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Ge MM, Wang LW, Wang J, Liu J, Chen P, Liu XX, Wang G, Gong GW, Jiang ZW. Prediction of perioperative complications in colorectal cancer via artificial intelligence analysis of heart rate variability. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17:102934. [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i4.102934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2024] [Revised: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 02/08/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart rate variability (HRV) represents efferent vagus nerve activity, which is suggested to be related to fundamental mechanisms of tumorigenesis and to be a predictor of prognosis in various cancers. Therefore, this study hypothesized that HRV monitoring could predict perioperative complication (PC) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.
AIM To investigate the prognostic value of HRV in hospitalized CRC patients.
METHODS The observational studies included 87 patients who underwent CRC surgical procedures under enhanced recovery after surgery programs in a first-class hospital. The HRV parameters were compared between the PC group and the non PC (NPC) group from preoperative day 1 to postoperative day (Pod) 3. In addition, inflammatory biomarkers and nutritional indicators were also analyzed.
RESULTS The complication rate was 14.9%. HRV was markedly abnormal after surgery, especially in the PC group. The frequency-domain parameters (including pNN50) and time-domain parameters [including high-frequency (HF)] of HRV were significantly different between the two groups postoperatively. The pNN50 was significantly greater at Pod1 in the PC group than that in the NPC group and returned to baseline at Pod2, suggesting that patients with complications exhibited autonomic nerve dysfunction in the early postoperative period. In the PC group, HFs were also enhanced from Pod1 and were significantly higher than in the NPC group; inflammatory biomarkers were significantly elevated at Pod2 and Pod3; the levels of nutritional indicators were significantly lower at Pod1 and Pod2; and the white blood cell count was slightly elevated at Pod3.
CONCLUSION HRV is independently associated with postoperative complications in patients with CRC. Abnormal HRV could predicted an increased risk of postoperative complications in CRC patients. Continuous HRV could be used to monitor complications in patients with CRC during the perioperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Wen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 000000, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guan-Wen Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
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Sun J, Du X, Chen Y. Current Progress on Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction: An Update. J Integr Neurosci 2024; 23:224. [PMID: 39735960 DOI: 10.31083/j.jin2312224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 12/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) represents a significant clinical concern, particularly among elderly surgical patients. It is characterized by a decline in cognitive performance, affecting memory, attention, coordination, orientation, verbal fluency, and executive function. This decline in cognitive abilities leads to longer hospital stays and increased mortality. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current progress in understanding the relevant pathogenic factors, possible pathogenic mechanisms, diagnosing, prevention and treatment of POCD, as well as suggesting future research directions. It discusses neuronal damage, susceptible genes, central cholinergic system, central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, stress response and glucocorticoids, and oxidative stress in the development of POCD, aiming to uncover the pathological mechanism and develop effective treatment strategies for POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaohong Du
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Province Key of Laboratory of Anesthesiology, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Shi W, Li S, Liu Q, Ji Y, Weng X, Du J. Up-regulated fatty acid-binding protein 4 promoted cardiac injury during open colorectal surgery in elderly patients. J Visc Surg 2024; 161:364-371. [PMID: 39672647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2024.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) has been shown to increase cardiovascular disease. The FABP4 levels in serum and adipose tissue and the possible regulatory mechanisms during colorectal cancer surgery in elderly patients remain unknown. METHODS Four hundred elderly patients with colorectal cancer were recruited, 200 underwent laparoscopic surgery (LS) and 200 underwent open surgery (OS). Blood samples and mesenteric adipose tissue were collected at T1 (beginning of surgery) and T2 (end of surgery). Immunohistochemistry and biochemical analysis were used to evaluate the FABP4, cardiac troponin T (cTnT), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and myoglobin (MYO) levels. Correlations between FABP4 and cTnT, CK-MB, MYO were further analyzed. RESULTS The expressions of FABP4 in mesenteric adipose tissue were significantly increased at T2 than T1 in OS group. The serum levels of FABP4, cTnT, CK-MB and MYO were significantly increased at T2 than T1 in OS group, and the OS group induced higher FABP4, cTnT, CK-MB and MYO levels than LS group at T2. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that serum levels of FABP4 were strongly correlated with cTnT, CK-MB, and MYO. CONCLUSIONS OS induced significantly increased FABP4 expressions in adipose tissue and caused cardiac injury in elderly patients with colorectal cancer. FABP4 is closely associated with cardiac injury, raising the possibility that adipose tissue may be causally involved in the pathogenesis of heart dysfunction during open surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuli Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Ji
- Department of Pain management, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Weng
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Jianer Du
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200092 Shanghai, China.
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Zivkovic A, Jotic A, Dozic I, Randjelovic S, Cirkovic I, Medic B, Milovanovic J, Trivić A, Korugic A, Vukasinović I, Savic Vujovic K. Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Postoperative Complications and Quality of Life After Laryngeal Cancer Surgery. Cells 2024; 13:1951. [PMID: 39682700 DOI: 10.3390/cells13231951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Revised: 11/11/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Laryngeal surgery due to carcinoma leads to significant tissue disruption, cellular injury, and inflammation. This leads to increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing oxidative damage that can influence quality of life (QOL) and recovery and complicate the postoperative course. The aim of this study was to compare how postoperative quality of life and surgical complication occurrence interacted with the biomarker levels of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, MDA; superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione peroxidase 1, GPX1; and catalase, CAT) and inflammation (interleukin 1, IL-1; interleukin 6, IL-6; C-reactive protein, CRP) in patients treated with conservative and radical laryngeal surgery. (2) Methods: The study included 56 patients who underwent surgical treatment for laryngeal cancer. Blood samples were collected to analyze oxidative stress and inflammation parameters before surgery and on the first and seventh days postoperatively. Serum concentrations of MDA, SOD, GPX, CAT, IL-1, IL-6, and CRP were measured using coated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. EORTC QLQ-H&H43 questionnaire was used to measure the QOL of patients. (3) Results and Conclusions: T stage, pain intensity, and the extent of the surgical procedure were established as significant predictive factors for QOL in multivariate analysis. There was a significant positive correlation between surgical complication occurrence and preoperative values of GPX and MDA, but significant predictors of surgical complication occurrence on the 7th postoperative day were SOD and MDA values (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andjela Zivkovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, P.O. Box 38, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Jotic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, P.O. Box 38, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinical Center, Serbia Pasterova 2, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Dozic
- General and Oral Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica-Starijeg 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Simona Randjelovic
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinical Center, Serbia Pasterova 2, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Cirkovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, P.O. Box 38, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branislava Medic
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, P.O. Box 38, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovica Milovanovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, P.O. Box 38, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinical Center, Serbia Pasterova 2, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Trivić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, P.O. Box 38, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinical Center, Serbia Pasterova 2, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksa Korugic
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinical Center, Serbia Pasterova 2, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Vukasinović
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Clinical Center, Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Savic Vujovic
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, P.O. Box 38, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
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Oh TK, Song IA. Association of Preoperative Opioid and Glucocorticoid Use With Mortality and Complication After Total Knee or Hip Arthroplasty. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e265. [PMID: 39468946 PMCID: PMC11519059 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between preoperative opioid or glucocorticoid (GC) use and clinical outcomes, such as postoperative mortality after total joint arthroplasty (TJA), is unclear. METHODS A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted. Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. Patients who underwent TJA (total knee or total hip arthroplasty) between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2021, were included. We examined whether the patients had been prescribed opioids or oral GC for > 90 days prior to TJA. RESULTS In total, 664,598 patients who underwent TJA were included, among whom 245,260 (52.4%), 23,076 (3.5%), and 47,777 (7.2%) were classified into the opioid, GC, and opioid and GC groups, respectively. Compared to the non-user group, the opioid and GC user groups showed 53% (odds ratio [OR], 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-2.30; P = 0.010) higher odds of in-hospital mortality. Compared to non-users, GC users (hazard ratio [HR], 1.24; 95% CI, 1.15-1.34; P < 0.001) and opioid and GC users (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.14-1.35; P < 0.001) showed a higher risk of 1-year all-cause mortality. Compared to the non-user group, GC users (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.15; P < 0.001) and opioid and GC users (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01-1.11; P = 0.014) showed higher odds of postoperative complications. CONCLUSION Preoperative GC use and concomitant use of opioid analgesics with GC were associated with increased postoperative mortality and morbidity after TJA. However, preoperative chronic opioid analgesic use alone did not affect postoperative mortality or morbidity.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use
- Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/mortality
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects
- Male
- Female
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/mortality
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects
- Retrospective Studies
- Middle Aged
- Aged
- Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use
- Glucocorticoids/adverse effects
- Republic of Korea/epidemiology
- Odds Ratio
- Hospital Mortality
- Postoperative Complications/mortality
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Databases, Factual
- Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Tak Kyu Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - In-Ae Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
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Damanti S, Senini E, De Lorenzo R, Merolla A, Santoro S, Festorazzi C, Messina M, Vitali G, Sciorati C, Rovere-Querini P. Acute Sarcopenia: Mechanisms and Management. Nutrients 2024; 16:3428. [PMID: 39458423 PMCID: PMC11510680 DOI: 10.3390/nu16203428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute sarcopenia refers to the swift decline in muscle function and mass following acute events such as illness, surgery, trauma, or burns that presents significant challenges in hospitalized older adults. METHODS narrative review to describe the mechanisms and management of acute sarcopenia. RESULTS The prevalence of acute sarcopenia ranges from 28% to 69%, likely underdiagnosed due to the absence of muscle mass and function assessments in most clinical settings. Systemic inflammation, immune-endocrine dysregulation, and anabolic resistance are identified as key pathophysiological factors. Interventions include early mobilization, resistance exercise, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and nutritional strategies such as protein supplementation, leucine, β-hydroxy-β-methyl-butyrate, omega-3 fatty acids, and creatine monohydrate. Pharmaceuticals show variable efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Future research should prioritize serial monitoring of muscle parameters, identification of predictive biomarkers, and the involvement of multidisciplinary teams from hospital admission to address sarcopenia. Early and targeted interventions are crucial to improve outcomes and prevent long-term disability associated with acute sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Damanti
- Internal Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (G.V.); (P.R.-Q.)
