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©The Author(s) 2018. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Cardiac autonomic neuropathy: Risk factors, diagnosis and treatment
Victoria A Serhiyenko, Alexandr A Serhiyenko, Department of Endocrinology, Lviv National Medical University Named by Danylo Halitsky, Lviv 79010, Ukraine
Author contributions: Serhiyenko VA and Serhiyenko AA contributed equally to this work, they have conceptualized, designed, performed and wrote the review.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Victoria A Serhiyenko, MD, PhD, Department of Endocrinology, Lviv National Medical University Named by Danylo Halitsky, Pekarska 69 Str., Lviv 79010, Ukraine. serhiyenko@inbox.ru
Telephone: +380-322-769496 Fax: +380-322-769496
Received: October 28, 2017
Peer-review started: October 29, 2017
First decision: November 23, 2017
Revised: December 9, 2017
Accepted: December 29, 2017
Article in press: December 29, 2017
Published online: January 15, 2018
Processing time: 73 Days and 12.1 Hours
Peer-review started: October 29, 2017
First decision: November 23, 2017
Revised: December 9, 2017
Accepted: December 29, 2017
Article in press: December 29, 2017
Published online: January 15, 2018
Processing time: 73 Days and 12.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus, which is strongly associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Although it is common complication, the significance of CAN has not been fully appreciated and there are no unified treatment algorithms for today. In this review we have analyzed the existing data about the known risk factors, screening and diagnostic algorithm, staging of CAN and possible treatment, including effectiveness of lifestyle modification, intensive glycemic control; treatment of diabetic dyslipidemia; antioxidants; vitamins; correction of vascular endothelial dysfunction; prevention and treatment of thrombosis; treatment of orthostatic hypotension.