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Vohra V, Bhangui P, Bhangui P, Sharma N, Gupta N, Bansal M, Soin AS. Combined Living Donor Liver Transplantation With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Possible but not Without a Struggle. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2025; 15:102515. [PMID: 40135105 PMCID: PMC11930670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2025.102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Background A combined liver transplant (LT) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) may sometimes be needed for patients with decompensated cirrhosis who also have significant coronary artery disease (CAD). However, such a procedure is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Methods From May 2012 to August 2020, eight patients with significant coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent combined off pump CABG (OPCAB) and living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) at our center. We analyzed patient demographics, preoperative clinical findings, operative details, and postoperative outcomes. Results Mean recipient age and body mass index were 59 ± 6 years and 26 ± 3kg/m2, respectively. The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score was 20. Four patients each had hypertension and diabetes. Mean total duration of the surgery was 982 ± 117 min, with 598 ± 89 min for living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). The mean volume of packed red blood cell transfusion was 2500ml. The duration of the ventilatory support (median 49 h post-surgery), and the median intensive care unit and hospital stay (8 and 18 days, respectively). Two patients died during the postoperative period due to sepsis with multiorgan failure No recipient had evidence of acute coronary syndrome, stress cardiomyopathy; none required interventional hemodynamic support. Four patients developed atrial arrhythmia's in the post-operative period, all were managed successfully with medical management. Conclusion Combined CABG and LDLT is feasible but poses significant challenges. Careful preprocedure planning, and meticulous intra- and post-operative management involving a multidisciplinary team of LT Surgeons and anesthetists, hepatologists, cardiologists, and cardiac surgeons is required to ensure optimal outcomes in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Vohra
- Department of Liver Transplant and GI Anaesthesia, Medanta – The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurgaon, 122001, India
| | - Pooja Bhangui
- Department of Liver Transplant and GI Anaesthesia, Medanta – The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurgaon, 122001, India
| | - Prashant Bhangui
- Medanta Institute of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta – The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurgaon, 122001, India
| | - Nishant Sharma
- Department of Liver Transplant and GI Anaesthesia, Medanta – The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurgaon, 122001, India
| | - Nikunj Gupta
- Department of Liver Transplant and GI Anaesthesia, Medanta – The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurgaon, 122001, India
| | - Manish Bansal
- Clinical & Preventive Cardiology, Medanta – The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurgaon, 122001, India
| | - Arvinder Singh Soin
- Medanta Institute of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta – The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurgaon, 122001, India
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Gross A, Larson SL, Wehrle CJ, Izda A, Quick JD, Ellis R, Simon R. Gastrointestinal complications requiring operative intervention after cardiovascular surgery: Predictors of in-hospital mortality. Surgery 2025; 179:108899. [PMID: 39490254 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2024.07.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk factors for in-hospital mortality related to gastrointestinal complications requiring operative intervention after cardiovascular surgery have not been previously described. METHODS Adult patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery followed by gastrointestinal surgery during the same admission between January 2010 and June 2023 were included. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to assess overall survival based on identified risk factors. RESULTS Gastrointestinal complications requiring operative intervention after cardiac surgery occurred in 151 patients, with an overall in-hospital mortality of 35.76% (n = 54). The most common diagnosis was bowel ischemia (50.33%). On multivariable logistic regression, the history of cirrhosis (odds ratio: 37.96, 95% confidence interval: 3.57-543.90) and the clinical condition at the time of emergency general surgery consultation, described by elevated lactate (odds ratio: 5.76, 95% confidence interval: 1.71-22.82), platelets <50 × 109/L (odds ratio: 11.34, 95% confidence interval: 1.60-162.37), ≥3 vasoactive medications (odds ratio: 4.93, 95% CI: 1.29-20.14), and the need for renal replacement therapy (odds ratio: 5.18, 95% confidence interval: 1.46-20.79) were predictive of in-hospital mortality. In-hospital mortality was low when none of the risk factors identified on multivariable analysis were present (2.38%, n = 1 of 42), but in-hospital mortality was universal among patients with 4-5 risk factors (100%, n = 8 of 8). CONCLUSIONS Gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery are disastrous when patient illness becomes severe. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for gastrointestinal complications to promote early involvement of general surgery. Knowledge of these risk factors could help guide discussions among the multidisciplinary care team, patients, and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby Gross
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH.
| | - Sarah L Larson
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Chase J Wehrle
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Aleksandar Izda
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Joseph D Quick
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Ryan Ellis
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Robert Simon
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH. https://twitter.com/pancreas_eraser
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Hamada O, Tsutsumi T, Tsunemitsu A, Sasaki N, Kunisawa S, Fushimi K, Imanaka Y. Association of cirrhosis severity with outcomes after hip fracture repairs: A propensity-score matched analysis using a large inpatient database. J Orthop Sci 2025:S0949-2658(25)00038-7. [PMID: 39979173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2025.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2025] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 02/22/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced cirrhosis is associated with increased mortality in certain surgeries, but the impact of cirrhosis severity on outcomes in patients with hip fractures remains unclear. METHODS In a large nationwide administrative database of hospitalized patients, we compared postoperative outcomes in patients with hip fractures across different Child-Pugh classes of cirrhosis in Japan. Using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination Database, we identified 833,648 eligible patients diagnosed with hip fractures and underwent surgery between July 2010 and March 2021. Three sets of 1:1 propensity-score matching were performed for four groups: non-cirrhosis cases and Child-Pugh classes A, B, and C. We compared in-hospital mortality, length of stay, hospitalization fees, readmission, and complications in non-cirrhosis cases vs. Child-Pugh class A, Child-Pugh class A vs. B, and Child-Pugh class B vs. C. RESULTS Propensity-score matching created 1065 pairs for non-cirrhosis vs. Child-Pugh class A, 1012 for Child-Pugh class A vs. B, and 489 for Child-Pugh class B vs. C. In-hospital mortality did not differ between non-cirrhosis cases and those with Child-Pugh class A. However, in-hospital mortality was significantly higher in patients with Child-Pugh class B than in those with class A (1.5 % vs. 5.9 %; RD 4.45 %; 95 % CI: 2.79%-6.10 %), and higher in patients with Child-Pugh class C compared with class B (6.3 % vs. 28.4 %; RD 22.09 %; 95 % CI: 17.54%-26.63 %). Patients in more severe Child-Pugh classes had longer hospital stays, higher hospitalization fees, and higher complication rates. CONCLUSION Patients with hip fractures and cirrhosis who are at high risk of poor postoperative outcomes could be identified. This study highlights the significantly higher in-hospital mortality observed in patients with Child-Pugh class C cirrhosis undergoing hip fracture surgery compared to those with class B. These findings underscore the need for careful risk-benefit discussions, considering the severity of cirrhosis, surgical risks, and care goals for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Hamada
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Takatsuki General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Healthcare Economics and Quality Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiko Tsutsumi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Takatsuki General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Healthcare Economics and Quality Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayako Tsunemitsu
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Takatsuki General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Healthcare Economics and Quality Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Sasaki
- Department of Healthcare Economics and Quality Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Susumu Kunisawa
- Department of Healthcare Economics and Quality Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kiyohide Fushimi
- Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Imanaka
- Department of Healthcare Economics and Quality Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Health Security System, Centre for Health Security, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Eichenwald LS, Karagozian R, Eichenwald AJ, Morrissey J, Kini S, Stein A, Vest AR. Association of liver biopsy pathology on outcome of patients undergoing heart transplantation. JHLT OPEN 2025; 7:100187. [PMID: 40144842 PMCID: PMC11935397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhlto.2024.100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2025]
Abstract
Background Patients with advanced heart failure needing heart transplant commonly suffer liver dysfunction. However, there is limited data on the impact of liver fibrosis on outcomes for heart transplant (HT) candidates. We determine the relationship between liver fibrosis severity and mortality rates for HT patients. Methods A retrospective cohort study of adults listed for HT who underwent a liver biopsy for evaluation of early or advanced liver fibrosis from August 12, 2004 to February 16, 2022. Trend analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazard model, controlling for MELD-XI. At-risk period starts at the time of waitlist; the end of the follow-up period was mortality on the waitlist, mortality post-HT, or administrative censoring at the end of the study. Results There was no significant difference in the survival of patients with advanced fibrosis and early fibrosis over time (HR 1.54, CI 0.59-4.02, p = 0.5). Similarly, there was also no significant survival difference within groups who did (HR 0.78, CI = 0.26-2.33, p = 0.8) or did not (HR 1.00, CI 0.09-11.43, p = 0.9) receive transplants. However, most transplants were performed in patients with no or early fibrosis. Conclusion There was no significant difference in the survival rates between HT candidates with and without advanced fibrosis on the waitlist and post-HT, challenging the notion that advanced fibrosis should be an absolute contraindication for HT. However, our findings are limited by the small sample size, retrospective design, and focus on patients already deemed suitable for transplantation. These limitations highlight the need for prospective studies involving broader patient populations, including those excluded from transplant candidacy due to severe fibrosis or cirrhosis. Future research should evaluate whether pre-transplant liver biopsy is necessary for all HT candidates or if clinical assessments can adequately stratify risk. Lay summary This study found that the presence of advanced liver injury did not confer a difference in the waitlist and post heart transplant (HT) survival rates of patients on the HT transplant list. This finding suggests that patients listed for transplant may not need to undergo a liver biopsy as part of the transplant work up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S. Eichenwald
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raffi Karagozian
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adam J. Eichenwald
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Conservation Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine
| | - John Morrissey
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Saurav Kini
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ariella Stein
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amanda R. Vest