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Eleonora Senini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Rebecca De Lorenzo
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Aurora Merolla
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Simona Santoro
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Costanza Festorazzi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Marco Messina
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Giordano Vitali
- Internal Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (G.V.); (P.R.-Q.)
| | - Clara Sciorati
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Internal Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (G.V.); (P.R.-Q.)
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20100 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (R.D.L.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (C.F.); (M.M.)
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Kaplan O, Arıcıgil M, Erdem RO, Abakir N, Eravcı FC, Arbag H. Impact of Piezo and other Osteotomy Models on Soft Tissue, Blood Oxidative Stress, and Proinflammatory Markers. Niger J Clin Pract 2024; 27:716-722. [PMID: 38943295 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_686_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhinoplasty is a common surgical procedure used in nose esthetics and pathologies. Shaping the nasal bones is a crucial step in achieving successful rhinoplasty surgery. However, complications such as excessive bleeding, edema, mucosal damage, and periosteal damage may occur during osteotomy for nose shaping. AIM To investigate the damage to soft tissue and the effects on oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines in the blood caused by osteotomy performed on rabbits, using different osteotomy methods. Methods: Thirty-two albino New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups. Group A was the sham group (n = 8), Group B the piezoelectric device group (n = 8), Group C the manual saw group (n = 8), and Group D the classical osteotomy group (n = 8). About 3 ml of blood was drawn to compare preoperative and postoperative interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and glutathione (GSH) levels. A 1 mm3 piece of soft tissue from the nasal bone of each animal in the study groups was sent for histopathological examination. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the incidence of postoperative necrosis, inflammation, and edema in the groups. RESULTS Histopathologically, edema was significantly higher in Group C and Group D compared to Group B. Inflammation was increased in all groups. The necrosis was significantly higher in Group B compared to Group C and Group D. Except for two parameters, no significant changes were found in the biochemical markers for all groups. CONCLUSIONS The piezoelectric device was found to be a better option for reducing edema and inflammation, while manual saws and classical osteotomy may lead to more tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kaplan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seydisehir State Hospital, Seydisehir, Turkey
| | - M Arıcıgil
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - R O Erdem
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - N Abakir
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - F C Eravcı
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - H Arbag
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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Heydari F, Nasiri M, Haroabadi A, Fahanik Babaei J, Pestehei SK. Efficacy of melatonin in alleviating disorders arising from repeated exposure to sevoflurane in males and females of the Wistar rats during preadolescence. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11889. [PMID: 38789558 PMCID: PMC11126601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pediatricians use sevoflurane due to its fast action and short recovery time. However, studies have shown that repeated exposure to anesthesia can affect learning and memory. Melatonin, an indole-type neuroendocrine hormone, has significant anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Melatonin's impact on cognitive behavior in sevoflurane-anesthetized males and females of the Wistar rats during preadolescence was examined in this research. The cognitive function was evaluated by shuttle box and morris water maze tests, while interleukin-10, Catalase (CAT), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) were evaluated using ELISA kits. The expression levels of the apoptosis-linked proteins, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3, were determined using the western blotting technique. The learning and memory latencies of the rats were more significant in the sevoflurane groups than in the control group; however, the latencies were significantly shorter in the sevoflurane and melatonin groups than in the control group. The levels of MDA, TNF-α, Bax, and caspase-3 were significantly higher in the sevoflurane groups than in the control group. We also found that the levels of CAT and Bcl-2 were significantly reduced in the sevoflurane groups compared to the control group. Increasing levels of CAT, Bcl-2, and decreasing levels of MDA, TNF-α, Bax, and caspase-3 in response to melatonin indicate a possible contribution to the recovery from the sevoflurane impairment. Melatonin shows neuroprotective effects in male and female rats with sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment. This suggests melatonin could be a valuable treatment for learning and memory deficits resulting from repeated exposure to sevoflurane, possibly by controlling apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Heydari
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Nasiri
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Research Center Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Haroabadi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Fahanik Babaei
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Research Center Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Khalil Pestehei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Research Center Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Liaghat M, Yaghoubzad-Maleki M, Nabi-Afjadi M, Fathi Z, Zalpoor H, Heidari N, Bahreini E. A Review of the Potential Role of CoQ10 in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:575-593. [PMID: 37632587 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The coenzyme ubiquinone-10 (CoQ10) is not only an important part of the electron transport chain of the mitochondrial inner membrane but also has complex biological functions beyond mitochondrial respiration. It is a natural nutrient that is not only produced by the body but is also found in foods, such as meat, eggs, fish, and vegetable oils. Because some types of cancer reduce CoQ10 blood levels, the use of CoQ10 supplements is recommended for the treatment of cancer patients. The anti-cancer effects of CoQ10 supplementation have been reported in several cancers, including colon and breast cancer. CoQ10 scavenges free radicals to reduce oxidative stress and minimize tissue damage. CoQ10 protects the body from damage caused by chemotherapy drugs by reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory factors. Recent studies suggest that CoQ10 may be a supplement to pharmacotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. This article examines the effects of CoQ10 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Liaghat
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yaghoubzad-Maleki
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Fathi
- Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Heidari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614525, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Bahreini
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614525, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Peršec J, Šribar A, Ilić M, Mamić I, Kifer D, Domijan AM, Maleš Ž, Turčić P. Effects of epidurally administered dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone on postoperative pain, analgesic requirements, inflammation, and oxidative stress in thoracic surgery. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2023; 73:691-708. [PMID: 38147472 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as adjuvants to preoperative epidural administration of local anesthetic (ropivacaine) in thoracic surgery on the postoperative level of pain, use of analgesics, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The study enrolled 42 patients who underwent elective thoracic surgery in a one-year period at the University Hospital Dubrava (Zagreb, Croatia). Based on a computer-generated randomization list the patients were assigned to the dexmedetomidine (n = 18) or dexamethasone (n = 24) group. Postoperatively, patients of dexmedetomidine group reported lower pain (VAS value 1 h post surgery, 3.4 ± 2.7 vs. 5.4 ± 1.8, dexmedetomidine vs. dexamethasone, p < 0.01) and had lower anal-gesic requirements in comparison with dexamethasone group. Thus, dexmedetomidine in comparison with dexamethasone was more efficient in lowering pain and analgesia requirements 24 h after the surgery. On the contrary, dexamethasone had better anti-inflammatory properties (CRP level 24 h post surgery, 131.9 ± 90.7 vs. 26.0 ± 55.2 mg L-1, dexmedetomidine vs. dexamethasone, p < 0.01). Both dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone exhibited antioxidant effects, however, their antioxidant properties should be further explored. The results of this study improve current knowledge of pain control in thoracic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasminka Peršec
- 1Clinical Department for Anesthesiology Reanimatology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Dubrava Zagreb, Croatia
- 2School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrej Šribar
- 1Clinical Department for Anesthesiology Reanimatology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Dubrava Zagreb, Croatia
- 2School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Monika Ilić
- 1Clinical Department for Anesthesiology Reanimatology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Dubrava Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Mamić
- 3University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Kifer
- 4University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Biophysics, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana-Marija Domijan
- 5University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željan Maleš
- 5University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Turčić
- 3University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Zagreb, Croatia
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11
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Al Gburi MRA, Altinoz E, Elbe H, Onal MO, Yilmaz U, Yilmaz N, Karayakali M, Demir M. Pinealectomy and melatonin administration in rats: their effects on pulmonary edema induced by α-naphthylthiourea. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:1024-1034. [PMID: 36069203 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2119994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to observe the possible effects of melatonin (MLT) deprivation (pinealectomy) and exogenous MLT administration on pulmonary edema induced by alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU), a toxic chemical agent, in rats. Seventy animals were assigned to seven groups: control, sham pinealectomy (PINX), PINX, ANTU (10 mg/kg intraperitoneal on day 30), ANTU + MLT (10 mg/kg/day i.p. for 30 days), ANTU + PINX, and ANTU + PINX + MLT.In this study, pleural effusion (PE) formation, lung weight/body weight (LW/BW) and PE/BW ratios (fluid accumulation and weight values in the lungs) increase detected. Pre-ANTU MLT administration led to significant decreases in PE, LW/BW, and PE/BW levels. The inhibited glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and high malondialdehyde (MDA) levels that ANTU increase lipid peroxidation in the study. MLT administration eliminated oxidative stress by reducing MDA and ameliorating GSH and SOD levels.Pre-ANTU MLT administration led to a significant decrease in interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in the lung when compared to the ANTU group without MLT administration. Post-pinealectomy ANTU administration significantly increased IL-1β and TNF-α levels when compared to ANTU and MLT administration without pinealectomy. Diffused inflammatory cell infiltration, interstitial pulmonary edema, and histopathological congestion were observed after the administration of ANTU. Severity of the damage was elevated in the ANTU + PINX group. MLT treatment regressed pulmonary effusion and edema and improves lung structure. In brief, the findings suggested that MLT inhibited proinflammatory mediators and could serve as a therapeutic agent to prevent inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eyup Altinoz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Hulya Elbe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Melike Ozgul Onal
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Umit Yilmaz
- Department of Physiology, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Nesibe Yilmaz
- Department of Anatomy, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Melike Karayakali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Demir
- Department of Physiology, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
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12
