Retrospective Cohort Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Jul 15, 2022; 13(7): 521-531
Published online Jul 15, 2022. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i7.521
Association between urinary concentrations of bisphenol A substitutes and diabetes in adults
Rafael Moreno-Gómez-Toledano, Esperanza Vélez-Vélez, María I Arenas, Marta Saura, Ricardo J Bosch
Rafael Moreno-Gómez-Toledano, Marta Saura, Ricardo J Bosch, Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Biological Systems/Physiology Unit, Alcalá de Henares 28871, Spain
Esperanza Vélez-Vélez, Fundación Jiménez Díaz School of Nursing, Jiménez Díaz Foundation, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
María I Arenas, Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology,Alcalá de Henares 28871, Spain
Marta Saura, Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid 28034, Spain
Author contributions: Moreno-Gómez-Toledano R contributed to the conceptualization and writing of original draft; Moreno-Gómez-Toledano R, Vélez-Vélez E, Arenas MI, Saura M, and Bosch RJ contributed to the data curation, and manuscript writing, review, and editing; Moreno-Gómez-Toledano R and Vélez-Vélez E contributed to the formal analysis and methodology; Saura M and Bosch RJ contributed to the funding acquisition and project administration; Moreno-Gómez-Toledano R, Vélez-Vélez E, Arenas MI, Saura M, and Bosch RJ contributed to the investigation; all authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, No. PI15/02139; and Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, No. B2017-BMD-3686.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved for publication by our Institutional Reviewer.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Rafael Moreno-Gómez-Toledano, PhD, Associate Research Scientist, Universidad de Alcalá, Department of Biological Systems/Physiology Unit, Campus Univer-sitario - C/19, Av. de Madrid, Alcalá de Henares 28871, Spain. rafael.moreno@uah.es
Received: March 11, 2022
Peer-review started: March 11, 2022
First decision: April 17, 2022
Revised: April 26, 2022
Accepted: June 22, 2022
Article in press: June 22, 2022
Published online: July 15, 2022
Processing time: 121 Days and 12.7 Hours
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research background

New restrictions on the use of bisphenol A (BPA) have conditioned the use of new derivative compounds by the plastics industry. The small amount of evidence for its possible effects on human health shows its need, especially in diseases such as diabetes, whose incidence has increased substantially in recent years.

Research motivation

The study of the urinary excretion of the new bisphenols and their possible relationship with human health is of particular importance. The present work aimed to provide new evidence that supports the need for restriction in using new molecules derived from BPA.

Research objectives

The work's objective was to analyze the relationship between urinary bisphenols and diabetes in one of the largest global cohorts, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The possible results could support the need to explore the signaling pathways involved in the pancreatic pathophysiology potentially induced by this class of molecules.

Research methods

By applying descriptive statistics, simple linear regressions, and logistic regression models, this study aimed to analyze the data from the NHANES cohort in a novel way in a context that has been little studied in the academic literature.

Research results

After using all the tools and statistical models, the results have consistently pointed to bisphenol S as a risk factor for diabetes, excluding bisphenol F. On the other hand, the relationships observed with hypertension and dyslipidemia maintain the need to evaluate both molecules in the human health context.

Research conclusions

In a novel way in the NHANES cohort, the present study has shown that exposure to new bisphenols is directly related to diabetes.

Research perspectives

Future research should explore the causal relationship through longitudinal studies and evaluate the potential deleterious effects on other pathologies, such as kidney disease.