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Krittanawong C, Wang Y, Qadeer YK, Chen B, Wang Z, Al-Azzam F, Alam M, Sharma S, Jneid H. Trends in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Utilization, Outcomes, and Healthcare Resource Use in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: A Decade of Insights (2011-2020). Crit Pathw Cardiol 2024; 23:166-173. [PMID: 38598544 DOI: 10.1097/hpc.0000000000000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
It is well known that individuals with liver cirrhosis are considered at high risk for cardiac surgery, with an increased risk for morbidity and mortality as the liver disease progresses. In the last decade, there have been considerable advances in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) as an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in individuals deemed to be at high risk for surgery. However, research surrounding TAVI in the setting of liver cirrhosis has not been as widely studied. In this national population-based cohort study, we evaluated the trends of mortality, complications, and healthcare utilization in liver cirrhotic patients undergoing TAVI, as well as analyzed the basic demographics of these individuals. We found that from 2011 to 2020, the amount of TAVI procedures conducted in cirrhotic patients was increasing annually, while mortality, procedural complications, and healthcare utilization trends in these cirrhotic patients undergoing TAVI decreased. Overall, TAVI does seem to be reasonable management for aortic stenosis patients with liver cirrhosis who need aortic valve replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayakrit Krittanawong
- From the Cardiology Division, NYU Langone Health and NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Yichen Wang
- Mercy Internal Medicine Service, Trinity Health of New England, Springfield, MA
| | | | - Bing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Fu'ad Al-Azzam
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mahboob Alam
- The Texas Heart Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Samin Sharma
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory of the Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Hani Jneid
- John Sealy Distinguished Centennial Chair in Cardiology, Chief, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Houston, TX
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Shimamura J, Okumura K, Misawa R, Bodin R, Nishida S, Tavolacci S, Malekan R, Lansman S, Spielvogel D, Ohira S. Strategy and Outcomes of Cardiac Surgery in Patients With Cirrhosis: Comprehensive Approach With Liver Transplant Program. Clin Transplant 2024; 38:e15451. [PMID: 39222289 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.15451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac surgery is considered a contraindication in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis (LC) due to increased mortality and morbidity. There are limited data on the treatment strategy and management of this population. We aimed to present our strategy and evaluate the clinical outcome of cardiac surgery in patients with LC. METHODS Our strategy was (i) to list patients for liver transplant (LT) at the time of cardiac surgery; (ii) to maintain high cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) flow (index up to 3.0 L/min/m2) based on hyper-dynamic states due to LC; and (iii) to proceed to LT if patients' liver function deteriorated with an increasing model for end-stage liver disease Na (MELD-Na) score after cardiac surgery. Thirteen patients (12 male and 1 female [mean age, 63.0]) with LC who underwent cardiac surgery between 2017 and 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Six patients were listed for LT. Indications for cardiac surgery included coronary artery disease (N = 7), endocarditis (N = 2), and tricuspid regurgitation (N = 1), tricuspid stenosis (N = 1), mitral regurgitation (N = 1), and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (N = 1). The Child-Pugh score was A in five, B in six, and C in one patient. The procedure included coronary artery bypass grafting (N = 6), single valve surgery (mitral valve [N = 2] and tricuspid valve [N = 1]), concomitant aortic and tricuspid valve surgery (N = 2), and septal myectomy (N = 1). Two patients had a history of previous sternotomy. The perfusion index during CPB was 3.1 ± 0.5 L/min/m2. Postoperative complications include pleural effusion (N = 6), bleeding events (N = 3), acute kidney injury (N = 1), respiratory failure requiring tracheostomy (N = 2), tamponade (N = 1), and sternal infection (N = 1). There was no in-hospital death. There was one remote death due to COVID-19 complication. Preoperative and postoperative highest MELD-Na score among listed patients was 15.8 ± 5.1 and 19.3 ± 5.3, respectively. Five patients underwent LT (1, 5, 8, 16, and 24 months following cardiac surgery) and one patient remains on the list. Survival rates at 1 and 3 years are 100% and 75.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION Cardiac surgery maintaining high CPB flow with LT backup is a feasible strategy in an otherwise inoperable patient population with an acceptable early and midterm survival when performed in a center with an experienced cardiac surgery and LT program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Shimamura
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Kenji Okumura
- Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Ryosuke Misawa
- Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Roxana Bodin
- Division of Transplant Hepatology, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Seigo Nishida
- Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Sooyun Tavolacci
- Division of Radiation and Research Institute, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Ramin Malekan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Steven Lansman
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - David Spielvogel
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Suguru Ohira
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, New York, USA
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Cizmic A, Rahmanian PB, Gassa A, Kuhn E, Mader N, Wahlers T. Prognostic value of ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Surg 2023; 18:302. [PMID: 37898812 PMCID: PMC10613375 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-023-02393-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mild or moderate liver cirrhosis increases the risk of complications after cardiac surgery. Ascites is the most common complication associated with liver cirrhosis. However, the prognostic value of ascites on postoperative morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery remains uninvestigated. METHODS A retrospective study included 69 patients with preoperatively diagnosed liver cirrhosis who underwent cardiac surgery between January 2009 and January 2018 at the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany. The patients were divided into ascites and non-ascites groups based on preoperatively diagnosed ascites. Thirty-day mortality, postoperative complications, length of stay, and blood transfusions were analyzed postoperatively. RESULTS Out of the total of 69 patients, 14 (21%) had preoperatively diagnosed ascites. Ascites group had more postoperative complications such as blood transfusions (packed red blood cells: 78.6% vs. 40.0%, p = 0.010; fresh frozen plasma: 57.1% vs. 29.1%, p = 0.049), acute kidney injury (78.6% vs. 45.5%, p = 0.027), longer ICU stay (8 vs. 3 days, p = 0.044) with prolonged mechanical ventilation (57.1% vs. 23.6%, p = 0.015) and tracheotomy (28.6% vs. 3.6%, p = 0.003). The 30-day mortality rate was significantly higher in the ascites group than in the non-ascites group (35.7% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Ascites should be implemented in preoperative risk score assessments in cirrhotic patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Preoperative treatment of ascites could reduce the negative impact of ascites on postoperative complications after cardiac surgery. However, this needs to be thoroughly investigated in prospective randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amila Cizmic
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - Asmae Gassa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elmar Kuhn
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Navid Mader
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wahlers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Bedewy A, El-Kassas M. Anesthesia in patients with chronic liver disease: An updated review. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2023; 47:102205. [PMID: 37678609 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2023.102205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Anesthesia in chronic liver disease patients can be challenging because of the medications given or interventions performed and their effects on liver physiology. Also, the effects of liver disease on coagulation and metabolism should be considered carefully. This review focuses on anesthesia in patients with different chronic liver disease stages. A literature search was performed for Scopus and PubMed databases for articles discussing different types of anesthesia in patients with chronic liver disease, their safety, usage, and risks. The choice of anesthesia is of crucial importance. Regional anesthesia, especially neuroaxial anesthesia, may benefit some patients with liver disease, but coagulopathy should be considered. Regional anesthesia provides optimum intraoperative relaxation and analgesia that extends to the postoperative period while avoiding the side effects of intravenous anesthetics and opioids. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of anesthetic medications must guard against complications related to overdose or decreased metabolism. The choice of anesthesia in chronic liver disease patients is crucial and could be tailored according to the degree of liver compensation and the magnitude of the surgical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Bedewy
- Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Kassas
- Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Postal Code: 11795, Cairo, Egypt.
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9
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Doycheva I, Izzy M, Watt KD. Cardiovascular assessment before liver transplantation. CARDIO-HEPATOLOGY 2023:309-326. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-817394-7.00005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
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10
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Lopez-Delgado JC, Putzu A, Landoni G. The importance of liver function assessment before cardiac surgery: A narrative review. Front Surg 2022; 9:1053019. [PMID: 36561575 PMCID: PMC9764862 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1053019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand for cardiac surgery procedures is increasing globally. Thanks to an improvement in survival driven by medical advances, patients with liver disease undergo cardiac surgery more often. Liver disease is associated with the development of heart failure, especially in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Cardiovascular risk factors can also contribute to the development of both cardiomyopathy and liver disease and heart failure itself can worsen liver function. Despite the risk that liver disease and cirrhosis represent for the perioperative management of patients who undergo cardiac surgery, liver function is often not included in common risk scores for preoperative evaluation. These patients have worse short and long-term survival when compared with other cardiac surgery populations. Preoperative evaluation of liver function, postoperative management and close postoperative follow-up are crucial for avoiding complications and improving results. In the present narrative review, we discuss the pathophysiological components related with postoperative complications and mortality in patients with liver disease who undergo cardiac surgery and provide recommendations for the perioperative management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Lopez-Delgado
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Area de Vigilancia Intensiva (ICMiD), Barcelona, Spain,IDIBELL (Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Bellvitge; Biomedical Investigation Institute of Bellvitge), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain,Correspondence: Juan C. Lopez-Delgado Alessandro Putzu
| | - Alessandro Putzu
- Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Acute Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland,Correspondence: Juan C. Lopez-Delgado Alessandro Putzu
| | - Giovanni Landoni
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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11
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Saade W, Peruzzi M, Marullo AG. Transcatheter procedures for valvular heart disease in liver cirrhosis patients: too many unanswered questions? Trends Cardiovasc Med 2022; 33:250-251. [PMID: 35292352 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wael Saade
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Peruzzi
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Gm Marullo
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Novella 22, Latina 00199, Italy.