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Hung YT, Hung WK, Chi CC. Effects of Preoperative Chronic Steroid Use on Postoperative Outcomes in Orthopedic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1328. [PMID: 37765136 PMCID: PMC10536822 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Higher rates of postoperative complications have been found in preoperative chronic steroid users. However, the effects of preoperative chronic steroid use on outcomes in orthopedic surgery were unclear. We performed a systematic review of cohort studies examining the effects of chronic steroid use on postoperative outcomes following orthopedic surgery and searched PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL through 29 April 2023. We included 17 studies with 1,546,562 patients. No increase in 30-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64-3.09) and composite thromboembolic events (aOR 1.61, 95% CI 0.99-2.63) but increases in 30-day overall complications (aOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.16-1.75), wound dehiscence (aOR 2.91, 95% CI 1.49-5.66), infectious complications (any infection (aOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.44-1.80), sepsis (aOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.34-3.21), superficial surgical site infection (SSI) (aOR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03-2.89) and deep SSI (aOR 1.96, 95% CI 1.26-3.05)), re-admission (aOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.48-1.77), both 30-day (aOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.03-1.59) and 1-year re-operation (aOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.09-2.92), pulmonary embolism (aOR 5.94, 95% CI 1.52-23.29), and deep vein thrombosis (aOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.24-3.46) were detected in preoperative steroid users. An increased risk of adverse outcomes following orthopedic surgery in chronic steroid users was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Hung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Kai Hung
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Chi Chi
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
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13
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Demiri CD, Kaselas C, Iliadis S, Tsopozidi M, Spyridakis I. Studying the surgical stress in open and laparoscopic treatment of inguinal hernia in children. Pediatr Investig 2023; 7:71-74. [PMID: 37324596 PMCID: PMC10262887 DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charikleia D. Demiri
- Second Department of Paediatric Surgery, School of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
| | - Christos Kaselas
- Second Department of Paediatric Surgery, School of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
| | - Stavros Iliadis
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry DepartmentSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
| | - Maria Tsopozidi
- Second Department of Paediatric Surgery, School of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
| | - Ioannis Spyridakis
- Second Department of Paediatric Surgery, School of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
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14
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Vanreusel I, Taeymans J, Van Craenenbroeck E, Segers VFM, Van Berendoncks A, Briedé JJ, Hens W. Elevated oxidative stress in patients with congenital heart disease and the effect of cyanosis: a meta-analysis. Free Radic Res 2023; 57:470-486. [PMID: 38000042 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2284639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological mechanism in the development of numerous cardiovascular disorders. To improve therapy and preventive strategies, clinicians need a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of congenital heart diseases (CHD). The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine whether oxidative stress is elevated in patients with CHD compared to healthy controls, and to evaluate whether a difference in oxidative stress parameters can be observed between patients with cyanotic (cCHD) and acyanotic CHD (aCHD). Therefore, 21 studies investigating oxidative stress in peripheral blood of both children and adults with CHD were reviewed. Different methods to assess the oxidant status were compared and divided into three categories: pro-oxidative or anti-oxidative stress markers and the ratio of pro-to-anti oxidative stress markers. This meta-analysis showed elevated oxidative stress levels in patients with CHD, and more specifically in patients with cCHD. Moreover, this indicates that there could be potential in oxidative stress measurements as a new biomarker of disease severity. Further research will be needed to clarify the exact role of oxidative stress and its contributors in CHD in order to get a better and more in-depth understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of CHD, especially the higher susceptibility of the right ventricle (RV) to progress to heart failure (HF). This could facilitate the development of antioxidant treatments and RV-specific HF therapies, which are necessary to improve survival in these patients and could be of particular importance in cCHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inne Vanreusel
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jan Taeymans
- Division of Physiotherapy, School of Health Professions, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Emeline Van Craenenbroeck
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vincent F M Segers
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Van Berendoncks
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jacob J Briedé
- Department of Toxicogenomics, School of Oncology and Reproduction (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy Hens
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Centre, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, MOVANT Research Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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15
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Yilmaz S, Doğanyiğit Z, Oflamaz AO, Ateş Ş, Uçar S, Söylemez ESA. Detection of melatonin protective effects in sepsis via argyrophilic nucleolar regulatory region-associated protein synthesis and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:915-926. [PMID: 36546873 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the protective effect of melatonin was investigated in lipopolysaccharide induced sepsis model. Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided: Control, Melatonin, LPS and LPS + Melatonin. After LPS application, surgically remove kidney and liver tissues. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) an oxidative stress marker and the immunoreactivity of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and transcription factor NF-κB were evaluated immunohistochemically. Expression levels for TLR4, TNF-α, NF-kB, IL-1β (interleukin 1 beta), and IL-6 (interleukin 6) were evaluated. Additionally, Argyrophilic NOR staining was performed in tissues. Vacuolization and inflammation were more intense in the kidney and liver sections in the LPS group compared to the other groups. It was observed that vacuolization and inflammation were decreased in LPS + Melatonin applied groups. It was determined that glomerular damage was increased in the LPS and LPS-melatonin groups, but the damage rate LPS-Melatonin group was decrease in the LPS group. It was determined that the MDA level in tissues of the LPS group was importantly increased compared to other groups. Additionally, TAA/NA ratio statistically significant differences were discovered between the groups. This study supports the potential protective effects of 10 mg/kg melatonin by modulating critical markers of local immune reaction in a model of LPS-induced sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seher Yilmaz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Züleyha Doğanyiğit
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Aslı Okan Oflamaz
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Ateş
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Sümeyye Uçar
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Evrim Suna Arıkan Söylemez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyon, Turkey
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16
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Melatonin in Newborn Infants Undergoing Surgery: A Pilot Study on Its Effects on Postoperative Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030563. [PMID: 36978811 PMCID: PMC10044879 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgery is frequently associated with excessive oxidative stress. Melatonin acts as an antioxidant and transient melatonin deficiency has been described in neonatal surgical patients. This randomized, blinded, prospective pilot study tested the hypothesis that oral melatonin supplementation in newborn infants undergoing surgery is effective in reducing perioperative oxidative stress. A total of twenty-three newborn infants requiring surgery were enrolled: 10 received a single dose of oral melatonin 0.5 mg/kg in the morning, before surgery (MEL group), and 13 newborns served as the control group (untreated group). Plasma concentrations of melatonin, Non-Protein-Bound Iron (NPBI), Advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP), and F2-Isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) were measured. Both in the pre- and postoperative period, melatonin concentrations were significantly higher in the MEL group than in the untreated group (preoperative: 1265.50 ± 717.03 vs. 23.23 ± 17.71 pg/mL, p < 0.0001; postoperative: 1465.20 ± 538.38 vs. 56.47 ± 37.18 pg/mL, p < 0.0001). Melatonin significantly increased from the pre- to postoperative period in the untreated group (23.23 ± 17.71 vs. 56.47 ± 37.18 pg/mL; pg/mL p = 0.006). In the MEL group, the mean blood concentrations of NPBI, F2-IsoPs, and AOPP significantly decreased from the pre- to the postoperative period (4.69 ± 3.85 vs. 1.65 ± 1.18 micromol/dL, p = 0.049; 128.40 ± 92.30 vs. 50.25 ± 47.47 pg/mL, p = 0.037 and 65.18 ± 15.50 vs. 43.98 ± 17.92 micromol/dL, p = 0.022, respectively). Melatonin concentration increases physiologically from the pre- to the postoperative period, suggesting a defensive physiologic response to counteract oxidative stress. The administration of exogenous melatonin in newborn infants undergoing surgery reduces lipid and protein peroxidation in the postoperative period, showing a potential role in protecting babies from the deleterious consequences of oxidative stress.
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17
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Shrestha A, Dani M, Kemp P, Fertleman M. Acute Sarcopenia after Elective and Emergency Surgery. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1759-1769. [PMID: 36465176 PMCID: PMC9662269 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an increasingly recognised condition of loss of muscle mass and function. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWSOP2) updated their definition in 2018, emphasising the importance of low muscle strength in diagnosis. Acute sarcopenia has been arbitrarily defined as sarcopenia lasting less than 6 months. This review highlights the pathophysiology involved in muscle wasting following surgery, focussing on hormonal factors, inflammation, microRNAs, and oxidative stress. Biomarkers such as GDF-15, IGF-1 and various microRNAs may predict post-surgical muscle loss. The impact of existing sarcopenia on various types of surgery and incident muscle wasting following surgery is also described. The gaps in research found include the need for longitudinal studies looking in changes in muscle strength and quantity following surgery. Further work is needed to examine if biomarkers are replicated in other surgery to consolidate existing theories on the pathophysiology of muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Shrestha
- Cutrale Perioperative and Ageing group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Dani
- Cutrale Perioperative and Ageing group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Kemp
- National Lung and Health Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Fertleman
- Cutrale Perioperative and Ageing group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
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18
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Zeng H, Liu X, Zhang Z, Song X, Quan J, Zheng J, Shen Z, Ni Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Hu G. Self-healing, injectable hydrogel based on dual dynamic covalent cross-linking against postoperative abdominal cavity adhesion. Acta Biomater 2022; 151:210-222. [PMID: 35995405 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Clinically, increasing the peritoneal barrier is an effective adjunct to reducing postoperative peritoneal adhesion. This study presents a facile template for preparing a supramolecular hybrid hydrogel through dynamic covalent cross-linking between carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), 2-formylphenylboronic acid (2-FPBA), and quercetin (Que). The as-prepared complex CMCS/2-FPBA/Que (CFQ) hydrogel exhibited favorable antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. A L929 cytotoxicity evaluation confirmed the favorable cytocompatibility of the CFQ hydrogel. The postoperative anti-adhesion ability of the CFQ hydrogel was further evaluated in rats with lateral wall defects and cecal abrasions. Compared with control groups, the tissue adhesion rate was significantly reduced by increasing the Que concentration in all the hydrogel-treated groups. Additionally, the sustained-release time of the C3F0.8Q0.08 hydrogel can exceed 14 days, which is highly desirable for clinical wound treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Postoperative adhesions are a very common postoperative complication that seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The currently commonly used methods for preventing adhesion mainly use degradable barrier materials for physical separation. In this study, we prepared a dual dynamic covalently cross-linked CFQ hydrogel, which is not only degradable and injectable, but also has multiple properties such as antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, which can effectively prevent postoperative adhesion and promote wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
| | - Zequn Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
| | - Xianwen Song
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jun Quan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaolong Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
| | - Yaqiong Ni
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chuntai Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Gui Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China.
