Liu J, Zhang N, Liu T. Predicting hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Insights from a nomogram model. World J Diabetes 2025; 16(7): 107501 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.107501]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Tong Liu, MD, PhD, Professor, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China. liutongdoc@126.com
Research Domain of This Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Article-Type of This Article
Editorial
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Diabetes. Jul 15, 2025; 16(7): 107501 Published online Jul 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i7.107501
Predicting hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Insights from a nomogram model
Jie Liu, Nan Zhang, Tong Liu
Jie Liu, Nan Zhang, Tong Liu, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
Co-first authors: Jie Liu and Nan Zhang.
Author contributions: Liu J, Zhang N and Liu T contributed to the study design; Liu J and Zhang N drafted the manuscript; Liu J made the figures; Zhang N and Liu T revised the final version of the manuscript; all authors have reviewed and approved the manuscript and consented to its publication; Liu J and Zhang N contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82170327 and No. 82370332; and Tianjin Key Medical Discipline (Specialty) Construction Project, No. TJYXZDXK-029A.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Tong Liu, MD, PhD, Professor, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No. 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China. liutongdoc@126.com
Received: April 1, 2025 Revised: April 30, 2025 Accepted: June 10, 2025 Published online: July 15, 2025 Processing time: 108 Days and 20.3 Hours
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising, with hypertension as a common comorbidity that significantly increases cardiovascular and microvascular risks. Accurate prediction of hypertension in T2DM is essential for early intervention and personalized management. In this editorial, we comment on a recent retrospective study by Zhao et al, which developed a nomogram model using a large cohort of 26850 patients to predict hypertension risk in patients with T2DM. The model incorporated key independent risk factors, including age, body mass index, duration of diabetes, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and urine protein levels, demonstrating promising discriminative power and predictive accuracy in internal validation. However, its external applicability requires further confirmation. This editorial discusses the clinical value and limitations of the predictive model, highlighting the unfavorable impact of hypertension on T2DM patients. Future research should evaluate the potential contribution of other risk factors to enhance risk prediction and improve the management of T2DM comorbidities.
Core Tip: In this editorial, we comment on the retrospective study by Zhao et al, recently published in the World Journal of Diabetes, which developed a nomogram model to predict the risk of hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We highlight its limitations, including the need for external validation and broader hypertension diagnosis. Future studies should consider this and include additional factors, such as insulin resistance, inflammatory markers, blood pressure variability and serum uric acid, to further refine risk prediction and improve T2DM management.