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12
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Jacob S, Nguyen JH, El-Sayed Ahmed MM, Makey IA, Haddad OK, Thomas M, Sareyyupoglu B, Pham SM, Landolfo KP. Combined cardiac surgery procedures and liver transplant: a single-center experience. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022; 70:714-720. [PMID: 35146597 DOI: 10.1007/s11748-022-01783-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Morbidity and mortality rates associated with liver transplant are high for patients with concomitant heart disease. Traditionally, such cases were considered contraindications for transplant. The objective of our study was to assess the outcome of combined surgical approaches. METHODS A prospectively maintained database was analyzed of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and liver transplant at our institution. Twelve identified patients underwent combined cardiac operation and liver transplant. A control group was created (n = 24) with the same selection criteria. RESULTS Median patient age was 64.94 years in the combined group vs 63.80 in the control, and in both groups, 58% were male. Left ventricular ejection fraction (0.60), body mass index (30.1), and median (range) score of the Model for End-stage Liver Disease (18 [9-33]) were the same in both groups. The cardiac operations combined with liver transplant were coronary artery bypass grafting, valve replacement procedures, and ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm repair. Piggyback liver transplant was performed for all patients. Survival periods of 1, 5, and 10 years for control vs combined cases were 90 vs 62%, 79 vs 55%, and 70 vs 45%, respectively (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION Concomitant cardiac procedure and liver transplant is a valid treatment option and should be considered with risk stratification criteria of the patient with end-stage liver disease and cardiac surgical pathologic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Jacob
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, Florida, 32224, USA.
| | - Justin H Nguyen
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Magdy M El-Sayed Ahmed
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, Florida, 32224, USA
| | - Ian A Makey
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, Florida, 32224, USA
| | - Osama K Haddad
- Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Mathew Thomas
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, Florida, 32224, USA.,Division of Transplant Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Basar Sareyyupoglu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, Florida, 32224, USA
| | - Si M Pham
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, Florida, 32224, USA
| | - Kevin P Landolfo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, Florida, 32224, USA.,Division of Transplant Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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13
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OUP accepted manuscript. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 62:6575310. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezac128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ahmed T, Misumida N, Grigorian A, Tarantini G, Messerli AW. Transcatheter interventions for valvular heart diseases in liver cirrhosis patients. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2021; 33:242-249. [PMID: 34974163 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing prevalence of patients who have both liver cirrhosis (LC) and severe valvular heart disease. This combination typically poses prohibitive risk for liver transplantation. LC related malnourishment, hypoalbuminemia and hyperdynamic circulation places patients with severe LC at higher rates for significant bleeding and/or thrombosis, as well as infectious and renal complications, after either surgical or transcatheter valvular interventions. Although there remains scarce comparative evidence, the preponderance of data suggest that percutaneous strategies are preferred over surgical ones. A multidisciplinary team is ideal for identifying those patients with LC who would benefit from transcatheter valvular heart interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Naoki Misumida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gill Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Alla Grigorian
- Department of Hepatology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Giuseppe Tarantini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Adrian W Messerli
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gill Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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15
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Wang Z, Chen T, Ge M, Chen C, Lu L, Zhang L, Wang D. The risk factors and outcomes of preoperative hepatic dysfunction in patients who receive surgical repair for acute type A aortic dissection. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:5638-5648. [PMID: 34795914 PMCID: PMC8575816 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatic dysfunction (HD) is a common complication that can occur after surgical repair of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) and is associated with poor prognosis. However, the incidence of early preoperative HD and the associated risk factors in patients with ATAAD have not been fully elucidated. Methods A total of 984 ATAAD patients who received surgical repair within 48 hours of symptom onset at our department from January 2014 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the non-HD group and the HD groups according to the Model of End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score before surgery. The clinical parameters and clinical outcomes of the 2 groups were collected and compared. Results Preoperative HD was detected in 268 patients (27.2%). The incidence of in-hospital complications, including the need for dialysis (34.0% vs. 9.2%; P<0.001), was significantly higher in patients with HD compared to patients without HD (69.8% vs. 51.0%; P<0.001). Patients with HD had a higher 30-day mortality rate compared to patients without HD (20.1% vs. 8.4%; P<0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that preoperative cardiac tamponade, preoperative serum creatinine levels, and serum troponin T levels upon admission were independent predictors for preoperative HD in patients with ATAAD. Interestingly, even though preoperative HD was associated with an increased 30-day mortality rate, it did not significantly affect the long-term mortality rate (log-rank P=0.259). Conclusions Early HD before surgery was commonly observed in patients with ATAAD and was associated with increased in-hospital complications after surgery, but did not significantly affect long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wang
- Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Ge
- Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lichong Lu
- Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Hepatic dysfunction in patients who received acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection repair surgery: incidence, risk factors, and long-term outcomes. J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 16:296. [PMID: 34629094 PMCID: PMC8503989 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-021-01676-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic dysfunction (HD) increases the morbidity and mortality rates after cardiac surgery. However, few studies have investigated the association between HD and acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection (ADIAD) surgery. This retrospective study aimed to identify risk factors for developing HD in patients who received acute type I aortic dissection repair and its consequences. METHODS A total of 830 consecutive patients who received ADIAD surgery from January 2014 to December 2019 at our center were screened for this study. The End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score more than 14 was applied to identify postoperative HD. Logistic regression model was applied to identify risk factors for postoperative HD, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression assay were conducted to analyze the association between HD and postoperative long-term survival. RESULTS Among 634 patients who eventually enrolled in this study, 401 (63.2%) experienced postoperative HD with a 30-Day mortality of 15.5%. Preoperative plasma fibrinogen level (PFL) [odds ratio (OR): 0.581, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.362-0.933, P = 0.025], serum creatinine (sCr) on admission (OR: 1.050, 95% CI 1.022-1.079, P < 0.001), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time (OR: 1.017, 95% CI 1.010-1.033, P = 0.039), and postoperative mechanical ventilation (MV) duration (OR: 1.019, 95% CI 1.003-1.035, P = 0.020) were identified as independent risk factors for developing postoperative HD by multivariate analyses. In addition, the Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the long-term survival rate was significantly different between patients with or without postoperative HD. However, the hazard ratios of long-term survival for these two groups were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS HD was a common complication after ADIAD surgery and associated with an increasing 30-Day mortality rate. Decreased PFL, elevated sCr, prolonged CPB duration, and longer postoperative MV time were independent risk factors for postoperative HD.
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Amdani S, Boyle GJ, Cantor RS, Conway J, Godown J, Kirklin JK, Koehl D, Lal AK, Law Y, Lorts A, Rosenthal DN. Significance of pre and post-implant MELD-XI score on survival in children undergoing VAD implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021; 40:1614-1624. [PMID: 34598872 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Derangements in liver and renal function often accompany end-stage heart failure. We sought to assess the utility of an objective risk assessment tool, the Model for End-stage Liver Disease eXcluding INR (MELD-XI), to identify pediatric patients at increased risk for adverse outcomes post-ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation. METHODS The Pedimacs database was queried for all pediatric patients who underwent VAD implantation from September 19, 2012 to December 31, 2019. Pre-implant and early (1-week) post-implant MELD-XI scores were used to stratify patients into low, intermediate and high score cohorts. Comparison of pre-implant characteristics and post-implant outcomes were conducted across groups. Multiphase parametric hazard modeling was utilized to identify independent predictors of post-implant mortality. RESULTS A total of 742 patients had a calculable MELD-XI score pre-implant. When stratified by MELD-XI scores pre-implant, patients in the high MELD-XI score cohort (score >13.6) had inferior survival and increased bleeding, renal dysfunction and respiratory failure post-implant compared to intermediate and low score cohorts. Risk factors for mortality post-VAD implantation were: increasing MELD-XI scores (HR 1.1 per 1 unit rise), Pedimacs profile 1 (HR 1.6), congenital heart disease (HR 2.3) and being on a percutaneous VAD (HR 2.7). Importantly, MELD-XI score was a better predictor of post-VAD implant mortality than bilirubin or creatinine alone, neither of which were significant in the final model. Patients with increasing or continued high MELD-XI scores early post-implant had the worst survival. CONCLUSION The MELD-XI is an easily calculated score that serves as a promising risk assessment tool in identifying children at risk for poor outcomes post VAD implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnawaz Amdani
- Department of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Gerard J Boyle
- Department of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ryan S Cantor
- Kirklin Institute for Research in Surgical Outcomes, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jennifer Conway
- Department of Cardiology, University of Alberta, Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Justin Godown
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James K Kirklin
- Kirklin Institute for Research in Surgical Outcomes, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Devin Koehl
- Kirklin Institute for Research in Surgical Outcomes, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ashwin K Lal
- Division of Cardiology, Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Yuk Law
- Department of Cardiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - Angela Lorts
- Department of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - David N Rosenthal
- Department of Cardiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
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Lim K, Chow SCY, Ho JYK, Wan S, Underwood MJ, Wong RHL. Hepatorenal dysfunction predicts operative mortality after triple valve surgery: Utility of MELD-Na. J Card Surg 2021; 36:3112-3118. [PMID: 34137081 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite significant advancements in operative techniques and myocardial protection, triple valve surgery (TVS) remains a formidable operation with a relatively high in-hospital mortality. We evaluated the prognostic value of Model for End-stage Liver Disease score including sodium (MELD-Na) for mortality after TVS and its predictive value when incorporated in the EuroSCORE risk model. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of 61 consecutive patients who underwent TVS from November 2005 to June 2016. Demographics, clinical, biochemical, and operative data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Median follow-up duration was 8.0 years. The majority (70.5%) of patients suffered from rheumatic heart disease and underwent mechanical double valve replacement with tricuspid valve repair. There were six operative deaths (9.84%), with the most common cause of death being multiorgan failure (83.3%). In 26.2% of the cohort, the MELD-Na score was moderately elevated at 9 to 15. A small fraction (4.9%) had a severely elevated MELD-Na greater than 15. Patients with a MELD-Na greater than 9 had a higher unadjusted rate of operative mortality, prolonged ventilation, need for dialysis and acute liver failure after TVS. Hierarchical logistic regression was performed using logistic EuroSCORE as the base model. After risk adjustment, each point of MELD-Na score increase was associated with 1.405 times increase in odds of operative mortality. The regression analysis was repeated by incorporating individual components of the MELD-Na score, including bilirubin, sodium, and albumin. All three biochemical parameters were significantly associated with operative mortality CONCLUSION: MELD-Na score as a quantifier of hepatorenal dysfunction is sensitive and specific for operative mortality after triple valve surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Lim
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | - Jacky Yan Kit Ho
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Song Wan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