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19
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Elattar KM, El-Khateeb AY, Hamed SE. Insights into the recent progress in the medicinal chemistry of pyranopyrimidine analogs. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:522-567. [PMID: 35694689 PMCID: PMC9133730 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00076h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocycles containing the pyranopyrimidine motif have attracted the interest of researchers in recent decades due to their ability to synthesize and explore at a large scale to explore the biological diversity. Therefore, this review highlights the biological characteristics and synthetic approaches adopted to prepare pyranopyrimidine analogs in the last five years. Several novel preparation procedures have been summarized to synthesize these compounds using ionic, basic, or nanocatalysts or catalyst-free conditions to obtain these compounds in good yields. Pyranopyrimidines could also be used as ligands in the preparation of metal complexes with increased biological potency. The different sections include the antimicrobial, antitubercular, antimalarial, antiviral "SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors", antidiabetic, antitumor, cytotoxic, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, anticoagulant, urease inhibitory activities, and tyrosine inhibitors. The results are discussed based on the structure-activity relationships (SARs) and the mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M Elattar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University El-Gomhoria Street Mansoura 35516 Egypt +201010655354
| | - Ayman Y El-Khateeb
- Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University El-Gomhoria Street Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Sahar E Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University Damietta 22052 Egypt
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20
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Graniczkowska KB, Shaffer CL, Cassone VM. Transcriptional effects of melatonin on the gut commensal bacterium Klebsiella aerogenes. Genomics 2022; 114:110321. [PMID: 35218872 PMCID: PMC8934286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella (nee Enterobacter) aerogenes is the first human gut commensal bacterium with a documented sensitivity to the pineal/gastrointestinal hormone melatonin. Exogenous melatonin specifically increases the size of macrocolonies on semisolid agar and synchronizes the circadian clock of K. aerogenes in a concentration dependent manner. However, the mechanisms driving these phenomena are unknown. In this study, we applied RNA sequencing to identify melatonin sensitive transcripts during culture maturation. This work demonstrates that the majority of melatonin sensitive genes are growth stage specific. Melatonin exposure induced differential gene expression of 81 transcripts during exponential growth and 30 during early stationary phase. This indole molecule affects genes related to biofilm formation, fimbria biogenesis, transcriptional regulators, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, phosphotransferase systems (PTS), stress response, metal ion binding and transport. Differential expression of biofilm and fimbria-related genes may be responsible for the observed differences in macrocolony area. These data suggest that melatonin enhances Klebsiella aerogenes host colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carrie L Shaffer
- University of Kentucky, Department of Veterinary Science, USA; University of Kentucky, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, USA; University of Kentucky, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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21
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Huang W, Kong L, Cao Y, Yan L. Identification and Quantification, Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacological Activities, and Botanical Preparations of Protopine: A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010215. [PMID: 35011447 PMCID: PMC8746401 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Through pharmacological activity research, an increasing number of natural products and their derivatives are being recognized for their therapeutic value. In recent years, studies have been conducted on Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang, a valuable medicinal herb listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Protopine, one of its components, has also become a research hotspot. To illustrate the identification, metabolism, and broad pharmacological activity of protopine and the botanical preparations containing it for further scientific studies and clinical applications, an in-depth and detailed review of protopine is required. We collected data on the identification and quantification, metabolism and pharmacokinetics, pharmacological activities, and botanical preparations of protopine from 1986 to 2021 from the PubMed database using “protopine” as a keyword. It has been shown that protopine as an active ingredient of many botanical preparations can be rapidly screened and quantified by a large number of methods (such as the LC-ESI-MS/MS and the TLC/GC-MS), and the possible metabolic pathways of protopine in vivo have been proposed. In addition, protopine possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-cancer, analgesic, vasodilatory, anticholinesterase, anti-addictive, anticonvulsant, antipathogenic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and cytotoxic and anti-proliferative activities. In this paper, the identification and quantification, metabolism and pharmacokinetics, pharmacological activities, and botanical preparations of protopine are reviewed in detail to lay a foundation for further scientific research and clinical applications of protopine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangli Huang
- Department of Spine, Honghui-Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China; (W.H.); (L.K.); (Y.C.)
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Lingbo Kong
- Department of Spine, Honghui-Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China; (W.H.); (L.K.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Spine, Honghui-Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China; (W.H.); (L.K.); (Y.C.)
| | - Liang Yan
- Department of Spine, Honghui-Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China; (W.H.); (L.K.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Mogheiseh A, Nazifi S, Gharibnavaz M, Zamani R, Nikahval B, Khanbazi MH. Effects of short-term administration of melatonin before gonadectomy on oxidative stress, cortisol and sex hormones in male dogs. Andrologia 2021; 54:e14354. [PMID: 34918360 DOI: 10.1111/and.14354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate gonadectomy stress, steroid hormones and serotonin in male dogs treated with melatonin before gonadectomy. Twenty-five mixed breed adult dogs were divided into five equal groups. The melatonin and melatonin + gonadectomized groups received melatonin treatment (3 mg/10 Kg, PO, TID) the day before gonadectomy; the gonadectomized and anaesthesia groups did not receive melatonin; and the control group just received the melatonin vehicle. Blood sampling was performed before melatonin administration (day -1) and on days 0 (gonadectomy), 1, 3 and 6 after gonadectomy. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase concentrations decreased significantly in gonadectomized dogs compared with dogs treated with melatonin before gonadectomy and intact dogs. Gonadectomy led to a significant decrease in catalase concentration in gonadectomized dogs compared with other study groups. Malondialdehyde levels increased significantly in gonadectomized dogs compared with other groups. Melatonin administration before gonadectomy led to decreased malondialdehyde concentration in gonadectomized and intact dogs compared to the control group. Cortisol concentration increased significantly in gonadectomized dogs compared to the control dogs. Serotonin levels decreased in gonadectomized dogs, but melatonin treatment increased serotonin concentration in gonadectomized and intact dogs. Melatonin treatment before gonadectomy suppressed oxidative stress and the cortisol but increased serotonin level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Mogheiseh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Nazifi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Gharibnavaz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Zamani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behrooz Nikahval
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Shi W, Lou J, Zhang X, Ji Y, Weng X, Du J. Adipose tissue alleviates the stress response by releasing adiponectin during laparoscopic surgery in patients with colorectal cancer. Lipids Health Dis 2021; 20:166. [PMID: 34801038 PMCID: PMC8606056 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01595-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Laparoscopic colorectal surgery causes a lower stress response than open surgery. Adiponectin is mainly derived from adipocytes and has antidiabetic, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory capabilities. The objective of the present study was to investigate the protein expression of adiponectin in adipose tissue, and the serum levels of adiponectin, oxidative stress markers and proinflammatory factors during laparoscopic colorectal surgery and open surgery periods. Methods Forty patients aged 60 to 80, with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I ~ II who underwent radical resection of colorectal cancer were recruited to the study. Laparoscopic group and open group included 20 patients each. Mesenteric adipose tissue and venous blood before (T1) and at the end (T2) of surgery were collected to examine adiponectin levels, and venous blood was collected to examine serum levels of oxidative stress related markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxide (LPO), malondialdehyde (MDA)), and inflammation-related factors (interleukin (IL)-1β, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)). Results Protein and serum levels of adiponectin were analyzed, and adiponectin levels were significantly increased at T2 than T1 in the laparoscopic surgery, while adiponectin levels were significantly higher in the laparoscopic surgery than in the open surgery at T2. In addition, the serum levels of SOD and GSH were significantly higher in the laparoscopic surgery than in open surgery at T2. However, the serum levels of LPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were significantly lower in the laparoscopic group than in open group at T2. Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery induced higher levels of adiponectin in both adipose tissue and the bloodstream. Oxidative stress and the inflammatory response were lower during laparoscopic colorectal surgery than during conventional open surgery. These data suggest that adipose tissue may alleviate the stress response during laparoscopic surgery by releasing adiponectin in patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Kongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jian Lou
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Kongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
| | - Yun Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Kongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaojian Weng
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Kongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jianer Du
- Department of Anesthesiology and SICU, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Kongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Effects of Duodenal 5-Hydroxytryptophan Perfusion on Melatonin Synthesis in GI Tract of Sheep. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175275. [PMID: 34500708 PMCID: PMC8433724 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) duodenal perfusion on melatonin (MT) synthesis in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of sheep. 5-hydroxytryptophan is a precursor in the melatonin synthetic pathway. The results showed that this method significantly increased melatonin production in the mucosa of all segments in GI tract including duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon. The highest melatonin level was identified in the colon and this indicates that the microbiota located in the colon may also participate in the melatonin production. In addition, portion of the melatonin generated by the GI tract can pass the liver metabolism and enters the circulation via portal vein. The current study provides further evidence to support that GI tract is the major site for melatonin synthesis and the GI melatonin also contributes to the circulatory melatonin level since plasma melatonin concentrations in 5-HTP treated groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. In conclusion, the results show that 10–50 mg of 5-HTP flowing into the duodenum within 6 h effectively improve the production of melatonin in the GI tract and melatonin concentration in sheep blood circulation during the day.
