owing to no specific clinical or radiologic features to define the disease profile for diagnosis, surgery may be a good choice for both diagnosis and therapy if the patient's condition permits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - An-Kang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Lin Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Kang Yi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Qiu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Guang Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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27
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Hiremath CS, Kumar D, Doddamane AN, Kamath A. Management of infected recurrent mediastinal bronchogenic cyst with tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 36:67-70. [PMID: 33061098 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-019-00850-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of a 20-year-old woman with recurrent bronchogenic cyst. The cyst made its debut at the age of six, which was excised surgically. Preoperative investigations revealed a mass in the right parasternal region extending from around the pericardium, present between the second and fourth ribs and abutting the right mediastinal structures. Dense adhesions were noted and released selectively to avoid iatrogenic injury. Complete evacuation and excision of the cyst from around the pericardium and phrenic nerve with marsupialization of the sac were performed. The patient's post-operative course was uneventful.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences (SSSIHMS), Bangalore, India
| | - Aditya Narsipur Doddamane
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences (SSSIHMS), Bangalore, India
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28
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Lee J, Chang JW. Bronchogenic cysts mimicking thymoma in the anterior mediastinum. Respirol Case Rep 2020; 8:e00583. [PMID: 32405416 PMCID: PMC7218296 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchogenic cysts are commonly located in the middle mediastinal compartment as fluid-filled cysts and thymoma is one of the most common neoplasms in the anterior mediastinum in adult cases. For two cases of asymptomatic, incidentally discovered anterior mediastinal soft tissue mass in adults, we planned to perform complete thymectomy with minimally invasive techniques based on the guidelines of International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group. Their pathological finding revealed cystic lesions lined by ciliated epithelium and this supported the diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst rather than thymic neoplasm. We report the two cases of resected bronchogenic cysts which were in the unusual location of anterior mediastinum with uncommon radiological feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonggeun Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of MedicineJeju National University Hospital, Jeju National UniversityJejuSouth Korea
| | - Jee Won Chang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of MedicineJeju National University Hospital, Jeju National UniversityJejuSouth Korea
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29
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Betraoui F. [An unusual mass]. Rev Mal Respir 2020; 37:346-348. [PMID: 32278509 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Betraoui
- Service de pneumologie, centre hospitalier de Tourcoing, 155, rue du Président-Coty, 59200 Tourcoing, France.
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30
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Roversi M, Porcaro F, Francalanci P, Carotti A, Cutrera R. Recurrent Wheezing in Pre-school Age: Not Only Airway Reactivity! Front Pediatr 2020; 8:101. [PMID: 32257983 PMCID: PMC7090094 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: About a fifth of all mediastinal masses are primary cysts arising in the absence of other underlying pathology. Bronchogenic cysts, although rare, are the most frequent type responsible for lower airways compression as they often develop in the peripheral branches of the tracheobronchial tree. Case presentation: We report the case of a 6-months-old child admitted for acute respiratory distress and wheezing not responsive to asthma treatment. Digestive and airway endoscopy proved a mild and a marked reduction of the esophageal and tracheal lumen, respectively. The nocturnal polygraphy showed an underlying obstructive disorder and the chest CT scan confirmed the presence of a wide mediastinal cyst compressing the trachea. The mass, later identified as a bronchogenic cyst, was surgically removed with complete resolution of the patient's respiratory symptoms. Discussion: Our case shows that differential diagnosis of wheezing in pre-school aged children should encompass causes others than airway reactivity, thus prompting further evaluation and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Roversi
- Academic Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Porcaro
- Paediatric Pulmonology and Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit, Sleep and Long-Term Ventilation Unit, Academic Department of Paediatrics, Research Institute, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Francalanci
- Department of Pathology, Research Institute, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Carotti
- Unit of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Research Institute, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Cutrera
- Paediatric Pulmonology and Respiratory Intermediate Care Unit, Sleep and Long-Term Ventilation Unit, Academic Department of Paediatrics, Research Institute, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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31
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Ayub A, Abid AM, Tran S, Bowen-Jallow K. Subcutaneous bronchogenic cyst of the chest wall. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY CASE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2019.101337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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32
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[Gastric bronchogenic cysts. An unusual location]. REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA : PUBLICACIÓN OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE ANATOMÍA PATOLÓGICA Y DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE CITOLOGÍA 2019; 52:117-119. [PMID: 30902375 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bronchogenic cysts are rare benign lesions that arise during embryogenesis of the primitive proximal intestine and are located primarily in the lung. They are lined with cuboid or columnar pseudostratified and ciliated epithelium and have elastic fibers, smooth muscle, bronchial glands and cartilage in their walls. Gastric bronchogenic cysts are extremely rare with very few reported cases. Symptoms are usually caused by compression. GIST is the main differential diagnosis and the treatment is surgical resection.