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Juneja R, Kumar A, Ranjan R, Hemantlal PM, Mehta Y, Wasir H, Vohra V, Trehan N. Combined off pump coronary artery bypass graft and liver transplant. Ann Card Anaesth 2021; 24:197-202. [PMID: 33884976 PMCID: PMC8253011 DOI: 10.4103/aca.aca_194_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prospective recipients of liver transplant (LT) have a high prevalence rate of coronary artery disease (CAD) requiring revascularization. In patients of Child Turcot Pugh Class B and C performing LT prior to cardiac revascularization on cardiopulmonary bypass leads to a high risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Whereas, isolated cardiac surgery prior to LT has perioperative risk of coagulopathy, sepsis, and hepatic decompensation. We present four cases of end stage liver disease who underwent concomitant living donor liver transplant (LDLT) with off pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) in an effort to decrease the morbidity and mortality. Methods The cases were performed in a tertiary care centre over two years. Four patients scheduled for LDLT, who were diagnosed with significant CAD, underwent single sitting OPCAB and LDLT. Cardiac surgery was performed first and once patient was stable, it was followed by LDLT. The morbidity parameters in terms of duration of intubation, blood transfusion, hospital stay, ICU stay, requirement of dialysis, atrial fibrillation and sepsis was compared with similar studies. Results The blood transfusion requirement (median 8 units PRBC), incidence of atrial fibrillation (25%), sepsis (25%), and renal dysfunction (0%) was less than the combined surgery conducted on cardiopulmonary bypass. The rate of median intubation time, length of ICU stay, hospital stay, and one year mortality rate was comparable with other studies. Conclusions Morbidity with combined OPCAB and LDLT is less than combined on pump coronary artery bypass surgery with LDLT. Combined CABG with LDLT may be performed with acceptable outcomes in CTP class B and C cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Juneja
- Institute of Critical Care and Anaesthesia, Medanta-the Medicity, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Anaesthesia, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rajeev Ranjan
- Institute of Critical Care and Anaesthesia, Medanta-the Medicity, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - P M Hemantlal
- Institute of Critical Care and Anaesthesia, Medanta-the Medicity, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Yatin Mehta
- Institute of Critical Care and Anaesthesia, Medanta-the Medicity, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Harpreet Wasir
- Medanta Heart Institute, Medanta the Medicity, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vijay Vohra
- Institute of Critical Care and Anaesthesia, Medanta-the Medicity, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Naresh Trehan
- Medanta Heart Institute, Medanta the Medicity, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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Caughron H, Parikh D, Allison Z, Deuse T, Mahadevan VS. Outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in end stage liver and renal disease. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 98:159-167. [PMID: 33594809 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.29559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluates in-hospital, 30-day, and 1-year outcomes post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in end stage liver disease (ESLD) and/or end stage renal disease (ESRD) compared with patients without these comorbidities. BACKGROUND TAVR is an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with ESLD and ESRD, though current outcomes data are limited. METHODS We compared 309 patients (N = 29 ESLD and/or ESRD, N = 280 control) age > 18 who underwent transfemoral TAVR from 2014 to 2020 have been compared. RESULTS Patients with ESLD and ESRD were younger (69.9 ± 11.7 vs. 79.1 ± 9.8, p < .01) with higher STS-PROM scores (8.1 ± 6.7 vs. 4.6 ± 3.9, p < .01). ESRD and ESLD patients had similar rates of in-hospital major vascular complications (3.4% vs. 3.2%, p = .96), major bleeding events (3.4% vs. 3.2%, p = .95), and mortality (0.0% vs. 1.8%, p = .47). Mortality rates were similar at 30-days (3.4% vs. 2.1%, p = .65) with trend to higher mortality at 6-months (6.9% vs. 3.2%, p = .31) and 1-year (15.4% vs. 7.0%, p = .13). Readmission rates were higher in the ESLD and ESRD cohort at 6-months (53.2% vs. 28.6%, p < .01) and 1-year (65.4% vs. 41.0%, p = .02). One patient received dual kidney-liver transplant, 1 patient received a liver transplant, and 7 additional patients were listed for transplant. CONCLUSION Patients with ESLD and/or ESRD who underwent TAVR had similar mortality at discharge and 30-days compared with patients without these comorbidities with a trend toward increased mortality at 1-year. This study suggests that TAVR is an option for aortic valve disease patients with ESRD and/or ESLD in order to remove cardiac barriers to liver or kidney transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope Caughron
- Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Devang Parikh
- Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Zev Allison
- Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tobias Deuse
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Vaikom S Mahadevan
- Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
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Khan MU, Khan MZ, Khan SU, Kaluski E. Transcatheter mitral valve repair in patients with chronic liver disease: Insights from the national inpatient sample. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 97:344-352. [PMID: 32770731 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.29173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate contemporary national trends of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare utilization in patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) and co-existing chronic liver disease (CLD) undergoing transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR). METHODS The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was used to assess trends in patients undergoing TMVR between January 2012 and December 2017. Propensity match analysis was done to compare it to subjects without underlying CLD. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality. RESULTS Of 15,270 patients undergoing TMVR, 569 (3.7%) had coexisting CLD. Patients with CLD had a higher proportion of males (61.3 vs 52.6%; p < .01), congestive heart failure (6.9 vs 1.0%; p < .01), renal failure (42.2 vs 36.7%; p < .01), and peripheral vascular disease (19.3 vs 12.5%; p < .01). After propensity matching subjects with CLD had significantly higher hospital mortality (19.8 vs 4.6%; p < .01), acute kidney injury (46.1 vs 37.8%; p < .01), cardiogenic shock (25.4 vs 12.1%; p < .01), mechanical ventilation (26.3 vs 14.0; p < .01), pneumothorax (6.6 vs <2%.; p < .01), length of stay (5 vs 9 days), and average cost of hospitalization (209,573 vs 250,587 $; p < .01). Over the years, in-hospital mortality in patients receiving TMVR has improved in both patients with (from 33.3 in 2013 to 22.2% in 2017) and without CLD (from 2.7 in 2011 to 1.6% in 2017). CONCLUSION Patients with MR undergoing TMVR, with coexisting CLD bear substantially higher comorbidities, complication rates, and inpatient mortality compared with those without CLD. A favorable temporal trend of in-hospital mortality among these subjects is noteworthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad U Khan
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Muhammad Z Khan
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Safi U Khan
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Edo Kaluski
- Guthrie Clinic/Robert Packer Hospital, Sayre, Pennsylvania, USA.,Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA
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Peeraphatdit TB, Nkomo VT, Naksuk N, Simonetto DA, Thakral N, Spears GM, Harmsen WS, Shah VH, Greason KL, Kamath PS. Long-Term Outcomes After Transcatheter and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Cirrhosis: A Guide for the Hepatologist. Hepatology 2020; 72:1735-1746. [PMID: 32080875 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatologists often determine whether transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is preferred for patients with cirrhosis and severe aortic stenosis. The goal of this cohort study is to compare outcomes following TAVR and SAVR in patients with cirrhosis to inform the preferred intervention. APPROACH AND RESULTS Prospectively collected data on 105 consecutive patients with cirrhosis and aortic stenosis who underwent TAVR (n = 55) or SAVR (n = 50) between 2008 and 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. Two control groups were included: 2,680 patients without cirrhosis undergoing TAVR and SAVR and 17 patients with cirrhosis who received medical therapy alone. Among the 105 patients with cirrhosis, the median Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 3.8% (1.5, 6.9), and the median Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was 11.6 (9.4, 14.0). The TAVR group had similar in-hospital (1.8% vs. 2.0%) and 30-day mortality (3.6% vs. 4.2%) as the SAVR group. During the median follow-up of 3.8 years (95% confidence interval, 3.0-6.9), there were 63 (60%) deaths. MELD score (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.21; P = 0.002) was an independent predictor of long-term survival. In the subgroup of patients with MELD score <12, the TAVR group had reduced survival compared with the SAVR group (median survival of 2.8 vs. 4.4 years; P = 0.047). However, in those with MELD score ≥12, survival after TAVR, SAVR, and medical therapy was similar (1.3 vs. 2.1 vs. 1.6 years, respectively; P = 0.53). CONCLUSION In select patients with cirrhosis, both TAVR and SAVR have acceptable and comparable short-term outcomes. MELD score, but not Society of Thoracic Surgeons score, independently predicts long-term survival after TAVR and SAVR. For patients with MELD score <12, SAVR is a preferred procedure; however, neither procedure appears superior to medical therapy in patients with MELD score ≥12.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vuyisile T Nkomo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Niyada Naksuk
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN.,Division of Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Douglas A Simonetto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Nimish Thakral
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Grant M Spears
- Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - William S Harmsen
- Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Vijay H Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Kevin L Greason
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Patrick S Kamath
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
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Newman KL, Johnson KM, Cornia PB, Wu P, Itani K, Ioannou GN. Perioperative Evaluation and Management of Patients With Cirrhosis: Risk Assessment, Surgical Outcomes, and Future Directions. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 18:2398-2414.e3. [PMID: 31376494 PMCID: PMC6994232 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality. We provide a narrative review of the available data regarding perioperative morbidity and mortality, risk assessment, and management of patients with cirrhosis undergoing non-hepatic surgical procedures. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature from 1998-2018 and identified 87 studies reporting perioperative outcomes in patients with cirrhosis. We extracted elements of study design and perioperative mortality by surgical procedure, Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class and Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score reported in these 87 studies to support our narrative review. RESULTS Overall, perioperative mortality is 2-10 times higher in patients with cirrhosis compared to patients without cirrhosis, depending on the severity of liver dysfunction. For elective procedures, patients with compensated cirrhosis (CTP class A, or MELD <10) have minimal increase in operative mortality. CTP class C patients (or MELD >15) are at high risk for mortality; liver transplantation or alternatives to surgery should be considered. Very little data exist to guide perioperative management of patients with cirrhosis, so most recommendations are based on case series and expert opinion. Existing risk calculators are inadequate. CONCLUSIONS Severity of liver dysfunction, medical comorbidities and the type and complexity of surgery, including whether it is elective versus emergent, are all determinants of perioperative mortality and morbidity in patients with cirrhosis. There are major limitations to the existing clinical research on risk assessment and perioperative management that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira L Newman
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Kay M Johnson
- Hospital and Specialty Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, and Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Paul B Cornia
- Hospital and Specialty Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, and Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Peter Wu
- Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kamal Itani
- Boston VA Health Care System and Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - George N Ioannou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington
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24
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Garatti A, Daprati A, Cottini M, Russo CF, Dalla Tomba M, Troise G, Salsano A, Santini F, Scrofani R, Nicolò F, Mikus E, Albertini A, Di Marco L, Pacini D, Picichè M, Salvador L, Actis Dato GM, Centofanti P, Paparella D, Kounakis G, Parolari A, Menicanti L. Cardiac Surgery in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis (CASTER) Study: Early and Long-Term Outcomes. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 111:1242-1251. [PMID: 32919974 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.06.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) undergoing cardiac surgery (CS) face perioperative high mortality and morbidity, but extensive studies on this topic are lacking. METHODS All adult patients with LC undergoing a CS procedure between 2000 and 2017 at 10 Italian Institutions were included in this retrospective cohort study. LC was classified according to preoperative Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. Early-term and medium-term outcomes analysis was performed in the overall population and according to CTP classes. RESULTS The study population included 144 patients (mean age 66 ± 9 years, 69% male). Ninety-eight, 20, and 26 patients were in CTP class A, in early CTP class B (MELD score <12), or advanced CTP class B (MELD score >12), respectively. The main LC etiologies were viral (43%) and alcoholic (36%). Liver-related clinical presentation (ascites, esophageal varices, and encephalopathy) and laboratory values (estimated glomerular filtration rate, serum albumin, and bilirubin, platelet count) significantly worsened across the CTP classes (P = .001). Coronary artery bypass grafting or valve surgery (87% bioprosthesis) were performed in 36% and 50%, respectively. Postoperative complications (especially acute kidney injury, liver complication, and length of stay) significantly worsened in advanced CTP class B (P = .001). Notably, observed mortality was 3-fold or 4-fold higher than the EuroSCORE (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation) II-predicted mortality, in the overall population, and in the subgroups. At Kaplan-Meier analysis, 1-year and 5-year cumulative survival in the overall population was 82% ± 3% and 77% ± 4%, respectively. The 5-year survival in CTP class A, early CTP class B, and advanced CTP class B was 72% ± 5%, 68% ± 11%, and 61% ± 10%, respectively (P = .238). CONCLUSIONS CS outcomes in patients with LC are significantly affected in relation to the extent of preoperative liver dysfunction, but in early CTP classes, medium-term survival is acceptable. Further analysis are needed to better estimate the preoperative risk stratification of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Garatti
- Cardiac Surgery Division, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy.