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Koh FH, Chua JMW, Tan JLJ, Foo FJ, Tan WJ, Sivarajah SS, Ho LML, Teh BT, Chew MH. Paradigm shift in gastrointestinal surgery − combating sarcopenia with prehabilitation: Multimodal review of clinical and scientific data. World J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 13:734-755. [PMID: 34512898 PMCID: PMC8394378 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v13.i8.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the prognostic significance of sarcopenia in surgical patients as an independent predictor of postoperative complications and outcomes. These included an increased risk of total complications, major complications, re-admissions, infections, severe infections, 30 d mortality, longer hospital stay and increased hospitalization expenditures. A program to enhance recovery after surgery was meant to address these complications; however, compliance to the program since its introduction has been less than ideal. Over the last decade, the concept of prehabilitation, or “pre-surgery rehabilitation”, has been discussed. The presurgical period represents a window of opportunity to boost and optimize the health of an individual, providing a compensatory “buffer” for the imminent reduction in physiological reserve post-surgery. Initial results have been promising. We review the literature to critically review the utility of prehabilitation, not just in the clinical realm, but also in the scientific realm, with a resource management point-of-view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick H Koh
- Division of Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore 544886, Singapore
| | - Jason MW Chua
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Joselyn LJ Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Fung-Joon Foo
- Division of Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore 544886, Singapore
| | - Winson J Tan
- Division of Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore 544886, Singapore
| | | | - Leonard Ming Li Ho
- Division of Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore 544886, Singapore
| | - Bin-Tean Teh
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Min-Hoe Chew
- Division of Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore 544886, Singapore
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Larsen EL, Weimann A, Poulsen HE. Interventions targeted at oxidatively generated modifications of nucleic acids focused on urine and plasma markers. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 145:256-283. [PMID: 31563634 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with the development and progression of numerous diseases. However, targeting oxidative stress has not been established in the clinical management of any disease. Several methods and markers are available to measure oxidative stress, including direct measurement of free radicals, antioxidants, redox balance, and oxidative modifications of cellular macromolecules. Oxidatively generated nucleic acid modifications have attracted much interest due to the pre-mutagenic oxidative modification of DNA into 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), associated with cancer development. During the last decade, the perception of RNA has changed from that of a 'silent messenger' to an 'active contributor', and, parallelly oxidatively generated RNA modifications measured as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-guanosine (8-oxoGuo), has been demonstrated as a prognostic factor for all-caused and cardiovascular related mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Several attempts have been made to modify the amount of oxidative nucleic acid modifications. Thus, this review aims to introduce researchers to the measurement of oxidatively generated nucleic acid modifications as well as critically review previous attempts and provide future directions for targeting oxidatively generated nucleic acid modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil List Larsen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Allan Weimann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Enghusen Poulsen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Varini E, Sánchez-Salcedo S, Malavasi G, Lusvardi G, Vallet-Regí M, Salinas A. Cerium (III) and (IV) containing mesoporous glasses/alginate beads for bone regeneration: bioactivity, biocompatibility and reactive oxygen species activity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:109971. [PMID: 31507308 PMCID: PMC6736678 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A very small number of biomaterials investigated for bone regeneration was reported as able to prevent the oxidative stress. In this study beads based on alginate hydrogel and mesoporous glasses (MG) containing different amounts of cerium oxides (Ce3+/Ce4+) exhibiting antioxidant properties were investigated as a good approach to mimic the action of antioxidant enzymes in our organism. The effect of cerium contents on the bioactivity and biocompatibility of beads were investigated. Moreover, the potential capability of Ce-containing MG to prevent the oxidative stress caused by the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was here investigated for the first time. The increment of cerium oxide from 1.2, to 3.6 and 5.3 mol-% decreases the surface area and porosity of MG and increases the catalase mimetic activity after 168 h. Swelling tests in different cell culture media (D- and α-MEM) demonstrated the rehydration capability of beads. The presence of beads with the highest Ce-contents (3.6 and 5.3 %) improved the proliferation of pre-osteoblastic cells MC3T3-Cl cells. However, the cell differentiation decreased when increased the cerium content. Lactate dehydrogenase assays showed beads are cytocompatible materials. Moreover, oxidative stress tests with H2O2 showed a better response related to cell viability and the elimination of oxidant species when increased cerium content. Beads of glasses with 1.2 and 3.6 % of CeO2 are excellent candidates as bioactive scaffolds for bone regeneration capable of counteract the oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Varini
- Dpt. Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - S. Sánchez-Salcedo
- Dpt. Quimica en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; lnstituto de lnvestigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Madrid, Spain
| | - G. Malavasi
- Dpt. Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - G. Lusvardi
- Dpt. Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - M. Vallet-Regí
- Dpt. Quimica en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; lnstituto de lnvestigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Madrid, Spain
| | - A.J. Salinas
- Dpt. Quimica en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; lnstituto de lnvestigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Madrid, Spain
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Mogheiseh A, Koohi F, Nazifi S, Shojaee Tabrizi A, Taheri P, Salavati S. Oxidative-antioxidative status and hepatic and renal factors following melatonin administration in castrated and intact dogs. Basic Clin Androl 2019; 29:14. [PMID: 31788315 PMCID: PMC6858660 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-019-0094-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Melatonin has significant antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects in normal and oxidative stress conditions. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of melatonin on antioxidant, hepatic, and renal factors in intact and castrated dogs. Twenty male mixed-breed adult dogs were aligned in an experimental randomized and controlled trial. The dogs were randomly divided into four equal groups: melatonin, castrated, castrated and melatonin, and control. They were treated with melatonin (0.3 mg/Kg, once daily, orally) immediately after the castration for 1 month and their blood samples were collected weekly from 2 days after treatment with melatonin. Results Treating castrated dogs with melatonin increased the level of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase compared with that of the control and castrated groups. The malondialdehyde level increased significantly following castration. Melatonin treatment decreased malondialdehyde concentration in the castrated dogs. Castration increased the level of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase significantly in comparison with that of the control group. Treating the castrated dogs with melatonin decreased significantly liver enzymes compared with those of the castrated dogs. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels increased in the castrated dogs in comparison with that of the control group. Conclusions The administration of melatonin in castrated dogs increased antioxidant activity and decreased oxidation products, compared with those of the castrated and untreated dogs, without adverse effects on liver enzymes and kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Mogheiseh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, P.O.Box 71441-69155, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Koohi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, P.O.Box 71441-69155, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Nazifi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, P.O.Box 71441-69155, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aidin Shojaee Tabrizi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, P.O.Box 71441-69155, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pegah Taheri
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, P.O.Box 71441-69155, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Salavati
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, P.O.Box 71441-69155, Shiraz, Iran
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Hegazy AA, Morsy MM, Moawad RS, Elsayed GM. Changes in Adult Rats’ Testis structure Induced by Hypothyroidism and Alleviating Role of L-Carnitine. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN ANATOMY 2019. [DOI: 10.14302/issn.2577-2279.ijha-19-3026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypothyroidism is a metabolic disorder affecting the functions of many tissues in the body including the testis. Testis is rich in the polyunsaturated fatty acids content and lacks strong intrinsic antioxidant system making it prone to such oxidative stress. L-carnitine (LC) regulates long chain fatty acids metabolism; and is considered a valuable antioxidant factor. Aim It was to evaluate the effect of hypothyroidism induced by propylthiouracil (PTU) on rats’ testes and the possible protective role of LC. Methods Forty-eight adult male albino rats were used in this work. The animals were divided into three groups with sixteen animals in each. Group 1 (Control): Animals were kept without medications. Group 2 (PTU-treated): was subjected to administration of PTU; while group 3 (PTU and LC) received both PTU and LC. By the end of the experiment “30 days”, blood samples were taken for hormonal assay; then animals were anaesthetized and sacrificed. Specimens were homogenized for biochemical analysis; epididymal content of each rat was obtained immediately for semen analysis. Testes’ specimens were harvested, prepared and examined by light microscope examination. Results Induced hypothyroidism was noticed to cause histopathological, morphometric and biochemical changes in rat’s testes. LC protected the testicular specimens against such changes; it also improved the seminal quality and quantity as well as testicular structure and biochemistry. Conclusion Hypothyroidism could result in hazards to the structure of testis. Fortunately co-administration of LC might reduce such hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelmonem Awad Hegazy
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Manal Mohammad Morsy
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Rania Said Moawad
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Gehad Mohammad Elsayed
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Yang B, Chen Y, Shi J. Nanocatalytic Medicine. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1901778. [PMID: 31328844 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Catalysis and medicine are often considered as two independent research fields with their own respective scientific phenomena. Promoted by recent advances in nanochemistry, large numbers of nanocatalysts, such as nanozymes, photocatalysts, and electrocatalysts, have been applied in vivo to initiate catalytic reactions and modulate biological microenvironments for generating therapeutic effects. The rapid growth of research in biomedical applications of nanocatalysts has led to the concept of "nanocatalytic medicine," which is expected to promote the further advance of such a subdiscipline in nanomedicine. The high efficiency and selectivity of catalysis that chemists strived to achieve in the past century can be ingeniously translated into high efficacy and mitigated side effects in theranostics by using "nanocatalytic medicine" to steer catalytic reactions for optimized therapeutic outcomes. Here, the rationale behind the construction of nanocatalytic medicine is eludicated based on the essential reaction factors of catalytic reactions (catalysts, energy input, and reactant). Recent advances in this burgeoning field are then comprehensively presented and the mechanisms by which catalytic nanosystems are conferred with theranostic functions are discussed in detail. It is believed that such an emerging catalytic therapeutic modality will play a more important role in the field of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
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Cytocompatibility of Potential Bioactive Cerium-Doped Glasses based on 45S5. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12040594. [PMID: 30781522 PMCID: PMC6416737 DOI: 10.3390/ma12040594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The cytocompatibility of potential bioactive cerium-containing (Ce3+/Ce4+) glasses is here investigated by preparing three different glasses with increasing amount of doping CeO₂ (1.2, 3.6 and 5.3 mol% of CeO₂, called BG_1.2, BG_3.6 and BG_5.3, respectively) based on 45S5 Bioglass® (called BG). These materials were characterized by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) after performing bioactivity tests in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) solution, and the ions released in solution were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The data obtained clearly show that the glass surfaces of BG, BG_1.2 and BG_3.6 were covered by hydroxyapatite (HA), while BG_5.3 favored the formation of a cerium phosphate crystal phase. The cytotoxicity tests were performed using both murine long bone osteocyte-like (MLO-Y4) and mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH/3T3) cell lines. The cerium-containing bioactive glasses show an increment in cell viability with respect to BG, and at long times, no cell aggregation and deformation were observed. The proliferation of NIH/3T3 cells increased with the cerium content in the glasses; in particular, BG_3.6 and BG_5.3 showed a higher proliferation of cells than the negative control. These results highlight and enforce the proposal of cerium-doped bioactive glasses as a new class of biomaterials for hard-tissue applications.
