Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2015. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Dec 10, 2015; 6(17): 1337-1344
Published online Dec 10, 2015. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i17.1337
Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Colombian population: A longitudinal observational study
Diego Gomez-Arbelaez, Laura Alvarado-Jurado, Miguel Ayala-Castillo, Leonardo Forero-Naranjo, Paul Anthony Camacho, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
Diego Gomez-Arbelaez, Laura Alvarado-Jurado, Leonardo Forero-Naranjo, Paul Anthony Camacho, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Dirección de Investigaciones, Clínica de Síndrome Metabólico, Prediabetes y Diabetes, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL, Floridablanca 681004, Colombia
Diego Gomez-Arbelaez, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Instituto de Investigaciones MASIRA, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santander - UDES, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia
Diego Gomez-Arbelaez, División de Endocrinología, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Miguel Ayala-Castillo, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia
Author contributions: Gomez-Arbelaez D, Camacho PA and Lopez-Jaramillo P conceived and designed the study; Alvarado-Jurado L, Ayala-Castillo M and Forero-Naranjo L contributed to data acquisition; Gomez-Arbelaez D and Camacho PA analyzed the data; Gomez-Arbelaez D and Lopez-Jaramillo P wrote the paper; Gomez-Arbelaez D, Alvarado-Jurado L, Ayala-Castillo M, Forero-Naranjo L, Camacho PA and Lopez-Jaramillo P contributed to editing, reviewing and final approval of article.
Supported by The Ophthalmological Foundation of Santander - FOSCAL.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Ophthalmological Foundation of Santander - FOSCAL Institutional Review Board.
Informed consent statement: The study protocol was in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the health research ethics board of the Ophthalmological Foundation of Santander - FOSCAL approved all study procedures. The subjects expressed their interest in participating in the study before they were included. As there were no interventions directly related to the study written informed consent was not required.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, MD, PhD, FACP, Director de Investigaciones, Dirección de Investigaciones, Clínica de Síndrome Metabólico, Prediabetes y Diabetes, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL, Calle 155A N. 23-09, Torre Milton Salazar, Primer piso, El Bosque, Floridablanca 681004, Santander, Colombia. jplopezj@gmail.com
Telephone: +57-7-6386000 Fax: +57-7-6388108
Received: July 19, 2015
Peer-review started: July 24, 2015
First decision: August 16, 2015
Revised: October 30, 2015
Accepted: November 17, 2015
Article in press: November 25, 2015
Published online: December 10, 2015
Processing time: 141 Days and 22 Hours
Abstract

AIM: To assess the performance of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) questionnaire for detecting and predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in a Colombian population.

METHODS: This is a longitudinal observational study conducted in Floridablanca, Colombia. Adult subjects (age ≥ 35 years) without known diabetes, were included. A modified version of FINDRISC was completed, and the glycemia values from all the subjects were collected from the hospital’s database. Firstly, a cross-sectional analysis was performed and then, the subsample of prediabetic participants was followed for diabetes incidence.

RESULTS: A total of 772 subjects were suitable for the study. The overall prevalence of undiagnosed DM2 was 2.59%, and the incidence of DM2 among the prediabetic participants was 7.5 per 100 person-years after a total of 265257 person-years follow-up. The FINDRISC at baseline was significantly associated with undiagnosed and incident DM2. The area under receiver operating characteristics curve of the FINDRISC score for detecting undiagnosed DM2 in both men and women was 0.7477 and 0.7175, respectively; and for predicting the incidence of DM2 among prediabetics was 71.99% in men and 67.74% in women.

CONCLUSION: The FINDRISC questionnaire is a useful screening tool to identify cross-sectionally unknown DM2 and to predict the incidence of DM2 among prediabetics in the Colombian population.

Keywords: Finnish diabetes risk score; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Prediabetes; Screening; Colombia

Core tip: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is rapidly increasing worldwide, and unfortunately its diagnosis is being made when vascular complications are already exhibited. Since laboratory-based diagnostic methods are costly, the International Diabetes Federation suggests to do an early detection of undiagnosed DM2 patients, and to identify individuals at risk for developing DM2 by simple risk-scoring questionnaires. The present study assesses the performance of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score questionnaire in a Colombian population, and aims to establish the specific cutoff values for detecting subjects at increased risk of undiagnosed DM2 and for predicting the incidence of DM2 in prediabetic individuals.