| | - Andrea Daprati
- Cardiac Surgery Division, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Marzia Cottini
- Cardiac Surgery Division, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio F Russo
- Cardiac Surgery Division, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Troise
- Cardiac Surgery Division, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Salsano
- Cardiac Surgery Division, Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Santini
- Cardiac Surgery Division, Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Scrofani
- Cardiac Surgery Division, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Nicolò
- Cardiac Surgery Division, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Mikus
- Cardiac Surgery Division, Maria Cecilia Hospital GVM for Care and Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Alberto Albertini
- Cardiac Surgery Division, Maria Cecilia Hospital GVM for Care and Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Luca Di Marco
- Cardiac Surgery Division, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, S. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Pacini
- Cardiac Surgery Division, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, S. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Picichè
- Cardiac Surgery Division, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Loris Salvador
- Cardiac Surgery Division, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Domenico Paparella
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari Italy; Cardiac Surgery Division, Santa Maria Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgios Kounakis
- Cardiac Surgery Division, Santa Maria Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Parolari
- Universitary Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato and University of Milan, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Menicanti
- Cardiac Surgery Division, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
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25
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Levy C, Lassailly G, El Amrani M, Vincent F, Delhaye C, Meurice T, Boleslawski E, Millet G, Ningarhari M, Truant S, Louvet A, Mathurin P, Lebuffe G, Pruvot FR, Dharancy S. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) as bridge therapy restoring eligibility for liver transplantation in cirrhotic patients. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:2567-2570. [PMID: 32347626 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Severe aortic stenosis is a widespread valve disease, constituting a contraindication to organ transplantation due to cardiovascular morbidity and projected mortality. Mortality after conventional surgical aortic valve replacement in cirrhotic patients depends upon the Child-Pugh class. In the past few years, transcatheter aortic valve replacement has progressively become the treatment of choice for high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. Here, we report the cases of 3 cirrhotic patients who became eligible for liver transplantation after successful transcatheter aortic valve replacement as bridge therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementine Levy
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,INSERM U995, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Lassailly
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,INSERM U995, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mehdi El Amrani
- CHU Lille, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Flavien Vincent
- Cardiology, CHU Lille, Institut Coeur Poumon, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Cedric Delhaye
- Cardiology, CHU Lille, Institut Coeur Poumon, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Boleslawski
- CHU Lille, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Millet
- CHU Lille, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Massih Ningarhari
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,INSERM U995, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Stephanie Truant
- CHU Lille, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Alexandre Louvet
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,INSERM U995, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Mathurin
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,INSERM U995, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gilles Lebuffe
- CHU Lille, Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation, and Critical Care Anesthesiology, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - François-René Pruvot
- CHU Lille, Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sébastien Dharancy
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, CHU Lille, Lille, France.,INSERM U995, University of Lille, Lille, France
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26
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Yoon U, Topper J, Goldhammer J. Preoperative Evaluation and Anesthetic Management of Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Undergoing Cardiac Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 36:1429-1448. [PMID: 32891522 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Preoperative evaluation and anesthetic management of patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing cardiac surgery remain a clinical challenge because of its high risk for perioperative complications. This narrative review article summarizes the pathophysiology and anesthetic implication of liver cirrhosis on each organ system. It will help physicians to evaluate surgical candidates, to optimize intraoperative management, and to anticipate complications in liver cirrhosis patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Morbidity typically results from bleeding, sepsis, multisystem organ failure, or hepatic insufficiency. These complications occur as a result of the presence of coagulopathy, poor nutritional status, immune dysfunction, cirrhotic cardiomyopathy, and renal and pulmonary dysfunction that occur with liver cirrhosis. Therefore, liver cirrhosis should not be seen as a single disease, but one that manifests with multiorgan dysfunction. Cardiac surgery in patients with liver cirrhosis increases the risk of perioperative complications, and it presents a particular challenge to the anesthesiologist in that nearly every aspect of normally functioning physiology may be jeopardized in a unique way. Accurately classifying the extent of liver disease, preoperative optimization, and surgical risk communication with the patient are crucial. In addition, all teams involved in the surgery should communicate openly and coordinate in order to ensure optimal care. To reduce perioperative complications, consider using off-pump cardiopulmonary bypass techniques and optimal perfusion modalities to mimic current physiologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzung Yoon
- Department of Anesthesiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - James Topper
- Department of Anesthesiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jordan Goldhammer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
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27
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Safety and Outcomes of Combined Liver Transplantation and Cardiac Surgery in Cirrhosis. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 111:62-68. [PMID: 32585202 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.04.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decompensation of liver function after cardiac surgery in patients with cirrhosis has resulted in high morbidity and mortality. A treatment strategy, for which there is a scarcity of data in the literature, encompasses combined liver transplantation and cardiac surgery. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on 15 patients who underwent combined liver transplantation and cardiac surgery between 2005 to 2017 at our institution. RESULTS Between 2005 and 2017, 15 patients with cirrhosis and coronary artery disease or valve disease were identified who underwent combined liver transplantation and cardiac surgery. The cardiac disease was considered severe enough to preclude liver transplantation alone. Likewise, the advanced cirrhosis precluded cardiac surgery alone. Eighty percent of the patients were male and average age was 60 years. Six patients had coronary artery disease, 2 patients had severe aortic stenosis and coronary artery disease, 1 patient had severe mitral regurgitation and coronary artery disease, 2 patients had severe aortic stenosis, 1 patient had mitral valve prolapse, and 3 patients had severe aortic insufficiency. The mean model for end-stage liver disease score was 24. Four subjects were Child-Pugh class B, and 11 were class C. One-year survival was 73.3%. CONCLUSIONS Combined liver transplant and cardiac surgery is feasible in this selected, otherwise inoperable, patient population with an acceptable early and midterm survival when performed in high volume centers with a cohesive multidisciplinary team.