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Luo C, Yang Q, Liu Y, Zhou S, Jiang J, Reiter RJ, Bhattacharya P, Cui Y, Yang H, Ma H, Yao J, Lawler SE, Zhang X, Fu J, Rozental R, Aly H, Johnson MD, Chiocca EA, Wang X. The multiple protective roles and molecular mechanisms of melatonin and its precursor N-acetylserotonin in targeting brain injury and liver damage and in maintaining bone health. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 130:215-233. [PMID: 30315933 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.10.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a neurohormone associated with sleep and wakefulness and is mainly produced by the pineal gland. Numerous physiological functions of melatonin have been demonstrated including anti-inflammation, suppressing neoplastic growth, circadian and endocrine rhythm regulation, and its potent antioxidant activity as well as its role in regeneration of various tissues including the nervous system, liver, bone, kidney, bladder, skin, and muscle, among others. In this review, we summarize the recent advances related to the multiple protective roles of melatonin receptor agonists, melatonin and N-acetylserotonin (NAS), in brain injury, liver damage, and bone health. Brain injury, including traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and newborn perinatal hypoxia-ischemia encephalopathy, is a major cause of mortality and disability. Liver disease causes serious public health problems and various factors including alcohol, chemical pollutants, and drugs induce hepatic damage. Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease in humans. Due in part to an aging population, both the cost of care of fracture patients and the annual fracture rate have increased steadily. Despite the discrepancy in the pathophysiological processes of these disorders, time frames and severity, they may share several common molecular mechanisms. Oxidative stress is considered to be a critical factor in these pathogeneses. We update the current state of knowledge related to the molecular processes, mainly including anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, autophagy dysfunction, and anti-inflammation as well as other properties of melatonin and NAS. Particularly, the abilities of melatonin and NAS to directly scavenge oxygen-centered radicals and toxic reactive oxygen species, and indirectly act through antioxidant enzymes are disscussed. In this review, we summarize the similarities and differences in the protection provided by melatonin and/or NAS in brain, liver and bone damage. We analyze the involvement of melatonin receptor 1A (MT1), melatonin receptor 1B (MT2), and melatonin receptor 1C (MT3) in the protection of melatonin and/or NAS. Additionally, we evaluate their potential clinical applications. The multiple mechanisms of action and multiple organ-targeted properties of melatonin and NAS may contribute to development of promising therapies for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiang Yang
- Hubei Provincial Key Lab for Quality and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Food, Jing Brand Research Institute, Daye, Hubei, China
| | - Yuancai Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Lab for Quality and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Food, Jing Brand Research Institute, Daye, Hubei, China
| | - Shuanhu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiying Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Yongchun Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hongwei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - He Ma
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiemin Yao
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Sean E Lawler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xinmu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianfang Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Renato Rozental
- Lab Neuroproteção & Estratégias Regenerativas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Hany Aly
- Department of Neonatology, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mark D Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - E Antonio Chiocca
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Morkane CM, McKenna H, Cumpstey AF, Oldman AH, Grocott MPW, Martin DS. Intraoperative oxygenation in adult patients undergoing surgery (iOPS): a retrospective observational study across 29 UK hospitals. Perioper Med (Lond) 2018; 7:17. [PMID: 30062007 PMCID: PMC6057104 DOI: 10.1186/s13741-018-0098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Considerable controversy remains about how much oxygen patients should receive during surgery. The 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines recommend that intubated patients receive a fractional inspired oxygen concentration (FIO2) of 0.8 throughout abdominal surgery to reduce the risk of surgical site infection. However, this recommendation has been widely criticised by anaesthetists and evidence from other clinical contexts has suggested that giving a high concentration of oxygen might worsen patient outcomes. This retrospective multi-centre observational study aimed to ascertain intraoperative oxygen administration practice by anaesthetists across parts of the UK. Methods Patients undergoing general anaesthesia with an arterial catheter in situ across hospitals affiliated with two anaesthetic trainee audit networks (PLAN, SPARC) were eligible for inclusion unless undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Demographic and intraoperative oxygenation data, haemoglobin saturation and positive end-expiratory pressure were retrieved from anaesthetic charts and arterial blood gases (ABGs) over five consecutive weekdays in April and May 2017. Results Three hundred seventy-eight patients from 29 hospitals were included. Median age was 66 years, 205 (54.2%) were male and median ASA grade was 3. One hundred eight (28.6%) were emergency cases. An anticipated difficult airway or raised BMI was documented preoperatively in 31 (8.2%) and 45 (11.9%) respectively. Respiratory or cardiac comorbidity was documented in 103 (27%) and 83 (22%) respectively. SpO2 < 96% was documented in 83 (22%) patients, with 7 (1.9%) patients desaturating < 88% at any point intraoperatively. The intraoperative FIO2 ranged from 0.25 to 1.0, and median PaO2/FIO2 ratios for the first four arterial blood gases taken in each case were 24.6/0.5, 23.4/0.49, 25.7/0.46 and 25.4/0.47 respectively. Conclusions Intraoperative oxygenation currently varies widely. An intraoperative FIO2 of 0.5 currently represents standard intraoperative practice in the UK, with surgical patients often experiencing moderate levels of hyperoxaemia. This differs from both WHO’s recommendation of using an FIO2 of 0.8 intraoperatively, and also, the value most previous interventional oxygen therapy trials have used to represent standard care (typically FIO2 = 0.3). These findings should be used to aid the design of future intraoperative oxygen studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare M Morkane
- 1Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (University College London) and Royal Free Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Free Hospital, 3rd Floor, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG UK
| | - Helen McKenna
- 1Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (University College London) and Royal Free Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Free Hospital, 3rd Floor, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG UK
| | - Andrew F Cumpstey
- University of Southampton/University Hospital Southampton and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Tremona Rd, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - Alex H Oldman
- 3University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Rd, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - Michael P W Grocott
- University of Southampton/University Hospital Southampton and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Tremona Rd, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - Daniel S Martin
- 1Division of Surgery and Interventional Science (University College London) and Royal Free Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Free Hospital, 3rd Floor, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG UK
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Liu HT, Cheng SB, Huang YC, Huang YT, Lin PT. Coenzyme Q10 and Oxidative Stress: Inflammation Status in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients after Surgery. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9010029. [PMID: 28054958 PMCID: PMC5295073 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, and surgical resection is the main treatment for HCC. To date, no published study has examined the status of coenzyme Q10 in patients with HCC after surgery. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between the level of coenzyme Q10, oxidative stress, and inflammation in patients with HCC after surgery; (2) Methods: 71 primary HCC patients were recruited. Levels of coenzyme Q10, vitamin E, oxidative stress (malondialdehyde), antioxidant enzymes activity (superoxidase dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase), and inflammatory markers (high sensitivity C-reactive protein; tumor necrosis factor-α; and interleukin-6) were measured; (3) Results: Patients with HCC had a significantly lower levels of coenzyme Q10 (p = 0.01) and oxidative stress (p < 0.01), and significantly higher levels of antioxidant enzymes activities and inflammation after surgery (p < 0.05). The level of coenzyme Q10 was significantly positively correlated with antioxidant capacity (vitamin E and glutathione peroxidase activity) and negatively correlated with inflammation markers after surgery; (4) Conclusion: Hepatocarcinogenesis is associated with oxidative stress, and coenzyme Q10 may be considered an antioxidant therapy for patients with HCC, particularly those with higher inflammation after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Tien Liu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan.
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Shao-Bin Cheng
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan.
