|
1
|
Elbeltagi R, Al-Beltagi M, Saeed NK, Bediwy AS. Cardiometabolic effects of breastfeeding on infants of diabetic mothers. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:617-631. [PMID: 37273257 PMCID: PMC10236993 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i5.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast milk is the best and principal nutritional source for neonates and infants. It may protect infants against many metabolic diseases, predominantly obesity and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic and microvascular disease that affects all the body systems and all ages from intrauterine life to late adulthood. Breastfeeding protects against infant mortality and diseases, such as necrotizing enterocolitis, diarrhoea, respiratory infections, viral and bacterial infection, eczema, allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergies, malocclusion, dental caries, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. It also protects against obesity and insulin resistance and increases intelligence and mental development. Gestational diabetes has short and long-term impacts on infants of diabetic mothers (IDM). Breast milk composition changes in mothers with gestational diabetes. AIM To investigate the beneficial or detrimental effects of breastfeeding on the cardiometabolic health of IDM and their mothers. METHODS We performed a database search on different engines and a thorough literature review and included 121 research published in English between January 2000 and December 15, 2022, in this review. RESULTS Most of the literature agreed on the beneficial effects of breast milk for both the mother and the infant in the short and long terms. Breastfeeding protects mothers with gestational diabetes against obesity and type 2 DM. Despite some evidence of the protective effects of breastfeeding on IDM in the short and long term, the evidence is not strong enough due to the presence of many confounding factors and a lack of sufficient studies. CONCLUSION We need more comprehensive research to prove these effects. Despite many obstacles that may enface mothers with gestational diabetes to start and maintain breastfeeding, every effort should be made to encourage them to breastfeed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reem Elbeltagi
- Department of Medicine, Irish Royal College of Surgeon, Busaiteen 15503, Bahrain
| | - Mohammed Al-Beltagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Nermin Kamal Saeed
- Medical Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Bahrain, Manama 12, Bahrain
- Department of Microbiology, Irish Royal College of Surgeon, Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, Bahrain
| | - Adel Salah Bediwy
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Breastfeeding Practices, Infant Formula Use, Complementary Feeding and Childhood Malnutrition: An Updated Overview of the Eastern Mediterranean Landscape. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194201. [PMID: 36235853 PMCID: PMC9572091 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With increasing global rates of overweight, obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) along with undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is no exception. This review focuses on specific nutrition parameters among under five years children, namely ever breastfed, exclusive breastfeeding, mixed milk feeding, continued breastfeeding, bottle feeding, introduction of solid, semi-solid, or soft foods and malnutrition. METHODOLOGY PubMed, Google Scholar, United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) databases, World Health Organization (WHO) databases, the World Bank databases and the Global Nutrition Report databases were explored between 10 January and 6 June 2022, to review the nutrition situation among under five years children in the EMR. RESULTS The regional average prevalence of ever breastfed, exclusive breastfeeding, mixed milk feeding, continued breastfeeding, bottle feeding, introduction of solid, semi-solid, or soft foods was estimated at 84.3%, 30.9%, 42.9%, 41.5%, 32.1% and 69.3%, respectively. Iran, Iraq, Libya and Palestine have seen a decline over time in the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding. Lebanon, Egypt, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia reported early introduction of infant formula. Moreover, Lebanon, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates were seen to introduce food early to the child, at between 4-6 months of age. The estimated weighted regional averages for stunting, wasting and underweight were 20.3%, 8.9% and 13.1%, respectively. Of concern is the increasing prevalence of stunting in Libya. As for overweight and obesity, the average prevalence was reported to be 8.9% and 3%, respectively. Lebanon, Libya, Kuwait and Palestine showed an increased trend throughout this time. CONCLUSIONS In this review, the suboptimal infant and young child feeding patterns and the twofold incidence of malnutrition in the EMR are highlighted and we urge the prioritizing of measures to improve children's nutrition.
