Basic Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Apr 15, 2021; 12(4): 453-465
Published online Apr 15, 2021. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i4.453
Effect of oligofructose on resistance to postoperative high-fat diet-induced damage of metabolism in diabetic rats after sleeve gastrectomy
Ming-Wei Zhong, Yue Li, Yu-Gang Cheng, Qiao-Ran Liu, San-Yuan Hu, Guang-Yong Zhang
Ming-Wei Zhong, Yu-Gang Cheng, Qiao-Ran Liu, San-Yuan Hu, Guang-Yong Zhang, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
Ming-Wei Zhong, Yu-Gang Cheng, Qiao-Ran Liu, San-Yuan Hu, Guang-Yong Zhang, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Gastrointestinal Tumor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
Ming-Wei Zhong, Yu-Gang Cheng, Qiao-Ran Liu, San-Yuan Hu, Guang-Yong Zhang, Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
Yue Li, Department of General Surgery, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
Author contributions: Zhong MW, Li Y, Liu QR, Hu SY, and Zhang GY contributed to the conception of the manuscript, design of the experiments, analysis and interpretation of the data, and writing of the manuscript; Zhong MW, Li Y, and Cheng YG performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript; all authors have commented on the initial and final drafts of the manuscript and are responsible for approval of the final version of the manuscript in all aspects.
Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81900705.
Institutional review board statement: This study protocol was reviewed and approved by the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Approval No. 2020S396).
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: All procedures involving animals were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China (Protocol No. 2018-006).
Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no conflict of interest to declare.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
ARRIVE guidelines statement: The authors have read the ARRIVE guidelines, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the ARRIVE guidelines.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Guang-Yong Zhang, PhD, Doctor, Professor, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China. guangyongzhang@hotmail.com
Received: December 11, 2020
Peer-review started: December 11, 2020
First decision: December 31, 2020
Revised: January 13, 2021
Accepted: March 7, 2021
Article in press: March 7, 2021
Published online: April 15, 2021
Processing time: 118 Days and 20.1 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) can induce prominent remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the long-term remission rate of diabetes usually decreases over time. Oligofructose has been verified to modulate host metabolism. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect of oligofructose on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic dysfunction after SG.

AIM

To study the effect and mechanism of oligofructose on diabetic remission in diabetic rats after SG.

METHODS

SG and SHAM operation were performed on diabetes rats induced with an HFD, nicotinamide, and low-dose streptozotocin. Then the rats in the SHAM and SG groups were continuously provided with the HFD, and the rats in sleeve gastrectomy-oligofructose group were provided with a specific HFD containing 10% oligofructose. Body weight, calorie intake, oral glucose tolerance test, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, lipid profile, serum insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), total bile acids, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and colonic microbiota levels were determined and compared at the designated time points. All statistical analyses were performed using Statistic Package for Social Science version 19.0 (IBM, United States), and the statistically significant difference was considered at P < 0.05.

RESULTS

At 2 wk after surgery, rats that underwent SG exhibited improved indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism. Compared with the SG group, the rats from SG-oligofructose group exhibited better parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism, lower body weight (526.86 ± 21.51 vs 469.25 ± 21.84, P < 0.001), calorie intake (152.14 ± 9.48 vs 129.63 ± 8.99, P < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (4.32 ± 0.57 vs 3.46 ± 0.52, P < 0.05), and LPS levels (0.19 ± 0.01 vs 0.16 ± 0.01, P < 0.05), and higher levels of insulin (1.17 ± 0.17 vs 1.58 ± 0.16, P < 0.001) and GLP-1 (12.39 ± 1.67 vs 14.94 ± 1.86, P < 0.001), and relative abundances of Bifidobacterium (0.0034 ± 0.0014 vs 0.0343 ± 0.0064, P < 0.001), Lactobacillus (0.0161 ± 0.0037 vs 0.0357 ± 0.0047, P < 0.001), and Akkermansia muciniphila (0.0050 ± 0.0024 vs 0.0507 ± 0.0100, P < 0.001) at the end of the study. However, no difference in total bile acids levels was observed between the two groups.

CONCLUSION

Oligofructose partially prevents HFD-induced glucose and lipid metabolism damage after SG, which may be due to the changes of calorie intake, insulin, GLP-1, LPS, and the gut microbiota in rats.

Keywords: Sleeve gastrectomy, Oligofructose, Diabetes, Gut microbiota, Lipopo-lysaccharide, Glucagon-like peptide 1

Core Tip: Bariatric surgery is one of the important methods to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the remission and recurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus after surgery are still a hot issue. In this study, we demonstrated that oligofructose can partially resist the high-fat diet-induced glucose and lipid metabolism damage after sleeve gastrectomy in rats, and the influence of oligofructose on calorie intake, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1, lipopolysaccharide, and gut microbiota may play an important role in the improving function.