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chia Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Yin-Tzu Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Ping-Ting Lin
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
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Liu HT, Huang YC, Cheng SB, Huang YT, Lin PT. Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on antioxidant capacity and inflammation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after surgery: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Nutr J 2016; 15:85. [PMID: 27716246 PMCID: PMC5053088 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-016-0205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been reported that higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation play a key role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgery. Coenzyme Q10 is an endogenous lipid-soluble antioxidant. To date, no intervention study has investigated coenzyme Q10 supplementation in HCC patients after surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes activity, and inflammation levels in HCC patients after surgery following administration of coenzyme Q10 (300 mg/day). Methods This study was designed as a single-blinded, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled study. Patients who were diagnosed with primary HCC (n = 41) and were randomly assign to a placebo (n = 20) or coenzyme Q10 (300 mg/day, n = 21) group after surgery. The intervention lasted for 12 weeks. Plasma coenzyme Q10, vitamin E, oxidative stress antioxidant enzymes activity and inflammatory markers levels were measured. Results The oxidative stress (p = 0.04) and inflammatory markers (hs-CRP and IL-6, p < 0.01) levels were significantly decreased, and the antioxidant enzymes activity was significantly increased (p < 0.01) after 12 weeks of coenzyme Q10 supplementation. In addition, the coenzyme Q10 level was significantly negatively correlated with the oxidative stress (p = 0.01), and positively correlated with antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD, p = 0.01; CAT, p < 0.05; GPx, p = 0.04) and vitamin E level (p = 0.01) after supplementation. Conclusion In conclusion, we demonstrated that a dose of 300 mg/d of coenzyme Q10 supplementation significantly increased the antioxidant capacity and reduced the oxidative stress and inflammation levels in HCC patients after surgery. Trial registration Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT01964001
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Tien Liu
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Bin Cheng
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Tzu Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ting Lin
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan. .,Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.
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Dalmolin F, Lhamas C, Pinto Filho S, Feranti J, Poerschke A, Beck R, Abdalla F, Andrade C, Brun M. Biomarcadores inflamatórios e de estresse oxidativo em cadelas submetidas à ovário-histerectomia videoassistida ou convencional. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-8276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO A videocirurgia é atualmente uma das principais ferramentas operatórias, com vantagens que incluem menor estresse, incisões e dor pós-operatória quando comparada aos procedimentos abertos. Objetivou-se comparar o processo inflamatório e o estresse oxidativo resultantes das técnicas de ovário-histerectomia (OVH) convencional e videoassistida, com dois portais em cadelas, por meio de hemograma, avaliação de acetilcolinesterase, butirilcolinesterase, catalase e malondialdeído séricos, imediatamente antes da operação e duas, seis, 12, 24, 48 e 72 horas após a cirurgia. Observou-se menor estresse cirúrgico nas pacientes operadas pela técnica videoassistida, e sugere-se que a técnica convencional possa implicar peroxidação lipídica, mesmo com o uso de anti-inflamatório.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Dalmolin
- Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - R.C. Beck
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | - M.V. Brun
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil
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Jongbloed F, de Bruin RWF, Klaassen RA, Beekhof P, van Steeg H, Dor FJMF, van der Harst E, Dollé MET, IJzermans JNM. Short-Term Preoperative Calorie and Protein Restriction Is Feasible in Healthy Kidney Donors and Morbidly Obese Patients Scheduled for Surgery. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8050306. [PMID: 27213441 PMCID: PMC4882718 DOI: 10.3390/nu8050306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Surgery-induced oxidative stress increases the risk of perioperative complications and delay in postoperative recovery. In mice, short-term preoperative dietary and protein restriction protect against oxidative stress. We investigated the feasibility of a calorie- and protein-restricted diet in two patient populations. Methods. In this pilot study, 30 live kidney donors and 38 morbidly obese patients awaiting surgery were randomized into three groups: a restricted diet group, who received a synthetic liquid diet with 30% fewer calories and 80% less protein for five consecutive days; a group who received a synthetic diet containing the daily energy requirements (DER); and a control group. Feasibility was assessed using self-reported discomfort, body weight changes, and metabolic parameters in blood samples. Results. Twenty patients (71%) complied with the restricted and 13 (65%) with the DER-diet. In total, 68% of the patients reported minor discomfort that resolved after normal eating resumed. The mean weight loss on the restricted diet was significantly greater (2.4 kg) than in the control group (0 kg, p = 0.002), but not in the DER-diet (1.5 kg). The restricted diet significantly reduced levels of serum urea and plasma prealbumin (PAB) and retinol binding protein (RBP). Conclusions. A short-term preoperative calorie- and protein-restricted diet is feasible in kidney donors and morbidly obese patients. Compliance is high and can be objectively measured via changes in urea, PAB, and RBP levels. These results demonstrate that this diet can be used to study the effects of dietary restriction on surgery-induced oxidative stress in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franny Jongbloed
- Laboratory of Experimental Transplantation and Intestinal Surgery (LETIS), Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Health Protection Research, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Ron W F de Bruin
- Laboratory of Experimental Transplantation and Intestinal Surgery (LETIS), Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - René A Klaassen
- Department of Surgery, Maasstad Hospital, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Piet Beekhof
- Laboratory of Health Protection Research, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Harry van Steeg
- Laboratory of Health Protection Research, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
- Department of Toxicogenetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Frank J M F Dor
- Laboratory of Experimental Transplantation and Intestinal Surgery (LETIS), Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Erwin van der Harst
- Department of Surgery, Maasstad Hospital, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Martijn E T Dollé
- Laboratory of Health Protection Research, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan N M IJzermans
- Laboratory of Experimental Transplantation and Intestinal Surgery (LETIS), Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Nakagawa H, Matsumoto Y, Matsumoto Y, Miwa Y, Nagasaki Y. Design of high-performance anti-adhesion agent using injectable gel with an anti-oxidative stress function. Biomaterials 2015; 69:165-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Nicolini V, Gambuzzi E, Malavasi G, Menabue L, Menziani MC, Lusvardi G, Pedone A, Benedetti F, Luches P, D’Addato S, Valeri S. Evidence of Catalase Mimetic Activity in Ce3+/Ce4+ Doped Bioactive Glasses. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:4009-19. [DOI: 10.1021/jp511737b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Nicolini
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Gambuzzi
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Malavasi
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Ledi Menabue
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Menziani
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Gigliola Lusvardi
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alfonso Pedone
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Department
of Physical, Information and Mathematical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Istituto Nanoscienze−CNR, Via Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Luches
- Istituto Nanoscienze−CNR, Via Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Sergio D’Addato
- Department
of Physical, Information and Mathematical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Istituto Nanoscienze−CNR, Via Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Sergio Valeri
- Department
of Physical, Information and Mathematical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Istituto Nanoscienze−CNR, Via Campi 213/a, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Halladin NL, Ekeløf S, Alamili M, Bendtzen K, Lykkesfeldt J, Rosenberg J, Gögenur I. Lower limb ischaemia and reperfusion injury in healthy volunteers measured by oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers. Perfusion 2015; 30:64-70. [PMID: 24722849 DOI: 10.1177/0267659114530769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is partly caused by the release of reactive oxygen species and cytokines and may result in remote organ injury. Surgical patients are exposed to surgical stress and anaesthesia, both of which can influence the IR response. An IR model without these interfering factors of surgery is, therefore, useful to test the potential of antioxidant and cytokine-modulatory treatments. The aim of this study was to characterize a human ischaemia-reperfusion model with respect to oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten male volunteers were exposed to 20 minutes of lower limb ischaemia. Muscle biopsies and blood samples were taken at baseline and 5, 15, 30, 60 and 90 minutes after tourniquet release and analysed for malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), IL-6, IL-10, TNF-receptor (TNF-R)I, TNF-RII and YKL-40. RESULTS We found no significant increase in MDA in the muscle biopsies after reperfusion. Plasma levels of oxidative and pro- and anti-inflammatory parameters showed no significant differences between baseline and after reperfusion at any sampling time. CONCLUSION Twenty minutes of lower limb ischaemia does not result in an ischaemia-reperfusion injury in healthy volunteers, measurable by oxidative and pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in muscle biopsies and in the systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Halladin
- Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - S Ekeløf
- Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - M Alamili
- Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - K Bendtzen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - J Lykkesfeldt
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - J Rosenberg
- Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - I Gögenur
- Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Asker ME, Hassan WA, El-Kashlan AM. Experimentally induced hyperthyroidism influences oxidant and antioxidant status and impairs male gonadal functions in adult rats. Andrologia 2014; 47:644-54. [PMID: 25220112 DOI: 10.1111/and.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present experiment was to study the effect of hyperthyroidism on male gonadal functions and oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers in testis of adult rats. Induction of hyperthyroidism by L-thyroxine (L-T4, 300 μg kg(-1) body weight) treatment once daily for 3 or 8 weeks caused a decrease in body weight gain as well as in absolute genital sex organs weight. The epididymal sperm counts and their motility were significantly decreased in a time-dependent manner following L-T4 treatment. Significant decline in serum levels of luteinising hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone along with significant increase in serum estradiol level was observed in hyperthyroid rats compared with euthyroid ones. Significant increase in malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentration associated with significant decrease in superoxide dismutase and catalase activity was also noticed following hyperthyroidism induction. Both reduced glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase activity were increased in hyperthyroid rats compared with control rats. Marked histopathological alterations were observed in testicular section of hyperthyroid rats. These results provide evidence that hypermetabolic state induced by excess level of thyroid hormones may be a causative factor for the impairment of testicular physiology as a consequence of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Asker
