Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2018. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Jan 15, 2018; 9(1): 33-39
Published online Jan 15, 2018. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v9.i1.33
Heart rate is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes: The diabetes heart study
Sameer Prasada, Cameron Oswalt, Phyllis Yeboah, Georgia Saylor, Donald Bowden, Joseph Yeboah
Sameer Prasada, Cameron Oswalt, Department of Medical School (Medical students), Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States
Phyllis Yeboah, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States
Georgia Saylor, Joseph Yeboah, Department of Heart and Vascular Center of Excellence, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States
Donald Bowden, Department of Biochemistry, Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States
Author contributions: Bowden D enrolled subjects and collected data for the Diabetes Heart Study; Prasada S and Yeboah J designed the study and performed statistical analysis using Statistical Analysis System JMP; Prasada S and Oswalt C wrote the manuscript; Yeboah P and Yeboah J helped write and edit the manuscript; all authors contributed to this article.
Institutional review board statement: The Diabetes Heart Study was approved by the Wake Forest University Institutional Review Board.
Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment in the Diabetes Heart Study (DHS).
Conflict-of-interest statement: No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Joseph Yeboah, MD, MS, Department of Heart and Vascular Center of Excellence, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Medical Center Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157, United States. jyeboah@wakehealth.edu
Telephone: +1-336-7167015 Fax: +1-336-7169188
Received: May 4, 2017
Peer-review started: May 5, 2017
First decision: July 20, 2017
Revised: July 25, 2017
Accepted: November 25, 2017
Article in press: November 25, 2017
Published online: January 15, 2018
Processing time: 251 Days and 3.4 Hours
Core Tip

Core tip: Persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher rate of morbidity and mortality compared with those without diabetes. Prevention is the best way of reducing the risk in this population. Unlike the general population, the predictive value of resting heart rate for mortality in persons with T2DM is not well established. We used baseline data and a median of 8.5 years of follow up from the Diabetes Heart Study to show that resting heart rate is an independent predictor of mortality in individuals with T2DM. Our data suggests that efforts that reduce heart rate in T2DM may be useful.