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28
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Jha AK, Lata S. Liver transplantation and cardiac illness: Current evidences and future directions. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2020; 27:225-241. [PMID: 31975575 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Contraindications to liver transplantation are gradually narrowing. Cardiac illness and chronic liver disease may manifest independently or may be superimposed on each other due to shared pathophysiology. Cardiac surgery involving the cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with Child-Pugh Class C liver disease is associated with a high risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality. Liver transplantation involves hemodynamic perturbations, volume shifts, coagulation abnormalities, electrolyte disturbances, and hypothermia, which may prove fatal in patients with cardiac illness depending upon the severity. Additionally, cardiovascular complications are the major cause of adverse postoperative outcomes after liver transplantation even in the absence of cardiac pathologies. Clinical decision-making has remained an unsettled issue in these clinical scenarios. The absence of randomized clinical studies has further crippled our endeavours for a consensus on the management of patients with end-stage liver disease with cardiac illness. This review seeks to address this complex clinical setting by gathering information from published literature. The management algorithm in this review may facilitate clinical decision making and augur future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Jha
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Suman Lata
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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29
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Lu DY, Saybolt MD, Kiss DH, Matthai WH, Forde KA, Giri J, Wilensky RL. One-Year Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with End-Stage Liver Disease. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2020; 14:1179546820901491. [PMID: 32030068 PMCID: PMC6977100 DOI: 10.1177/1179546820901491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Patients with cirrhosis and coronary artery disease (CAD) are at high risk
for morbidity during surgical revascularization so they are often referred
for complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Percutaneous coronary
intervention in the cirrhotic population also has inherent risks; however,
quantifiable data on long-term outcomes are lacking. Methods: Patients with angiographically significant CAD and cirrhosis were identified
from the catheterization lab databases of the University of Pennsylvania
Health System between 2007 and 2015. Outcomes were obtained from the medical
record and telephonic contact with patients/families. Results: Percutaneous coronary intervention was successfully performed in 42 patients
(51 PCIs). Twenty-nine patients with significant CAD were managed medically
(36 angiograms). The primary outcome (a composite of mortality, subsequent
revascularization, and myocardial infarction) was not significantly
different between the 2 groups during a follow-up period at 1 year (PCI:
50%, Control: 40%, P = .383). In the PCI group, a composite
adverse outcome rate that included acute kidney injury (AKI), severe bleed,
and peri-procedural stroke was elevated (40%), with severe bleeding
occurring after 23% of PCI events and post-procedural AKI occurring after
26% of events. The medical management group had significantly fewer total
matched adverse outcomes (17% vs 40% in the PCI group,
P = .03), with severe bleeding occurring after 11% of
events and AKI occurring after 6% of events. Increased risk of adverse
events following PCI was associated with severity of liver disease by
Child-Pugh class. Conclusions: Percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with cirrhosis is associated
with an elevated risk of adverse events, including severe bleeding and
AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Y Lu
- New York Presbyterian Hospital - Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew D Saybolt
- Hackensack Meridian Health Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, NJ, USA
| | - Daniel H Kiss
- Hackensack Meridian Health Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, NJ, USA
| | - William H Matthai
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kimberly A Forde
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jay Giri
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert L Wilensky
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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30
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Hackl F, Kopylov A, Kaufman M. Cardiac Evaluation in Liver Transplantation. CURRENT TRANSPLANTATION REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40472-019-00256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Reverter E, Cirera I, Albillos A, Debernardi-Venon W, Abraldes JG, Llop E, Flores A, Martínez-Palli G, Blasi A, Martínez J, Turon F, García-Valdecasas JC, Berzigotti A, de Lacy AM, Fuster J, Hernández-Gea V, Bosch J, García-Pagán JC. The prognostic role of hepatic venous pressure gradient in cirrhotic patients undergoing elective extrahepatic surgery. J Hepatol 2019; 71:942-950. [PMID: 31330170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Surgery in cirrhosis is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. Retrospectively reported prognostic factors include emergency procedures, liver function (MELD/Child-Pugh scores) and portal hypertension (assessed by indirect markers). This study assessed the prognostic role of hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and other variables in elective extrahepatic surgery in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS A total of 140 patients with cirrhosis (Child-Pugh A/B/C: 59/37/4%), who were due to have elective extrahepatic surgery (121 abdominal; 9 cardiovascular/thoracic; 10 orthopedic and others), were prospectively included in 4 centers (2002-2011). Hepatic and systemic hemodynamics (HVPG, indocyanine green clearance, pulmonary artery catheterization) were assessed prior to surgery, and clinical and laboratory data were collected. Patients were followed-up for 1 year and mortality, transplantation, morbidity and post-surgical decompensation were studied. RESULTS Ninety-day and 1-year mortality rates were 8% and 17%, respectively. Variables independently associated with 1-year mortality were ASA class (American Society of Anesthesiologists), high-risk surgery (defined as open abdominal and cardiovascular/thoracic) and HVPG. These variables closely predicted 90-, 180- and 365-day mortality (C-statistic >0.8). HVPG values >16 mmHg were independently associated with mortality and values ≥20 mmHg identified a subgroup at very high risk of death (44%). Twenty-four patients presented persistent or de novo decompensation at 3 months. Low body mass index, Child-Pugh class and high-risk surgery were associated with death or decompensation. No patient with HVPG <10 mmHg or indocyanine green clearance >0.63 developed decompensation. CONCLUSIONS ASA class, HVPG and high-risk surgery were prognostic factors of 1-year mortality in cirrhotic patients undergoing elective extrahepatic surgery. HVPG values >16 mmHg, especially ≥20 mmHg, were associated with a high risk of post-surgical mortality. LAY SUMMARY The hepatic venous pressure gradient is associated with outcomes in patients with cirrhosis undergoing elective extrahepatic surgery. It enables a better stratification of risk in these patients and provides the foundations for potential interventions to improve post-surgical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Reverter
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | - Isabel Cirera
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustín Albillos
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | | | - Juan G Abraldes
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | - Elba Llop
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | - Alexandra Flores
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | | | - Annabel Blasi
- Anesthesiology Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Martínez
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | - Fanny Turon
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | | | - Annalisa Berzigotti
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | - Antoni M de Lacy
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Fuster
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic. IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Virginia Hernández-Gea
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | - Jaume Bosch
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | - Joan Carles García-Pagán
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain.
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32
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Sakai Y, Kaito T, Takenaka S, Yamashita T, Makino T, Hosogane N, Nojiri K, Suzuki S, Okada E, Watanabe K, Funao H, Isogai N, Ueda S, Hikata T, Shiono Y, Watanabe K, Katsumi K, Fujiwara H, Nagamoto Y, Terai H, Tamai K, Matsuoka Y, Suzuki H, Nishimura H, Tagami A, Yamada S, Adachi S, Ohtori S, Orita S, Furuya T, Yoshii T, Ushio S, Inoue G, Miyagi M, Saito W, Imagama S, Ando K, Sakai D, Nukaga T, Kiyasu K, Kimura A, Inoue H, Nakano A, Harimaya K, Doi T, Kawaguchi K, Yokoyama N, Oishi H, Ikegami S, Futatsugi T, Shimizu M, Kakutani K, Yurube T, Oshima M, Uei H, Aoki Y, Takahata M, Iwata A, Seki S, Murakami H, Yoshioka K, Endo H, Hongo M, Nakanishi K, Abe T, Tsukanishi T, Ishii K. Complications after spinal fixation surgery for osteoporotic vertebral collapse with neurological deficits: Japan Association of Spine Surgeons with ambition multicenter study. J Orthop Sci 2019; 24:985-990. [PMID: 31521452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been few reports on the incidence and risk factors of the complications after spinal fixation surgery for osteoporotic vertebral collapse (OVC) with neurological deficits. This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of the complications after OVC surgery. METHODS In this retrospective multicenter study, a total of 403 patients (314 women and 89 men; mean age 73.8 years) who underwent spinal fixation surgery for OVC with neurological deficits between 2005 and 2014 were enrolled. Data on patient demographics were collected, including age, sex, body mass index, smoking, steroid use, medical comorbidities, and surgical procedures. All postoperative complications that occurred within 6 weeks were recorded. Patients were classified into two groups, namely, complication group and no complication group, and risk factors for postoperative complications were investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Postoperative complications occurred in 57 patients (14.1%), and the most common complication was delirium (5.7%). In the univariate analysis, the complication group was found to be older (p = 0.039) and predominantly male (p = 0.049), with higher occurrence rate of liver disease (p = 0.001) and Parkinson's disease (p = 0.039) compared with the no-complication group. In the multivariate analysis, the significant independent risk factors were age (p = 0.021; odds ratio [OR] 1.051, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.007-1.097), liver disease (p < 0.001; OR 8.993, 95% CI 2.882-28.065), and Parkinson's disease (p = 0.009; OR 3.636, 95% CI 1.378-9.599). CONCLUSIONS Complications after spinal fixation surgery for OVC with neurological deficits occurred in 14.1%. Age, liver disease, and Parkinson's disease were demonstrated to be independent risk factors for postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Sakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Shota Takenaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomoya Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Makino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Naobumi Hosogane
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Japan
| | - Kenya Nojiri
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Isehara Kyodo Hospital, Isehara, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eijiro Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Funao
- Spine and Spinal Cord Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Isogai
- Spine and Spinal Cord Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Ueda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kawasaki Municipal Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Hikata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Center, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Shiono
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata University Medical and Dental General Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Keiichi Katsumi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata University Medical and Dental General Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukitaka Nagamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetomi Terai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Tamai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsuoka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirosuke Nishimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tagami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shuta Yamada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinji Adachi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sumihisa Orita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeo Furuya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Yoshii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuta Ushio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Inoue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University, School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University, School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Wataru Saito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University, School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kei Ando
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nukaga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Katsuhito Kiyasu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Inoue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakano
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Katsumi Harimaya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Toshio Doi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | | | | | - Hidekazu Oishi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shota Ikegami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | - Masayuki Shimizu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Matsumoto City Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kakutani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Yurube