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - W A Hassan
- Hormone Evaluation Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - A M El-Kashlan
- Hormone Evaluation Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
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Ibrahim FM, El-Hawary YM, Butler IS, Mostafa SI. Bone Repair Stimulation in Rat Mandible by New Chitosan Silver(I) Complexes. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2014.886222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Melatonin, a new addition to the armamentarium of anesthesiologist, has some unique properties that are highly desirable in routine peri-operative care. Available clinical data show that preoperative melatonin is as effective as benzodiazepines in reducing preoperative anxiety with minimal action on psychomotor performance and sleep wake cycle. It may be considered as a safe and effective alternative of benzodiazepines as preoperative anxiolytic. It may have opioid sparing effect, may reduce intraocular pressure, and have role in prevention of postoperative delirium. The short-term administration of melatonin is free from significant adverse effects also.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Maitra
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Rodrigues R, Petersen RB, Perry G. Parallels between major depressive disorder and Alzheimer's disease: role of oxidative stress and genetic vulnerability. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2014; 34:925-49. [PMID: 24927694 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-014-0074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The thesis of this review is that oxidative stress is the central factor in major depressive disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The major elements involved are inflammatory cytokines, the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal, and arginine vasopressin systems, which induce glucocorticoid and "oxidopamatergic" cascades when triggered by psychosocial stress, severe life-threatening events, and mental-affective and somatic diseases. In individuals with a genomic vulnerability to depression, these cascades may result in chronic depression-anxiety-stress spectra, resulting in MDD and other known depressive syndromes. In contrast, in subjects with genomic vulnerability to AD, oxidative stress-induced brain damage triggers specific antioxidant defenses, i.e., increased levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) and aggregation of hyper-phosphorylated tau, resulting in paired helical filaments and impaired functions related to the ApoEε4 isoform, leading to complex pathological cascades culminating in AD. Surprisingly, all the AD-associated molecular pathways mentioned in this review have been shown to be similar or analogous to those found in depression, including structural damage, i.e., hippocampal and frontal cortex atrophy. Other interacting molecular signals, i.e., GSK-3β, convergent survival factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor and heat shock proteins), and transition redox metals are also mentioned to emphasize the vast array of intermediates that could interact via comparable mechanisms in both MDD and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rodrigues
- College of Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA,
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Melatonin modulates the expression of BCL-xl and improve the development of vitrified embryos obtained by IVF in mice. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:453-61. [PMID: 24419931 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of melatonin on development of in vitro fertilization (IVF)/vitrified two-cell mouse embryos were evaluated in this study. METHODS The IVF two-cell embryos were vitrified by cryotop, and were cultured in KSOM medium in different concentrations of melatonin (10(-6), 10(-9), 10(-12) M) and without melatonin. The blastocyst cell number, apoptotic cells and glutathione (GSH) level were evaluated by differential, TUNEL and cell tracker blue staining, respectively. The expression of Bax and Bcl-xl genes was evaluated by qPCR. The expression of melatonin receptors (Mtnr1a and Mtnr1b) in mouse 2-cell embryos and blastocysts was evaluated by RT-PCR. RESULTS Melatonin increased the rate of cleavage and blastulation at 10(-12) M concentration (p < 0.05). The number of trophectoderm and inner cell mass showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in 10(-9) M melatonin. The 10(-9) M and 10(-12) M melatonin treatments significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the apoptotic index. The significant increase in the expression of Bcl-xl observed at 10(-9) M concentration however, reduced expression of Bax was not statistically significant. The levels of GSH in 10(-9) and 10(-12) M groups were significantly improved relative to the control group (p < 0.05). The Mtnr1a was expressed in 2-cell embryos and blastocysts in all groups, but the expression of Mntr1b was not detected. CONCLUSION Melatonin may have a special role against oxidative stress in protection of IVF/vitrified embryos.
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Farivar BS, Eiref SD, Leitman IM. Strategies to prevent sepsis-induced intensive care unit-acquired weakness: are there any options? Commentary on "Comparison of melatonin and oxytocin in the prevention of critical illness polyneuropathy in rats with surgically induced sepsis". J Surg Res 2013; 185:e39-42. [PMID: 23295195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Behzad S Farivar
- Department of Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York
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da Silva VRG, Moreira EAM, Wilhelm-Filho D, de Miranda JX, Benincá JP, Vigil SVG, Moratelli AMB, Garlet TR, de Souza Meirelles MS, Vannucchi H, Fröde TS. Proinflammatory and oxidative stress markers in patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass after 1 year of follow-up. Eur J Clin Nutr 2012; 66:891-9. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Madian AG, Myracle AD, Diaz-Maldonado N, Rochelle NS, Janle EM, Regnier FE. Determining the effects of antioxidants on oxidative stress induced carbonylation of proteins. Anal Chem 2011; 83:9328-36. [PMID: 21939227 DOI: 10.1021/ac201856g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is potential that the pathological effects of oxidative stress (OS) associated diseases such as diabetes could be ameliorated with antioxidants, but this will require a clearer understanding of the pathway(s) by which proteins are damaged by OS. This study reports the development and use of methods that assess the efficacy of dietary antioxidant supplementation at a mechanistic level. Data reported here evaluate the impact of green tea supplementation on oxidative stress induced post-translational modifications (OSi-PTMs) in plasma proteins of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. The mechanism of antioxidant protection was examined through both the type and amount of OSi-PTMs using mass spectrometry based identification and quantification. Carbonylated proteins in freshly drawn blood samples were derivatized with biotin hydrazide. Proteins thus biotinylated were selected from plasma samples of green tea fed diabetic rats and control animals by avidin affinity chromatography, further fractionated by reversed phase chromatography (RPC); fractions from the RPC column were tryptic digested, and the tryptic digest was fractionated by RPC before being identified by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Relative quantification of peptides bearing carbonylation sites was achieved for the first time by RPC-MS/MS using selective reaction monitoring (SRM). Seventeen carbonylated peptides were detected and quantified in both control and treated plasma. The relative concentration of eight was dramatically different between control and green tea treated animals. Seven of the OSi-PTM bearing peptides had dropped dramatically in concentration with treatment while one increased, indicating differential regulation of carbonylation by antioxidants. Green tea antioxidants were found to reduce carbonylation of proteins by lipid peroxidation end products most, followed by advanced glycation end products to a slightly lower extent. Direct oxidation of proteins by reactive oxygen species (ROS) was protected the least by green tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf G Madian
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Madian AG, Myracle AD, Diaz-Maldonado N, Rochelle NS, Janle EM, Regnier FE. Differential carbonylation of proteins as a function of in vivo oxidative stress. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:3959-72. [PMID: 21800835 PMCID: PMC3196594 DOI: 10.1021/pr200140x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study reports for the first time qualitative and quantitative differences in carbonylated proteins shed into blood as a function of increasing levels of OS. Carbonylated proteins in freshly drawn blood from pairs of diabetic and lean rats were derivatized with biotin hydrazide, dialyzed, and enriched with avidin affinity chromatography. Proteins thus selected were used in several ways. Differences between control and diabetic subjects in relative concentration of proteins was achieved by differential labeling of tryptic digests with iTRAQ reagents followed by reversed phase chromatography (RPC) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Identification and characterization of OS induced post-translational modification sites in contrast was achieved by fractionation of affinity selected proteins before proteolysis and RPC-MS/MS. Relative quantification of peptides bearing oxidative modifications was achieved for the first time by selective reaction monitoring (SRM). Approximately 1.7% of the proteins in Zucker diabetic rat plasma were selected by the avidin affinity column as compared to 0.98% in lean animal plasma. Among the 35 proteins identified and quantified, Apo AII, clusterin, hemopexin precursor, and potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 7 showed the most dramatic changes in concentration. Seventeen carbonylation sites were identified and quantified, 11 of which changed more than 2-fold in oxidation state. Three types of carbonylation were identified at these sites: direct oxidative cleavage from reactive oxygen species, glycation and addition of advanced glycation end products, and addition of lipid peroxidation products. Direct oxidation was the dominant form of carbonylation observed while hemoglobin and murinoglobulin 1 homologue were the most heavily oxidized proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf G. Madian
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA 47907
| | - Angela D. Myracle
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA 47907
| | | | - Nishi S. Rochelle
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA 47907
| | - Elsa M. Janle
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA 47907
| | - Fred E. Regnier
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA 47907
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Oxidative stress induced carbonylation in human plasma. J Proteomics 2011; 74:2395-416. [PMID: 21856457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The focus of this study was on the assessment of technology that might be of clinical utility in identification, quantification, characterization of carbonylation in human plasma proteins. Carbonylation is widely associated with oxidative stress diseases. Breast cancer patient samples were chosen as a stress positive case based on the fact that oxidative stress has been reported to be elevated in this disease. Measurements of 8-isoprostane in plasma confirmed that breast cancer patients in this study were indeed experiencing significant oxidative stress. Carbonyl groups in proteins from freshly drawn blood were derivatized with biotin hydrazide after which the samples were dialyzed and the biotinylated proteins subsequently selected, digested and labeled with iTRAQ™ heavy isotope coding reagent(s). Four hundred sixty proteins were identified and quantified, 95 of which changed 1.5 fold or more in concentration. Beyond confirming the utility of the analytical method, association of protein carbonylation was examined as well. Nearly one fourth of the selected proteins were of cytoplasmic, nuclear, or membrane origin. Analysis of the data by unbiased knowledge assembly methods indicated the most likely disease associated with the proteins was breast neoplasm. Pathway analysis showed the proteins which changed in carbonylation were strongly associated with Brca1, the breast cancer type-1 susceptibility protein. Pathway analysis indicated the major molecular functions of these proteins are defense, immunity and nucleic acid binding.
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