Case Control Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. May 15, 2025; 16(5): 102094
Published online May 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i5.102094
Impact of diabetes duration and hyperglycemia on the progression of diabetic kidney disease: Insights from the KNHANES 2019-2021
Chang Seong Kim, Sang Heon Suh, Hong Sang Choi, Eun Hui Bae, Seong Kwon Ma, Bongseong Kim, Kyung-Do Han, Soo Wan Kim
Chang Seong Kim, Sang Heon Suh, Hong Sang Choi, Eun Hui Bae, Seong Kwon Ma, Soo Wan Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
Chang Seong Kim, Sang Heon Suh, Hong Sang Choi, Eun Hui Bae, Seong Kwon Ma, Soo Wan Kim, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
Bongseong Kim, Kyung-Do Han, Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea
Co-corresponding authors: Kyung-Do Han and Soo Wan Kim.
Author contributions: Han KD and Kim SW contribute equally to this study as co-corresponding authors; Kim CS, Han KD and Kim SW conceived and designed the study; Kim CS and Kim BS participated in drafting the manuscript and provided revision and final editing; all authors analyzed the data, and reviewed the manuscript; all authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted the manuscript.
Supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea, No. RS-2023-00217317.
Institutional review board statement: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chonnam National University Hospital (CNUH-EXP-2024-205).
Informed consent statement: The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the review board due to using anonymous and de-identified information. The institutional review board of the Korean Centers for Disease Control approved the KNHANES.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: The data underlying this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Soo Wan Kim, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jebongro 42, Gwangju 61469, South Korea. skimw@chonnam.ac.kr
Received: October 9, 2024
Revised: February 20, 2025
Accepted: March 14, 2025
Published online: May 15, 2025
Processing time: 198 Days and 21.3 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: This study reveals that approximately 25% of Korean adults with diabetes have diabetic kidney disease (DKD), with a significantly higher risk in patients with a diabetes duration of more than 10 years or a hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) level above 8%. Albuminuria, an early marker of DKD, developed with shorter diabetes duration and lower HbA1c than the decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate. These findings highlight the need for vigilant kidney function monitoring in patients with long-standing diabetes or poor glycemic control.