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33
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Bayfield N, Stamp N, Laycock A, Merry C. Large air-filled intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst associated with tension pneumothorax during air travel. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:12/3/e228032. [PMID: 30837238 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-228032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A 38-year-old woman developed a spontaneous right-sided tension pneumothorax during light aircraft travel. The aircraft was diverted to a regional centre, where emergent needle thoracostomy and chest tube insertion were performed. History suggested that this was the second episode of pneumothorax, with an untreated event with similar symptomatology during air travel 1 year ago. She was taken for surgical intervention. Intraoperative findings were of a large right middle lobe cyst of uncertain origin; the procedure was subsequently aborted. A CT chest demonstrated a large multiseptated air-filled pulmonary cystic lesion. Inpatient stay was notable for persistent right pneumothorax with interval cyst rupture. A right middle lobectomy was subsequently performed with histopathology showing a benign epithelioid bronchogenic cyst. Recovery was unremarkable with no residual pneumothorax or further episodes at 2 months postoperatively. Preventative excision of air-filled pulmonary abnormalities should be considered prior to air travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Bayfield
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nikki Stamp
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Laycock
- Department of Pathology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Chris Merry
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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34
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Liu Q, Vainrib AF, Aizer A, Dodson JA, Reynolds HR, Cerfolio RJ, Saric M. Multimodality Imaging of a Rare Case of Bronchogenic Cyst Presenting as New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in a Young Woman. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 2:254-257. [PMID: 30582085 PMCID: PMC6302153 DOI: 10.1016/j.case.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bronchogenic cyst is a rare cause of new-onset atrial fibrillation. Cysts are often discovered incidentally on diagnostic imaging. Multimodality imaging is critical for effectively diagnosing bronchogenic cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Alan F Vainrib
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Anthony Aizer
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - John A Dodson
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Harmony R Reynolds
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Robert J Cerfolio
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Muhamed Saric
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
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35
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Hamouri S, Hatamleh M, Alaydi J, Alhadidi H, Alomari M, Aldaoud N, Darayseh B. Intra-thymic bronchogenic cyst an extremely rare tumor of anterior mediastinum in adults. J Cardiothorac Surg 2018; 13:120. [PMID: 30458821 PMCID: PMC6247636 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-018-0809-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intra-thymic bronchogenic cysts are a rare entity but should be considered in the differential of all non-invasive thymic masses. Case presentation We describe a 50-year-old patient who was found to have an incidental thymic mass on computer tomography of the chest. Non-invasive thymoma was suspected and a thoracoscopic thymectomy was performed. Final pathology revealed a bronchogenic cyst. Conclusion Intra-thymic bronchogenic cysts are extremely rare tumors of the anterior mediastinum. It should be considered in differential diagnosis of anterior mediastinal masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Hamouri
- Department of General Surgery and Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Muad Hatamleh
- Department of General Surgery and Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Jamal Alaydi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, King Hussein Medical Center, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hani Alhadidi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, King Hussein Medical Center, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mazen Alomari
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, King Hussein Medical Center, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Najla Aldaoud
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Bashar Darayseh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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36
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Scapular Bronchogenic Cyst in a Girl Presenting as Recurrent Cellulitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Pediatr 2018; 2018:7463724. [PMID: 30186653 PMCID: PMC6114246 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7463724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchogenic cysts are rare, congenital cysts originating from respiratory epithelium and typically found within the chest. Cutaneous bronchogenic cysts are exceedingly uncommon, with only 19 reported cases in the scapular region and almost exclusively occurring in male patients. Herein, we present the case of a female patient with recurrent cellulitis secondary to a bronchogenic cyst, which was diagnosed after surgical excision. We also provide a review of the literature to consolidate the current understanding of cutaneous scapular bronchogenic cysts. To our knowledge, this is the first such case reported from Canada.