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masashi Oshima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Aoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Togane, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Iwata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shoji Seki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hideki Murakami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhito Yoshioka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hirooki Endo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Michio Hongo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuya Abe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Ken Ishii
- Spine and Spinal Cord Center, International University of Health and Welfare, Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Reddy HG, Choi JH, Maynes EJ, Carlson LA, Gordon JS, Horan DP, Khan J, Weber MP, Bodzin AS, Morris RJ, Massey HT, Tchantchaleishvili V. Concomitant vs staged orthotopic liver transplant after cardiac surgical procedures. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2019; 33:231-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chou HW, Lin MH, Chen YS, Yu HY. Impact of MELD score and cardiopulmonary bypass duration on post-operative hypoxic hepatitis in patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing open heart surgery. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 119:838-844. [PMID: 31530414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outcome of open-heart surgery for patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) varies widely, indicating multifactorial influences on liver injury after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS This observational single center study evaluated adult LC patients receiving open heart surgery with CPB during 2007 and 2017. The primary endpoint was post-operative hypoxic hepatitis (POHH), defined by post-operative serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase more than 10 times the pre-operative value. RESULTS In total, 61 patients were included in the study, of whom 14 (18.7%) developed POHH. Hospital mortality of non-POHH group (4.3%) was similar to that estimated using Euroscore II (4.0%), but that of the POHH group (21.4%) was 2.7 times as that estimated using Euroscore II (8.0%). Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score and CPB duration were found as independent risk factors for POHH by multivariate logistic regression. POHH incidence was 0.0% if MELD <5 and 80.0% of MELD >20 regardless of CPB duration. For those with MELD between 5 and 20, POHH incidence increases as CPB duration increases. CONCLUSION For LC patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB, the incidence of POHH is highly associated with MELD score and CPB duration. To prevent POHH, the CPB duration should be shortened for those with MELD score between 5 and 20, and CPB be avoid for those with MELD >20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Wen Chou
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan university, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Lin
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu County, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Sharng Chen
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Yu Yu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Oh MS, Sung JM, Yeon HJ, Cho HJ, Ko JS, Kim GS, Lim H. Living-donor liver transplantation following cardiopulmonary bypass: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17230. [PMID: 31567986 PMCID: PMC6756717 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Liver transplantation is an increasingly common treatment for patients with liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver transplantation in patients with heart disease can pose a significant challenge to the transplant teams. PATIENT CONCERNS A 46-year-old woman was diagnosed with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma 3 years ago and had received 3 times transarterial chemoembolization. DIAGNOSES The patient was diagnosed as end-stage liver disease due to hepatocellular carcinoma and was scheduled to undergo living-donor liver transplantation. The preoperative echocardiogram revealed mass in the right atrium and the inferior vena cava. INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent mass removal under cardiopulmonary bypass followed by liver transplantation. OUTCOMES A month later, she was discharged without any complications. LESSONS There have only been a few reported cases of anesthetic liver transplantation after a cardiopulmonary bypass. The successful experience described in this case report suggests that some patients may be eligible to undergo a liver transplantation after a cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Seok Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
| | - Jeong Min Sung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Yeon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Jun Cho
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Justin Sangwook Ko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
| | - Gaab Soo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
| | - Hyunyoung Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Medical Center, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zhou W, Wang G, Liu Y, Tao Y, Du Z, Tang Y, Qiao F, Liu Y, Xu Z. Outcomes and risk factors of postoperative hepatic dysfunction in patients undergoing acute type A aortic dissection surgery. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:3225-3233. [PMID: 31559024 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.08.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Postoperative hepatic dysfunction (HD) increases the morbidity and mortality risk after cardiac surgery; however, only a few studies have specifically focused on acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) surgery. We explored the possible risk factors and outcomes of early postoperative HD in patients with AAAD undergoing surgery. Methods All patients who underwent AAAD surgery at our institution from April 2015 to April 2017 were retrospectively evaluated. Postoperative model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score was used to define HD. Independent risk factors for HD were determined by multivariate logistic analysis. Results Two hundred fifteen patients with AAAD met the inclusion criteria. The incidence rate of early postoperative HD was 60.9%, and the rate of in-hospital mortality was 16.8%. Patients with a high postoperative MELD score had longer mechanical ventilation time, longer durations of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and higher in-hospital mortality. During the postoperative period, patients with AAAD complicated by HD needed continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), reintubation, tracheostomy, and blood transfusion more frequently. Aortic cross clamp (ACC) time [per 10 min higher; odds ratio (OR): 1.216, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.017-1.454, P=0.032], postoperative leucocytes (per 2×109/L higher; OR: 1.161, 95% CI: 1.018-1.324, P=0.026), postoperative respiratory dysfunction (OR: 3.176, 95% CI: 1.293-7.803, P=0.012), and postoperative low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) (OR: 12.663, 95% CI: 1.432-111.998, P=0.022) were independent risk factors associated with HD in patients undergoing AAAD surgery. Conclusions Postoperative HD prolongs mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay, and is associated with increased in-hospital mortality among patients who undergo AAAD surgery. Several factors are associated with a high postoperative MELD score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guokun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yaoyang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yun Tao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhen Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yangfeng Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fan Qiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhiyun Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Futagawa Y, Yanaga K, Kosuge T, Suka M, Isaji S, Hirano S, Murakami Y, Yamamoto M, Yamaue H. Outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with chronic hepatic dysfunction including liver cirrhosis: results of a retrospective multicenter study by the Japanese Society of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2019; 26:310-324. [PMID: 31017730 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuro Futagawa
- Department of Surgery The Jikei University School o f Medicine 3‐25‐8 Nishishimbashi, Minato‐ku Tokyo105‐8461Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Yanaga
- Department of Surgery The Jikei University School o f Medicine 3‐25‐8 Nishishimbashi, Minato‐ku Tokyo105‐8461Japan
| | - Tomoo Kosuge
- Department of Surgery Sangenjaya Daiichi Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Machi Suka
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine The Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Shuji Isaji
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Mie Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine Hokkaido Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Murakami
- Department of Surgery Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Masakazu Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery Institute of Gastroenterology Tokyo Women's Medical University Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine Wakayama Japan
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Hawkins RB, Young BAC, Mehaffey JH, Speir AM, Quader MA, Rich JB, Ailawadi G. Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Score Independently Predicts Mortality in Cardiac Surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 107:1713-1719. [PMID: 30639362 PMCID: PMC6541453 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although liver disease increases surgical risk, it is not considered in The Society for Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk calculator. This study assessed the impact of Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) on outcomes after cardiac surgical procedures and the additional predictive value of MELD in the STS risk model. METHODS Deidentified records of 21,272 patients were extracted from a regional STS database. Inclusion criteria were any cardiac operation with a risk score available (2011-2016). Exclusion criteria included missing MELD (n = 2,895) or preoperative anticoagulation (n = 144). Patients were stratified into three categories, MELD < 9 (low), MELD 9 to 15 (moderate), and MELD > 15 (high). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression assessed risk-adjusted associations between MELD and operative outcomes. RESULTS Increasing MELD scores were associated with greater comorbid disease, mitral operation, prior cardiac operation, and higher STS-predicted risk of mortality (1.1%, 2.3%, and 6.0% by MELD category; p < 0.0001). The operative mortality rate increased with increasing MELD score (1.6%, 3.9%, and 8.4%; p < 0.0001). By logistic regression MELD score was an independent predictor of operative mortality (odds ratio, 1.03 per MELD score point; p < 0.0001) as were the components total bilirubin (odds ratio, 1.22 per mg/dL; p = 0.002) and international normalized ratio (odds ratio, 1.40 per unit; p < 0.0001). Finally, MELD score was independently associated with STS major morbidity and the component complications renal failure and stroke. CONCLUSIONS Increasing MELD score, international normalized ratio, and bilirubin all independently increase risk of operative mortality. Because high rates of missing data currently limit utilization of MELD, efforts to simplify and improve data collection would help improve future risk models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Hawkins
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Bree Ann C Young
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - J Hunter Mehaffey
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Alan M Speir
- INOVA Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - Mohammed A Quader
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jeffrey B Rich
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Gorav Ailawadi
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
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Marullo AG, Biondi-Zoccai G, Giordano A, Frati G. No guts, no glory for aortic stenosis. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2019; 20:245-247. [PMID: 30829878 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Higuchi R, Tobaru T, Hagiya K, Saji M, Mahara K, Takamisawa I, Shimizu J, Iguchi N, Takanashi S, Takayama M, Isobe M. Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients with Cirrhosis. Int Heart J 2019; 60:352-358. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.18-339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mike Saji
- Department of Cardiology, Sakakibara Heart Institute
| | | | | | - Jun Shimizu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sakakibara Heart Institute
| | - Nobuo Iguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Sakakibara Heart Institute
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Northup PG, Friedman LS, Kamath PS. AGA Clinical Practice Update on Surgical Risk Assessment and Perioperative Management in Cirrhosis: Expert Review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 17:595-606. [PMID: 30273751 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Northup
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
| | - Lawrence S Friedman
- Departments of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Tufts University School of Medicine, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Rochester, Minnesota; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Patrick S Kamath
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota
