Exposure to proton pump inhibitors and risk of diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Figure 1 Flow diagram of the literature search.

Figure 2 Forest plots. A: Forest plot of the association between proton pump inhibitor use and diabetes risk; B: Forest plot of the association between proton pump inhibitor use and diabetes risk according to sex; C: Forest plot of the association between proton pump inhibitor use and diabetes risk according to geographic location; D: Forest plot of the association between proton pump inhibitor use and diabetes risk according to study design. CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio.

Figure 3 Plots. A: Plot of sensitivity analysis by excluding one study each time and pooling estimate for the remaining studies; B: Plot of Begg’s test; C: Plot of Egger’s test. CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio.