Diabetic foot ulcers: A devastating complication of diabetes mellitus continues non-stop in spite of new medical treatment modalities

Figure 1 Ethiopathogenesis of diabetic foot leading to vascular complications.

Figure 2 Monofilament test is a diagnostic tool to detect diabetic peripheral neuropathy. When the nylon line bends, the force is 10 grams. It is used for diabetic foot contact and stress testing.

Figure 3 Callus formation as a presentation of diabetic neuropathy.

Figure 4 Charcot neuroarthropathy is a chronic devastating and destructive disease of bone structure and joint in patients with neuropathy. A and B: Rocker-bottom foot deformity to charcot process.

Figure 5 Radiographic findings. A and B: Radiographic findings of charcot neuroarthropathy.

Figure 6 Negative pressure wound therapy is considered as a better alternative therapy for the management of diabetic foot ulcer. A-E: This patient was treated with negative pressure wound therapy therapy after surgical therapy.

Figure 7 Epidermal growth factor is perhaps the most widely used method in diabetic foot. A-D: Intralesional epidermal growth factor therapy into the wound bottom and contours encourages granulation tissue growth and wound closure; E-H: Before and after intralesional epidermal growth factor therapy.