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37
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Chhaidar A, Ammar H, Abdessayed N, Azzaza M, Gupta R, Abdennaceur N, Bdioui A, Mokni M, Ali AB. Large bronchogenic cyst of stomach: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2017; 34:126-129. [PMID: 28391172 PMCID: PMC5384289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchogenic cysts of the stomach are rare congenital benign cysts arising as an abnormal budding from primitive tracheobronchial tree. They are lined by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium and contain smooth muscle fibers, mucous glands and/or cartilage in the cyst wall. They are most frequently located close to the gastroesophageal junction or gastric cardia and misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor on preoperative imaging. Surgical excision is the most preferred treatment as it helps in relieving the symptoms as well as confirms the diagnosis. Introduction Bronchogenic cysts are congenital cysts arising as an abnormal budding from primitive tracheobronchial tree. They are lined by pseudostratified columnar or cuboidal ciliated epithelium and contain smooth muscle fibers, submucosal bronchial glands and/or cartilage. They are most frequently located in the mediastinum or the lung parenchyma. Intramural occurrence of bronchogenic cyst in the gastric wall is very rare. Presentation of case We present a case of 65-year-old lady with a 7 × 8 cm lesion in the gastric cardia suspicious of gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Because of the large size, total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunal anastomosis was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful. Histopathological examination revealed a sub-mucosal cyst lined by PCCE with presence of smooth muscle fibers and focal mucous glands. Final diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst was made. On the last follow up at one year, she was symptom free. Discussion On extensive Medline/Pubmed search, only 38 cases of gastric bronchogenic cysts were found to be reported till date. They are typically located in the posterior gastric wall close to the gastric cardia. On radiological imaging, they appear as well defined intramural cystic lesion without any characteristic features. Surgical resection is considered in symptomatic cases or in case of diagnostic dilemma. Conclusion Gastric bronchogenic cysts often mimic gastrointestinal stromal tumor on preoperative imaging. They should be included in the differential diagnosis while dealing with an intramural gastric lesion close to the cardia or gastroesophageal junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Chhaidar
- Department of Surgery, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Houssem Ammar
- Department of Surgery, Monastir University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Nihed Abdessayed
- Department of Pathology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Research Lab: Transfer in Technology in Anatomic Pathology (LR12SP08), Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Azzaza
- Department of Surgery, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Rahul Gupta
- Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, CARE Hospital, Hyderabad, India.
| | | | - Ahlem Bdioui
- Department of Pathology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Research Lab: Transfer in Technology in Anatomic Pathology (LR12SP08), Tunisia.
| | - Moncef Mokni
- Department of Pathology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; Research Lab: Transfer in Technology in Anatomic Pathology (LR12SP08), Tunisia.
| | - Ali Ben Ali
- Department of Surgery, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.
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38
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Arun S, Kumar M, Ross BJ. Mediastinal bronchogenic cyst mimicking congenital lobar emphysema. BMJ Case Rep 2016; 2016:bcr-2016-216704. [PMID: 27609589 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-216704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchogenic cyst (BC) is a rare congenital malformation of the lung. Most patients remain asymptomatic until adulthood while some are symptomatic in the first few years of life. However, symptoms in newborn period are rare. We report a case of a 3-day-old preterm baby with respiratory distress diagnosed as congenital lobar emphysema on chest X-ray. A CT scan revealed a mediastinal cyst causing obstructive lobar emphysema. The cyst was excised and pathological examination was suggestive of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumitha Arun
- Department of Neonatology, Christian Medical College and Hospital Vellore, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Neonatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Benjamin Jeyanth Ross
- Department of Neonatology, Christian Medical College and Hospital Vellore, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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39
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Tu C, Zhu J, Shao C, Mao W, Zhou X, Lin Q, Li Z, Zhang J, Zhou Q, Chen W. Gastric bronchogenic cysts: A case report and literature review. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:1265-1270. [PMID: 27073434 PMCID: PMC4812213 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric bronchogenic cysts are rare lesions, first described in 1956, with only 34 cases reported in the literature to date. The present study described a case of bronchogenic cyst of the stomach in a 17-year-old female who presented with periodic epigastric pain. In addition, the study analyzed the existing literature on these lesions. Gastric bronchogenic cysts are more common in females (female:male ratio, 21:14) and the median age of their development is 43 years. In total, 48.57% of the 34 previously reported cases were identified incidentally, and the remainder presented mainly with epigastric pain. Cyst sizes varied between 1.7 and 15 cm. In 3 cases, preoperative diagnosis was performed using needle biopsy, whereas several studies were initially misdiagnosed as stromal tumors. In 85% of the cases (31/35), cyst resection was performed, with laparoscopy used in 4 of the cases. The findings of the present study and literature review suggested that bronchogenic cysts of the stomach are rare, and surgical resection is warranted to treat symptoms and prevent malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyong Tu
- Department of General Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Jingde Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Chuxiao Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Weibo Mao
- Department of Pathology, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Xingmu Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Qiaomei Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Zhukai Li
- Department of General Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Qingyue Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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40
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Jugpal TS, Garg A, Sethi GR, Daga MK, Kumar J. Multi-detector computed tomography imaging of large airway pathology: A pictorial review. World J Radiol 2015; 7:459-474. [PMID: 26753061 PMCID: PMC4697120 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v7.i12.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tracheobronchial tree is a musculo-cartilagenous framework which acts as a conduit to aerate the lungs and consequently the entire body. A large spectrum of pathological conditions can involve the trachea and bronchial airways. These may be congenital anomalies, infections, post-intubation airway injuries, foreign body aspiration or neoplasms involving the airway. Appropriate management of airway disease requires an early and accurate diagnosis. In this pictorial essay review, we will comprehensively describe the various airway pathologies and their imaging findings by multi-detector computed tomography.
