Risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes in Bengaluru: A retrospective study

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of outpatient department patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus included in the retrospective analysis

Characteristics	n (%)
Total patients	519
Male	289 (55.68)
Female	229 (44.12)
Transgender	1 (0.19)
Average age (yr)	53.28
Ethnicity	Indian

Table 2 Proportion of patients based on physical activity: Sub grouped based on body mass index

Groups	Age range (Y)	Sedentary (%)	Obese/OW (%)	Strenuous (%)	Obese/OW (%)	Sedentary vs strenuous P
Group 1	≤ 40	68.00	75	31.90	84.61	< 0.0001
Group 2	41-50	75.60	80.64	24.39	87.50	< 0.0001
Group 3	51-60	77.35	78.04	22.64	91.66	< 0.0001
Group 4	61-70	87.50	100	12.50	100.00	< 0.0001
Group 5	> 70	83.33	50	16.66	50.00	< 0.0001

OW: Overweight.

Table 3 Distribution of patients according to age of onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Age at onset of diabetes (yr)		%	P value
Group 1	≤ 40	32.30	0.0001 Group 1 vs 3 < 0.0001 Group 1 vs 4 < 0.0001 Group 1 vs 5
Group 2	41-50	34.04	< 0.0001 Group 2 vs 3 < 0.0001 Group 2 vs 4 < 0.0001 Group 2 vs 5
Group 3	51-60	21.27
Group 4	61-70	12.18
Group 5	> 70	0.21

Table 4 Age at new onset (< 3 mo) of diabetes (years)

Age at new onset (< 3 mo) of diabetes (yr)		n (%)
Total new T2DM diagnosis		97
Group 1	≤ 40	32 (32.98)
Group 2	41-50	27 (27.83)
Group 3	51-60	25 (25.77)
Group 4	61-70	7 (7.21)
Group 5	> 70	6 (6.18)

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Table 5 Association of family history and age of young onset diabetes

Parameter	FH+	FH-	P value
FH n (%)	308 (59.34)	211 (40.65)	< 0.0001
Age of onset ≤ 40 yr (%)	39.93	20.85	< 0.0001

FH+: Positive family history; FH-: No family history.

Table 6 Association of Family history, consanguinity and young onset diabetes

Risk factor	Non obese T2DM patients (%)		P value
FH+	80	20	P < 0.0001
CG+	51.42	48.57	NS

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; FH+: Positive family history; CG+: First-degree cousins.

Table 7 Association of consanguinity and young onset diabetes

Age group	T2DM patients (%)	T2DM obese patients (%)
≤ 40 yr	34.50	21.83	P = 0.0178
51-60 yr	17.60	14.78	NS
	P = 0.0012	NS

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; NS: Not siginificant.