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Niu Z, Naya CH, Reynaga L, Toledo-Corral CM, Johnson M, Yang T, Grubbs B, Lurvey N, Lerner D, Dunton GF, Habre R, Breton CV, Bastain TM, Farzan SF. Association of Breastfeeding Duration with 12-Month Postpartum Blood Lipids in a Predominately Lower-Income Hispanic Pregnancy Cohort in Los Angeles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3008. [PMID: 35270701 PMCID: PMC8910591 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Breastfeeding may protect women’s long-term cardiovascular health; however, breastfeeding-related postpartum lipid changes remain unclear. We aim to examine associations of breastfeeding duration with maternal lipids at 12 months postpartum. In a subsample (n = 79) of the Maternal and Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES) cohort, breastfeeding status and duration at 3, 6, and 12 months postpartum were self-reported. Serum levels of lipids, including total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-, low-, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C), were measured from blood samples collected at 12 months postpartum. We used linear regression models to compare lipids by breastfeeding duration, adjusting for potential confounders. Women who were breastfeeding at 12 months had higher HDL-C (mean: 41.74 mg/dL, 95% CI: 37.27−46.74 vs. 35.11 mg/dL, 95% CI: 31.42−39.24), lower TG (80.45 mg/dL, 95% CI: 66.20−97.77 vs. 119.11 mg/dL, 95% CI: 98.36−144.25), and lower VLDL-C (16.31 mg/dL, 95% CI: 13.23, 20.12 vs. 23.09 mg/dL, 95% CI: 18.61−28.65) compared to women who breastfed for <6 months. No lipids were significantly different between women who breastfed for 6−11 months and for <6 months. Each month’s increase in breastfeeding duration was significantly, inversely associated with TG and VLDL-C and positively with HDL-C. Adjusting for fasting status, demographics, pre-pregnancy body mass index, breastfeeding frequency, and pregnancy complications did not appreciably change effect estimates. Breastfeeding at 12 months postpartum and a longer duration of breastfeeding in the first year postpartum were both associated with increased HDL-C and decreased TG and VLDL-C at 12 months postpartum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzheng Niu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA; (Z.N.); (C.H.N.); (C.M.T.-C.); (M.J.); (T.Y.); (B.G.); (G.F.D.); (R.H.); (C.V.B.); (T.M.B.)
| | - Christine H. Naya
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA; (Z.N.); (C.H.N.); (C.M.T.-C.); (M.J.); (T.Y.); (B.G.); (G.F.D.); (R.H.); (C.V.B.); (T.M.B.)
| | - Lorena Reynaga
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Development, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330, USA;
| | - Claudia M. Toledo-Corral
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA; (Z.N.); (C.H.N.); (C.M.T.-C.); (M.J.); (T.Y.); (B.G.); (G.F.D.); (R.H.); (C.V.B.); (T.M.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Development, California State University Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330, USA;
| | - Mark Johnson
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA; (Z.N.); (C.H.N.); (C.M.T.-C.); (M.J.); (T.Y.); (B.G.); (G.F.D.); (R.H.); (C.V.B.); (T.M.B.)
| | - Tingyu Yang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA; (Z.N.); (C.H.N.); (C.M.T.-C.); (M.J.); (T.Y.); (B.G.); (G.F.D.); (R.H.); (C.V.B.); (T.M.B.)
| | - Brendan Grubbs
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA; (Z.N.); (C.H.N.); (C.M.T.-C.); (M.J.); (T.Y.); (B.G.); (G.F.D.); (R.H.); (C.V.B.); (T.M.B.)
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA
| | - Nathana Lurvey
- Eisner Health, Los Angeles, CA 90015, USA; (N.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Deborah Lerner
- Eisner Health, Los Angeles, CA 90015, USA; (N.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Genevieve F. Dunton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA; (Z.N.); (C.H.N.); (C.M.T.-C.); (M.J.); (T.Y.); (B.G.); (G.F.D.); (R.H.); (C.V.B.); (T.M.B.)
| | - Rima Habre
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA; (Z.N.); (C.H.N.); (C.M.T.-C.); (M.J.); (T.Y.); (B.G.); (G.F.D.); (R.H.); (C.V.B.); (T.M.B.)
| | - Carrie V. Breton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA; (Z.N.); (C.H.N.); (C.M.T.-C.); (M.J.); (T.Y.); (B.G.); (G.F.D.); (R.H.); (C.V.B.); (T.M.B.)
| | - Theresa M. Bastain
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA; (Z.N.); (C.H.N.); (C.M.T.-C.); (M.J.); (T.Y.); (B.G.); (G.F.D.); (R.H.); (C.V.B.); (T.M.B.)
