Akirov A, Pinhas-Hamiel O. Co-occurrence of type 1 diabetes mellitus and celiac disease. World J Diabetes 2015; 6(5): 707-714 [PMID: 26069719 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i5.707]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Amit Akirov, MD, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, 1 Kaplan Street, Petach-Tikva 49100, Israel. amit.akirov@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Diabetes. Jun 10, 2015; 6(5): 707-714 Published online Jun 10, 2015. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i5.707
Co-occurrence of type 1 diabetes mellitus and celiac disease
Amit Akirov, Orit Pinhas-Hamiel
Amit Akirov, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tikva 49100, Israel
Amit Akirov, Orit Pinhas-Hamiel, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
Orit Pinhas-Hamiel, Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan 52621, Israel
Author contributions: Akirov A reviewed the literature and drafted the manuscript; Pinhas-Hamiel O helped with the review of the literature and the retrieval of the data from the articles and helped draft the paper; all authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest: The authors report no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Amit Akirov, MD, Beilinson Campus, Rabin Medical Center, 1 Kaplan Street, Petach-Tikva 49100, Israel. amit.akirov@gmail.com
Telephone: +972-3-524650760 Fax: +972-3-9221605
Received: August 28, 2014 Peer-review started: August 30, 2014 First decision: December 17, 2014 Revised: December 30, 2014 Accepted: March 16, 2015 Article in press: March 18, 2015 Published online: June 10, 2015 Processing time: 295 Days and 15.6 Hours
Abstract
The co-occurrence of celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes (T1DM) has been reported as 5-7 times more prevalent than CD alone. The clinical presentation and natural history of CD in patients with T1DM may vary considerably. Less than 10% of patients with T1DM and CD show gastrointestinal symptoms. Therefore, experts support screening for CD in T1DM patients, though there is no consensus as to the recommended frequency of screening. When stratified by time since CD diagnosis, longer follow-up and coexistence of CD are associated with significant increased risk of diabetic associated morbidity and mortality. Early CD diagnosis and treatment with a gluten-free diet are essential.
Core tip: Increased prevalence rates of celiac disease (CD) are described among individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Specifically celiac disease is more prevalent in females with T1DM. Less than 10% of patients with T1DM and CD show gastrointestinal symptoms therefore screening is necessary. The significant increase of diabetic associated morbidity and mortality, emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of CD and appropriate treatment with gluten-free diet.