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Goel NJ, Agarwal P, Mallela AN, Abdullah KG, Ali ZS, Ozturk AK, Malhotra NR, Schuster JM, Chen HI. Liver disease is an independent predictor of poor 30-day outcomes following surgery for degenerative disease of the cervical spine. Spine J 2019; 19:448-460. [PMID: 30053522 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT The impact of underlying liver disease on surgical outcomes has been recognized in a wide variety of surgical disciplines. However, less empiric data are available about the importance of liver disease in spinal surgery. PURPOSE To measure the independent impact of underlying liver disease on 30-day outcomes following surgery for the degenerative cervical spine. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective comparative study. PATIENT SAMPLE A cohort of 21,207 patients undergoing elective surgery for degenerative disease of the cervical spine from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. OUTCOME MEASURES Outcome measures included mortality, hospital length of stay, and postoperative complications within 30 days of surgery. METHODS The NSQIP dataset was queried for patients undergoing surgery for degenerative disease of the cervical spine from 2006 to 2015. Assessment of underlying liver disease was based on aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index and Model of End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium scores, computed from preoperative laboratory data. The effect of liver disease on outcomes was assessed by bivariate and multivariate analyses, in comparison with 16 other preoperative and operative factors. RESULTS Liver disease could be assessed in 21,207 patients based on preoperative laboratory values. Mild liver disease was identified in 2.2% of patients, and advanced liver disease was identified in 1.6% of patients. The 30-day mortality rates were 1.7% and 5.1% in mild and advanced liver diseases, respectively, compared with 0.6% in patients with healthy livers. The 30-day complication rates were 11.8% and 31.5% in these patients, respectively, compared with 8.8% in patients with healthy livers. In multivariate analysis, the presence of any liver disease (mild or advanced) was independently associated with an increased risk of mortality (OR=2.00, 95% CI=1.12-3.55, p=.019), morbidity (OR=1.35, 95% CI=1.07-1.70, p=.012), and length of hospital stay longer than 7 days (OR=1.73, 95% CI=1.40-2.13, p<.001), when compared with 18 other preoperative and operative factors. Liver disease was also independently associated with perioperative respiratory failure (OR=1.80, 95% CI=1.21-2.68, p=.004), bleeding requiring transfusion (OR=1.43, 95% CI=1.01-2.02, p=.044), wound disruption (OR=2.82, 95% CI=1.04-7.66, p=.042), and unplanned reoperation (OR=1.49, 95% CI=1.05-2.11, p=.025). CONCLUSIONS Liver disease independently predicts poor perioperative outcome following surgery for degenerative disease of the cervical spine. Based on these findings, careful consideration of a patient's underlying liver function before surgery may prove valuable in surgical decision-making, preoperative patient counseling, and postoperative patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Goel
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Prateek Agarwal
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Arka N Mallela
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kalil G Abdullah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zarina S Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ali K Ozturk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Neil R Malhotra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James M Schuster
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - H Isaac Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Gologorsky E, Tabar KR, Krupa K, Bailey S, Elapavaluru S, Uemura T, Machado L, Dishart M, Thai N. Emergency Aortic Valve Replacement Combined with Liver and Kidney Transplantation: Case Report and Literature Review. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019; 33:2763-2769. [PMID: 30638923 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ngoc Thai
- Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
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Singh V, Savani GT, Mendirichaga R, Jonnalagadda AK, Cohen MG, Palacios IF. Frequency of Complications Including Death from Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients With Hepatic Cirrhosis. Am J Cardiol 2018; 122:1853-1861. [PMID: 30293650 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Advanced liver disease is a risk factor for cardiac surgery. However, liver dysfunction is not included in cardiac risk assessment models. We sought to identify trends in utilization, complications, and outcomes of patients with cirrhosis who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Using the National Inpatient Sample database, we identified patients with cirrhosis who underwent CABG from 2002 to 2014. Propensity-score matching was used to identify differences in in-hospital mortality and postoperative complications in cirrhosis and noncirrhosis patients. We identified a total of 698,799 CABG admissions of which 2,231 (0.3%) had cirrhosis (mean age 63.6 ± 9.6 years, 74% men, 63% white, mean Charlson co-morbidity index 3.3 ± 1.8). Cardiopulmonary bypass was used in 71% of patients. Mean length of stay was 13.7 ± 11.4 days and hospitalization cost $67,744.6 ± 58,320.4. One or more complications occurred in 44% of cases. After propensity-score matching, patients with cirrhosis had a higher rate of complications (43.9% vs 38.93%; p < 0.001) and in-hospital mortality (7.2% vs 4.07%; p < 0.001) than noncirrhosis patients. On multivariate analysis, cirrhosis and ascites were associated with increased in-hospital mortality (odds ratio 2.87; 95% confidence intervals 2.37 to 3.48) and postoperative complications (odds ratio 5.11; 95% confidence intervals 3.88 to 6.72). In conclusion, patients with cirrhosis constitute a small portion of patients who underwent CABG in the United States but have a higher rate of complications and in-hospital mortality compared with noncirrhosis patients. In-hospital mortality remains high for this subset of patients but has decreased in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Singh
- Division of Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.
| | - Ghanshyambhai T Savani
- Department of Medicine, Baystate Medical Center, University of Massachusetts, Springfield, Massachusetts
| | - Rodrigo Mendirichaga
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anil K Jonnalagadda
- Department of Medicine, Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Mauricio G Cohen
- Cardiovascular Division, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Massachusetts
| | - Igor F Palacios
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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The Effect of Underlying Liver Disease on Perioperative Outcomes Following Craniotomy for Tumor: An American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program Analysis. World Neurosurg 2018; 115:e85-e96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Herborn J, Lewis C, De Wolf A. Liver Transplantation: Perioperative Care and Update on Intraoperative Management. CURRENT ANESTHESIOLOGY REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40140-018-0270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gitman M, Albertz M, Nicolau-Raducu R, Aniskevich S, Pai SL. Cardiac diseases among liver transplant candidates. Clin Transplant 2018; 32:e13296. [PMID: 29804298 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Improvements in early survival after liver transplant (LT) have allowed for the selection of LT candidates with multiple comorbidities. Cardiovascular disease is a major contributor to post-LT complications. We performed a literature search to identify the causes of cardiac disease in the LT population and to describe techniques for diagnosis and perioperative management. As no definite guidelines for preoperative assessment (except for pulmonary heart disease) are currently available, we recommend an algorithm for preoperative cardiac work-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gitman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Megan Albertz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Stephen Aniskevich
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sher-Lu Pai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Tirado-Conte G, Rodés-Cabau J, Rodríguez-Olivares R, Barbanti M, Lhermusier T, Amat-Santos I, Toggweiler S, Cheema AN, Muñoz-García AJ, Serra V, Giordana F, Veiga G, Jiménez-Quevedo P, Campelo-Parada F, Loretz L, Todaro D, del Trigo M, Hernández-García JM, García del Blanco B, Bruno F, de la Torre Hernández JM, Stella P, Tamburino C, Macaya C, Nombela-Franco L. Clinical Outcomes and Prognosis Markers of Patients With Liver Disease Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2018; 11:e005727. [DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.117.005727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background—
Chronic liver disease is a known risk factor for perioperative morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Very little data exist about such patients treated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Our objective was to evaluate early and late clinical outcomes in a large cohort of patients with liver disease undergoing TAVR and to determine predictive factors of mortality among these patients.
Methods and Results—
This multicenter study collected data from 114 patients with chronic liver disease who underwent TAVR in 12 institutions. Perioperative and long-term outcomes were compared with a cohort of 1118 patients without liver disease after a propensity score–matching analysis (114 matched pairs). In-hospital mortality and vascular and bleeding complications were similar between matched groups. Acute kidney injury was more common in liver disease group (30.8% versus 13.5%;
P
=0.010). Although cardiovascular mortality was similar between groups (9.4% versus 6.5%;
P
=0.433) at 2-year follow-up, noncardiac mortality was higher in the liver group (26.4% versus 14.8%;
P
=0.034). Lower glomerular filtration rate (hazard ratio, 1.10, for each decrease of 5 mL/min in estimated glomerular filtration rate; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.17;
P
=0.005) and Child-Pugh class B or C (hazard ratio, 3.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.47–6.56;
P
=0.003) were the predictors of mortality in patients with chronic liver disease, with a mortality rate of 83.2% at 2-year follow-up in patients with both factors (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min and Child-Pugh B or C).
Conclusions—
These findings suggested that TAVR is a feasible treatment for severe aortic stenosis in patients with early-stage liver disease or as bridge therapy before a curative treatment of the hepatic condition. Patients with Child-Pugh class B-C, especially in combination with renal impairment, had a very low survival rate, and TAVR should be carefully considered to avoid a futile treatment. These results may contribute to improve the clinical decision-making process and management in patients with liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Tirado-Conte
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Josep Rodés-Cabau
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Ramón Rodríguez-Olivares
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Marco Barbanti
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Thibault Lhermusier
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Ignacio Amat-Santos
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Stefan Toggweiler
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Asim N. Cheema
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Antonio J. Muñoz-García
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Vicenc Serra
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Francesca Giordana
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Gabriela Veiga
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Pilar Jiménez-Quevedo
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Francisco Campelo-Parada
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Lucca Loretz
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Denise Todaro
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - María del Trigo
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - José M. Hernández-García
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Bruno García del Blanco
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Francesco Bruno
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - José M. de la Torre Hernández
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Pieter Stella
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Corrado Tamburino
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Carlos Macaya
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
| | - Luis Nombela-Franco
- From the Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos and Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain (G.T.-C., P.J.-Q., M.d.T., C.M., L.N.-F.); Department of Cardiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (J.R.-C., F.C.-P., M.d.T.); Department of Cardiology, Utrecht Medisch Centrum, the Netherlands (R.R.-O., P.S.); Department of Cardiology, Ferrarotto Hospital, University of Catania, Italy (M.B., D.T., C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Rangueil
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Impact of Liver Indicators on Clinical Outcome in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Ann Thorac Surg 2017; 104:1357-1364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Outcomes of Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Implantation for Aortic Stenosis in Patients With Hepatic Cirrhosis. Am J Cardiol 2017; 120:1193-1197. [PMID: 28803656 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Current risk prediction tools for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) do not include variables associated with clinically significant hepatic disease. Accordingly, outcome data of TAVI or SAVR in patients with liver cirrhosis are limited. We sought to assess contemporary trends and outcomes of TAVI and SAVR in patients with liver cirrhosis using a national database. The Nationwide Inpatient Sample was used to identify patients with liver cirrhosis who underwent TAVI or SAVR between 2003 and 2014. Outcomes of propensity-matched groups of patients undergoing TAVI or SAVR were assessed. The reported number of TAVI and SAVR procedures in patients with liver cirrhosis increased from 376 cases in 2003 to 1,095 cases in 2014. A total of 1,766 patients with liver cirrhosis who underwent TAVI (n = 174) or SAVR (n = 1,592) were included in the analysis. In-hospital mortality was higher in patients who underwent SAVR versus TAVI (20.2% vs 8%, p <0.001). Major adverse events were also more frequent after SAVR. Propensity matching attained 2 groups of 268 patients who underwent TAVI (n = 134) or SAVR (n = 134). Following propensity matching, in-hospital mortality remained higher in the SAVR group (18.7% vs 8.2%, p = 0.018), but major adverse events were not different between the 2 groups. Hospital length of stay was longer, and nonhome disposition rates were higher in the SAVR group. In conclusion, the number of reported TAVI and SAVR in patients with liver cirrhosis and aortic stenosis increased 3-folds between 2003 and 2014. In these patients, TAVI was associated with lower in-hospital mortality when compared with SAVR.
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