| | - Shohreh F. Farzan
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90039, USA; (Z.N.); (C.H.N.); (C.M.T.-C.); (M.J.); (T.Y.); (B.G.); (G.F.D.); (R.H.); (C.V.B.); (T.M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Oras P, Ljungberg T, Hellström-Westas L, Funkquist EL. A breastfeeding support program changed breastfeeding patterns but did not affect the mothers' self-efficacy in breastfeeding at two months. Early Hum Dev 2020; 151:105242. [PMID: 33137580 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though the biological norm in humans is frequent on demand breastfeeding, sparse feeding intervals have become the cultural norm in most Western countries due to a history of on schedule breastfeeding. This discrepancy between the biological basis and the culturally driven practice continues to interfere with women's ability to breastfeed. AIM Our aim was to describe breastfeeding patterns in 2-month-old infants before and after the implementation of a breastfeeding support program. A secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between breastfeeding patterns and the mother's self-efficacy in breastfeeding. METHODS The study had a baseline/intervention design and was part of a larger project aiming to revive the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding program. The larger project included breastfeeding training for health care professionals and provision of breastfeeding information to parents, including information about on demand breastfeeding. Data were gathered via breastfeeding diaries (n = 79 mothers from each group) and the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale-Short Form (n = 83 in the baseline group and n = 79 in the intervention group). RESULTS On demand breastfeeding patterns were more common in the intervention group (97.5%) than in the baseline group (74.7%) (p < 0.001), and breastfeeding sessions were more frequent in the intervention group (a median of 14 times per 24 h versus 11 times in the baseline group; p = 0.026). Self-efficacy in breastfeeding did not differ between the groups, but was higher in mothers with exclusive breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge about infants' breastfeeding behavior can strengthen on demand breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding is associated with higher self-efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Oras
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | | | - Eva-Lotta Funkquist
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Comparison of Support Vector Machine, Naïve Bayes and Logistic Regression for Assessing the Necessity for Coronary Angiography. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186449. [PMID: 32899733 PMCID: PMC7558963 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Coronary angiography is considered to be the most reliable method for the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. However, angiography is an invasive procedure that carries a risk of complications; hence, it would be preferable for an appropriate method to be applied to determine the necessity for angiography. The objective of this study was to compare support vector machine, naïve Bayes and logistic regressions to determine the diagnostic factors that can predict the need for coronary angiography. These models are machine learning algorithms. Machine learning is considered to be a branch of artificial intelligence. Its aims are to design and develop algorithms that allow computers to improve their performance on data analysis and decision making. The process involves the analysis of past experiences to find practical and helpful regularities and patterns, which may also be overlooked by a human. (2) Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 1187 candidates for angiography referred to Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran from 2011 to 2012. A logistic regression, naive Bayes and support vector machine were applied to determine whether they could predict the results of angiography. Afterwards, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, AUC (area under the curve) and accuracy of all three models were computed in order to compare them. All analyses were performed using R 3.4.3 software (R Core Team; Auckland, New Zealand) with the help of other software packages including receiver operating characteristic (ROC), caret, e1071 and rminer. (3) Results: The area under the curve for logistic regression, naïve Bayes and support vector machine were similar—0.76, 0.74 and 0.75, respectively. Thus, in terms of the model parsimony and simplicity of application, the naïve Bayes model with three variables had the best performance in comparison with the logistic regression model with seven variables and support vector machine with six variables. (4) Conclusions: Gender, age and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were found to be the most important factors to predict the result of coronary angiography. The naïve Bayes model performed well using these three variables alone, and they are considered important variables for the other two models as well. According to an acceptable prediction of the models, they can be used as pragmatic, cost-effective and valuable methods that support physicians in decision making.
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Behzadifar M, Saki M, Behzadifar M, Mardani M, Yari F, Ebrahimzadeh F, Majidi Mehr H, Abdi Bastami S, Bragazzi NL. Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practice in the first six months of life and its determinants in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:384. [PMID: 31656169 PMCID: PMC6815441 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1776-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in the first 6 months of life is the best and most complete option for an infant, in that supplies the vitamins and minerals the baby needs. Several studies in Iran have been conducted concerning the prevalence of EBF. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of EBF in the first 6 months of life and associated factors in Iran synthesizing published studies. Methods We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, ISI/Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Directory of Open Access Journals Directory (DOAJ) and Google Scholar as well as Iranian databases (Barakathns, MagIran and the Scientific Information Database or SID) up to November 2018. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of studies. Analyses were performed by pooling together studies using DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model with 95% confidence interval. To test for heterogeneity, I2 test was used. The Egger’s regression test and funnel plot were used to evaluate the publication bias. The strength of EBF determinants was assessed computing the Odds-ratios (OR) using the Mantel–Haenszel method. Results In the initial search 725 records were found. Finally, 32 studies were selected based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. The sample size of studies varied between 50 and 63,071 subjects. The overall prevalence of EBF in Iran was 53% (CI 95%; 44–62). The OR for breastfeeding education received before pregnancy was 1.13 (0.94–1.36), for mother’s job 1.01 (0.81–1.27), for education level 1.12 (0.89–1.42), for type of delivery 1.16 (0.98–1.37), and for gender of child 1.03 (0.83–1.28). Conclusion In Iran health policy- and decision-makers should try to take interventions that encourage mothers to use their milk to breastfeed the infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Behzadifar
