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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Dec 15, 2022; 13(12): 1014-1034
Published online Dec 15, 2022. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i12.1014
Diabetic foot ulcer: Challenges and future
Li Yang, Gui-Chuan Rong, Qi-Nan Wu
Li Yang, Qi-Nan Wu, Department of Endocrinology, Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing 402360, China
Gui-Chuan Rong, Department of Gynaecology, Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing 402360, China
Author contributions: Yang L and Rong GC contributed equally to this work; Yang L, Rong GC and Wu QN contributed to writing the manuscript and participated in helpful discussions; Wu QN is the guarantor of this work.
Supported by Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau and Health Commission of Chinese Medicine Technology Innovation and Application Development Project, No. 2020ZY013540; General Project of Graduate Education and Teaching Reform of Chongqing University, No. cquyjg20329; Science and Health Joint Project of Dazu District Science and Technology Bureau, No. DZKJ,2022CCC1001.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest and agreed to publish the study.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Qi-Nan Wu, MD, Director, Professor, Department of Endocrinology, Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, The People's Hospital of Dazu, No. 1073 2nd Ring South Road, Tangxiang Street, Dazu District, Chongqing 402360, China. wqn11@126.com
Received: August 19, 2022
Peer-review started: August 19, 2022
First decision: September 26, 2022
Revised: October 7, 2022
Accepted: November 28, 2022
Article in press: November 28, 2022
Published online: December 15, 2022
Processing time: 117 Days and 21.1 Hours
Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) have become one of the important causes of mortality and morbidity in patients with diabetes, and they are also a common cause of hospitalization, which places a heavy burden on patients and society. The prevention and treatment of DFUs requires multidisciplinary management. By controlling various risk factors, such as blood glucose levels, blood pressure, lipid levels and smoking cessation, local management of DFUs should be strengthened, such as debridement, dressing, revascularization, stem cell decompression and oxygen therapy. If necessary, systemic anti-infection treatment should be administered. We reviewed the progress in the clinical practice of treating DFUs in recent years, such as revascularization, wound repair, offloading, stem cell transplantation, and anti-infection treatment. We also summarized and prospectively analyzed some new technologies and measurements used in the treatment of DFUs and noted the future challenges and directions for the development of DFU treatments.

Keywords: Diabetic foot ulcer, Diabetic peripheral artery disease, Diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Core Tip: Diabetes foot ulcer has become one of the important causes of mortality and morbidity of diabetes patients, and it is also a common cause of hospitalization, which brings a heavy burden to patients and society. The prevention and treatment of diabetes foot ulcer needs multidisciplinary management. We reviewed the progress in the clinical practice of diabetes foot ulcer in recent years, such as revascularization, wound repair, offloading, stem cell transplantation, anti-infection treatment. We also summarized and prospected some new technologies and measurements in the treatment of diabetes foot ulcer, and pointed out the future challenge and development direction of diabetes foot ulcer.