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41
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Forcillo J, Dion D, Sauvageot C, Jeanmart H. Intraventricular Bronchogenic Cyst: A Rare Congenital Anomaly. Ann Thorac Surg 2015; 100:1101-3. [PMID: 26354642 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Intracardiac bronchogenic cyst is a rare congenital anomaly. This tumor is usually found in the mediastinum (12% to 18% of all primary mediastinal masses) or in the lung parenchyma (15% to 30% of them). Although rare, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of intracardiac tumors. Complete resection is recommended for diagnosis and for therapeutic reasons. We present here a rare case of an intracardiac left ventricular bronchogenic cyst in an asymptomatic 41-year-old woman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Forcillo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hôpital Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Daniel Dion
- Department Pathology, Hôpital Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Camille Sauvageot
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hôpital Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hugues Jeanmart
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hôpital Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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42
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Developmental lung malformations in children: recent advances in imaging techniques, classification system, and imaging findings. J Thorac Imaging 2015; 30:29-43; quiz 44-5. [PMID: 25525781 DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Congenital lung anomalies represent a diverse group of developmental malformations of the lung parenchyma, arterial supply, and venous drainage, which may present anywhere from the prenatal period through adulthood. It is imperative for radiologists to be aware of imaging techniques and imaging appearance of these anomalies across the pediatric age range. This review presents the spectrum of these lesions that are often encountered in daily clinical practice. Each anomaly is discussed in terms of underlying etiology, clinical presentation, and imaging characterization with emphasis on the most up-to-date research and treatment. Knowledge of these areas is essential for accurate, timely diagnosis, which aids in optimizing patient outcomes.
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43
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Lin F, Zhang C, Cheng K, Dang D, Zhao Y. Thoracoscopic excision of two bronchogenic cysts located in highest upper mediastinum: Report of two cases. Pak J Med Sci 2015; 31:721-3. [PMID: 26150875 PMCID: PMC4485302 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.313.6921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital malformation that need surgical removal. To date, bronchogenic cysts located in highest upper mediastinum excised by thoracoscopy have not been reported, though complete thoracoscopic extirpation of a bronchogenic cyst has been reported before. We excised two highest upper bronchogenic cysts by thoracoscopy successfully without any postoperative complication, demonstrating thoracoscopy could be a first-line therapeutic option even for highest upper mediastinum brochogenic cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwu Lin
- Fengwu Lin, Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Chuan Zhang, Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Kunpeng Cheng
- Kunpeng Cheng, Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Dan Dang
- Yan Zhao, Department of Endocrine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Yan Zhao, Department of Endocrine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
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44
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Vimala LR, Sathya RKBS, Lionel AP, Kishore JS, Navamani K. Unilateral Obstructive Emphysema in Infancy due to Mediastinal Bronchogenic Cyst-Diagnostic Challenge and Management. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:TD03-5. [PMID: 26155530 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/13463.5872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Bronchogenic cysts are the most common cystic mediastinal lesion in children. Bronchogenic cyst causing unilateral obstructive emphysema is a rare presentation. We report the case of a one and half month old infant who presented with respiratory distress which was initially suspected as left pneumothorax on frontal chest radiograph but was later found to be due to hyperinflated left lung and hence the possibility of congenital lobar emphysema was considered. CT thorax and limited MRI sections revealed a cystic lesion in mediastinum causing obstructive emphysema and mediastinal displacement. He underwent an emergency thoracotomy and excision of the cyst via an extrapleural approach. Post operatively, rapid improvement of the infant was noticed both clinically as well as radiologically. Cross sectional imaging like CT or MR is required for reaching the correct and early diagnosis in paediatric patients with respiratory distress, when there is diagnostic dilemma based on chest radiograph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Robinson Vimala
- Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, Christian Medical College , Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Arul Premanand Lionel
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College , Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kirubakaran Navamani