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mandana Saki
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Masoud Behzadifar
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahnaz Mardani
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yari
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorrmabad, Iran
| | - Farzad Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hadis Majidi Mehr
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Shadi Abdi Bastami
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- School of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
|
7
|
MITSUI YUKIKO, SAITO IZUMI. Mothers'Breastfeeding-Related Durations and Nursing Management During the Early Postpartum Period in a Mixed Hospital Ward with an Obstetrics Department: A Prospective Observational Study. THE KOBE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 64:E160-E169. [PMID: 30988262 PMCID: PMC6668590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to quantify duration of in-hospital breastfeeding (BF)-related activities in mothers after childbirth in a mixed ward-type hospital with an obstetrics department in Japan (hereafter, mixed ward). METHODS Twenty-two postpartum mothers (primiparous and multiparous) who had vaginal delivery in a mixed ward were instructed to wear radio beacons. A smartphone was placed in the BF room and detected the presence of a nearby beacon, 24 hours daily, measuring the number of hours a mother spent in the nursing room (defined as BF time [hereafter, BF-related duration]). BF-related duration included time spent for BF, diaper changes before and after BF, bottle feeding, and support from nurses. BF-related total hours during postpartum hospitalization were calculated. The effects of parity and each postpartum day number (postpartum days 1-4) on Daily BF-related duration were determined. RESULTS Percentage of total postpartum hospitalization time spent for BF-related duration was 21.6% and 19.9% for primiparous and multiparous mothers, respectively, with no significant difference between groups. BF-related duration was significantly different between parity group and postpartum day, with peaks on postpartum day 4 (387.7 minutes) and day 2 (318.0 minutes) for primiparous and multiparous groups, respectively. (F = 2.813, p = 0.048). CONCLUSION Mothers spent 20% of their postpartum hospitalization period for BF-related activities. Individual support is necessary, especially for primiparous mothers, who spent more time than multiparous mothers for BF-related activities on postpartum day 4. In a mixed ward, postpartum mothers need a comfortable hospital environment in which midwives can dedicate themselves to mother-child dyad care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YUKIKO MITSUI
- Department of Nursing, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, JAPAN
| | - IZUMI SAITO
- Department of Nursing, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, JAPAN
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Parsa P, Masoumi Z, Parsa N, Parsa B. Parents' Health Beliefs Influence Breastfeeding Patterns among Iranian Women. Oman Med J 2015; 30:187-92. [PMID: 26171125 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2015.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine factors related to breastfeeding and its perceived health benefits among Iranian mothers. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed using 240 postpartum women who were selected randomly from eight public health care centers in Hamadan, Iran, in 2012. Mothers who breastfed (BF) and mothers who never breastfed (NBF) were given a structured questionnaire to collect their demographic data and information regarding their health beliefs and attitude towards child-rearing. Descriptive and logistic regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS The mean length of breastfeeding was 11.6 (standard deviation=12.5) weeks. There was no difference in demographic variables, such as age, type of medical insurance, number of living children, employment, education, and household income (p>0.050), between mothers that breastfed and those that did not. Mothers' perception of the severity of child illness was higher in those who breastfed than those who never breastfed (p=0.050). In contrast, BF mothers had higher perceived confidence of medical care to prevent diseases (p<0.050) and a higher perception of reverse parent-child roles than NBF mothers (p<0.050). CONCLUSION Mothers' health beliefs and attitude to parenting has a significant role in choosing to breastfeed. Physicians and healthcare providers may provide supportive information that influence a mother's breastfeeding behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Parsa
- Department of Mother and Child Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Masoumi
- Department of Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nakisa Parsa
- Department Child Development and Psychology, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Bita Parsa
- Department of Professional Continuing Education, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Breast-feeding intention, initiation and duration among Hong Kong Chinese women: A prospective longitudinal study. Midwifery 2014; 30:678-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
|
10
|
Tabesh H, Hosseiny SM, Kompani F, Saki A, Firoozabadi MS, Chenary R, Mehrabian Fard M. Prevalence and trend of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran. Glob J Health Sci 2013; 6:35-41. [PMID: 24576363 PMCID: PMC4825244 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n2p35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is an important risk factor for some chronic diseases. Since the effect of obesity is long-standing, monitoring childhood obesity should be the first step in the health policy for interventions regarding early prevention of chronic diseases. In this study we aim to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children in the city of Ahvaz. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was designed. A sample of 5811 children, 2904 (49.97%) boys and 2907 (50.03%) girls, was selected and their heights and weights were measured in 2012-2013 academic year. Measurements of height and weight were made by using calibrated equipment and according to standardized protocol with the children having light clothes and without wearing shoes. The adjusted odds ratio of obesity and overweight for age and sex were calculated from multiple logistic regression model. RESULTS A total 685 (23.6%) of boys and 561 (19.3%) of girls were overweight. and 190(6.05%) of boys and 130 (4.5%) of girls were obese. The proportion of overweight and obese boys was significantly higher than that of girls (p<0.001). Logistic regression showed significant increase in the likelihood of being overweight with the increasing age OR=1.50, C.I.95%: (1.43, 1.57). CONCLUSION The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased markedly with age. This shows the importance of early prevention by doing interventions and training since the first year of primary school.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farshid Kompani
- Pediatric Nephrologist, Golestan Hospital,Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences,Ahvaz,Iran.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|