Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Apr 15, 2019; 10(4): 241-248
Published online Apr 15, 2019. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v10.i4.241
Risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes in Bengaluru: A retrospective study
Jagadeesha Aravinda
Jagadeesha Aravinda, Dr. Aravind’s Diabetes Centre, Bangalore 560079, Karnataka, India
Author contributions: Aravinda J solely contributed to this paper.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Dr. Aravind’s Diabetes Centre.
Informed consent statement: Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because the analysis used anonymous clinical data that were obtained.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Author declares no conflicts-of-interest related to this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Jagadeesha Aravinda, FRCP, MD, Chief Doctor, Dr. Aravind’s Diabetes Centre, Basaveshwara Nagar, Behind Total Gas Bunk, Near Pavithra Paradise, Bangalore 560079, Karnataka, India. arvi03@yahoo.com
Telephone: +91-80-9916922303
Received: February 18, 2019
Peer-review started: February 20, 2019
First decision: February 26, 2019
Revised: March 19, 2019
Accepted: March 26, 2019
Article in press: March 26, 2019
Published online: April 15, 2019
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Risk factors such as hereditary, ecological, and metabolic are interrelated and contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Family history (FH) of diabetes mellitus, age, obesity, and physical inactivity are some of the risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes.

AIM

To study various aetiological determinants and risk factors for type 2 diabetes in Bangalore, India. This retrospective study examined questionnaire from patients attending the Diabetes Clinic.

METHODS

Data on various parameters were obtained through a questionnaire from 533 patients on the first visit to the diabetes clinic. Data regarding various aetiological determinants and risk factors viz.: Genetic risk factor and few modifiable risk factors were collected. Chi-squared test was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS

A higher incidence of type 2 diabetes in males and younger population was observed in Bangalore, India. Obesity and FH were significant risk factors for not only type 2 diabetes but also early onset of diabetes. In addition, maternal history of type 2 diabetes and consanguinity increased incidence of early onset type 2 diabetes.

CONCLUSION

Risk factors such as obesity and FH (maternal history of type 2 diabetes) and consanguinity may play an important role in screening of family members of type 2 diabetes patients which may lead to early intervention and reduced risk of subsequent complications. Moreover, susceptible population can be counselled for the management of the type 2 diabetes including periodic investigation of blood glucose levels and lifestyle changes.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetess mellitus, Young onset diabetes, Family history, Consanguinity, Diabetes risk factors, Obesity

Core tip: Obesity, family history, maternal history of type 2 diabetes, and consanguinity play an important role in increasing incidence of early onset type 2 diabetes and should be used as parameters in screening of patients for type 2 diabetes. This may aid in initiating early life style changes to delay the onset of disease and/or reduce its severity. It may also lead to early diagnosis in high risk patients.