- Resident, Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College , Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sertić Milić H, Franjević A, Bubanović G, Marušić A, Nikolić I, Puljić I. Size, edge, and stage of NSCLC determine the release of CYFRA 21-1 in bloodstream. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2015; 127:465-71. [PMID: 25917364 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-014-0678-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The computed tomography (CT) is the "golden standard" for the assessment of lung cancer progression due to its ability to clearly display the radiomorphologic characteristics. As lung cancer mortality is very high, more comprehensive approaches may be needed for its earlier diagnosis. The research hypothesis was to investigate the relation between the CT morphologic characteristics (size, stage, and edges) of pulmonary lesion and the extent of release of a soluble fragment of cytokeratin 19 being a part of the cytoskeleton of lung epithelial cells. METHODS This is a retrospective study including 246 pulmonary lesions being diagnosed and subsequently treated at the University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia. The information about the relevant clinical, radiological, and laboratory facts was collected at the time of diagnosis in 164 NSCLC patients, 52 patients with pulmonary metastases, and 30 benign cysts. CYFRA 21-1 was determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The nonparametric statistical methods were applied. RESULTS There was a positive correlation between the size and CYFRA 21-1 in NSCLC unlike metastases or cysts (p = 0.0001). The highest values of CYFRA 21-1 were seen in advanced stages of NSCLC and lesions with spiculated edges. CONCLUSIONS The level of CYFRA 21-1 positively correlates with the greatest size of NSCLC measured by CT. The differences in CYFRA 21-1 according to TNM classification are significant (p = 0.0001): higher values were observed in advanced stages and with tumors having spiculated, lobulated, and poorly defined edges. The combination of CYFRA 21-1 and CT may help articulate the malignancy of pulmonary lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Sertić Milić
- Clinical Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Esophageal bronchogenic cyst and review of the literature. Surg Endosc 2015; 29:3010-5. [PMID: 25669636 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-015-4082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchogenic cysts are rare foregut abnormalities that arise from aberrant budding of the tracheobronchial tree early in embryological development. These cysts predominantly appear in the mediastinum, where they may compress nearby structures. Intra-abdominal bronchogenic cysts are rare. We report an intra-abdominal bronchogenic cyst that was excised laparoscopically. METHODS A 40-year old female with a history of gastritis presented for evaluation of recurrent abdominal pain. A previous ultrasound showed cholelithiasis and a presumed portal cyst. Physical examination and laboratory findings were unremarkable. A CT scan with pancreatic protocol was performed and an intra-abdominal mass adherent to the esophagus was visualized. A laparascopic enucleation of the mass was performed. A 3-cm myotomy was made after circumferential dissection of the cyst and the decision was made intraoperatively to reapproximate the muscularis layer. A PubMed literature search on surgical management of esophageal bronchogenic cysts was subsequently performed. RESULTS The literature search performed on the subject of esophageal bronchogenic cysts found one review article focusing on intramural esophageal bronchogenic cysts in the mediastinum and five case reports of esophageal bronchogenic cysts. Of these, only one was both intraabdominal and managed laparascopically with simple closure of the resulting myotomy. The majority of the bronchogenic cysts mentioned in the literature were located mediastinally and were managed via open thoracotomy. Our findings confirm the rarity of this particular presentation and the unique means by which this cyst was surgically excised. CONCLUSION This case highlights the management of a rare entity and advocates for enucleation of noncommunicating, extraluminal esophageal bronchogenic cysts and closure of the esophageal muscular layers over intact mucosa as a viable surgical approach to this unusual pathology. Other cases of laparascopic enucleation of bronchogenic cysts have shown similarly uneventful postoperative courses and rapid recovery with no apparent return of symptoms.
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Ashraf HZ, Ahangar AG, Lone GN, Rathore SS, Ashai M. Mediastinal bronchogenic cyst compressing left recurrent laryngeal nerve. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2014; 21:729-31. [PMID: 24569336 DOI: 10.1177/0218492312467542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A 15-year-old boy developed recurrent laryngeal nerve compression by a bronchogenic cyst, causing recurrent choking. Bronchogenic cyst compressing the recurrent laryngeal nerve is unusual. The patient had a normal voice and occasional choking with periods of normalcy in between. A left posterolateral thoracotomy was performed and cyst was excised. Histopathology revealed bronchogenic cyst.
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Thacker PG, Rao AG, Hill JG, Lee EY. Congenital Lung Anomalies in Children and Adults. Radiol Clin North Am 2014; 52:155-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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