Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Feb 15, 2024; 15(2): 209-219
Published online Feb 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i2.209
Vitamin D, selenium, and antidiabetic drugs in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Fen Feng, Bin Zhou, Ci-La Zhou, Ping Huang, Gang Wang, Kuang Yao
Fen Feng, School of Pharmacy, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422099, Hunan Province, China
Bin Zhou, Ci-La Zhou, Ping Huang, Gang Wang, Kuang Yao, Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang 422099, Hunan Province, China
Author contributions: Feng F and Zhou B jointly researched, wrote, and revised the paper; Zhou CL, Huang P, Wang G, and Yao K participated in the analysis and provided clinical advice.
Supported by Science and Technology Plan Project of Shaoyang City, No. 2022GX4139.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of The Central Hospital of Shaoyang.
Informed consent statement: All study participants or their legal guardian provided informed written consent about personal and medical data collection prior to study enrolment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: We have no financial relationships to disclose.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Bin Zhou, MM, Chief Physician, Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, No. 36 Qianyuan Lane, Hongqi Road, Daxiang District, Shaoyang 422099, Hunan Province, China. zhoubin790921@163.com
Received: November 22, 2023
Peer-review started: November 22, 2023
First decision: December 8, 2023
Revised: December 16, 2023
Accepted: January 16, 2024
Article in press: January 16, 2024
Published online: February 15, 2024
Processing time: 74 Days and 1.8 Hours
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research background

The pathogeneses of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) mainly involve insulin resistance, immune factors, infection, genetics, leptin, oxidative stress, molecular cytology, and other related fields; however, there is currently no clear consensus on the pathogenesis of the co-occurrence of these conditions. Symptomatic treatment for these two diseases, including hypoglycemic drugs and improvement in function, is generally performed clinically. Selenium yeast and active vitamin D can reduce thyroid-related antibody levels in T2DM and HT and improve thyroid function. Hypoglycemia drugs can reduce blood sugar levels in patients and promote blood sugar stability.

Research motivation

T2DM combined with HT may cause significant damage to the body. Currently, vitamin D amaryl, and selenium yeast are used in combination and applied to research in patients with T2DM combined HT rarely reported.

Research objectives

This article explored the therapeutic effect of vitamin D + selenium + hypoglycemic agents in patients with T2DM and HT and explored the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25 (OH) D3] level and relations with related indicators.

Research methods

The control group was administered low-iodine diet guidance and hypoglycemic drug treatment. Test group A was additionally administered vitamin D treatment, while test group B was administered selenium yeast treatment in addition to the treatment in test group A. All three groups were treated for 6 months.

Research results

The improvement ranges of 25 (OH) D3 level, thyroid function index level, autoantibody, blood glucose, and blood lipid levels in test groups A and B were better than those in the control group, and the improvement of test group B was better.

Research conclusions

The combination of vitamin D, selenium, and oral hypoglycemic agents in the treatment of patients with T2DM and HT had a significant clinical effect and effectively improved thyroid function and autoantibody and blood glucose and blood lipid levels, increased 25 (OH) D3 levels, and decreased free T4 and thyroid globulin antibody levels in these patients.

Research perspectives

The combination of vitamin D, selenium, and oral hypoglycemic agents for treating patients with T2DM and HT has obvious therapeutic effects and is worthy of clinical application.