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de Vries PS, Brown MR, Bentley AR, Sung YJ, Winkler TW, Ntalla I, Schwander K, Kraja AT, Guo X, Franceschini N, Cheng CY, Sim X, Vojinovic D, Huffman JE, Musani SK, Li C, Feitosa MF, Richard MA, Noordam R, Aschard H, Bartz TM, Bielak LF, Deng X, Dorajoo R, Lohman KK, Manning AK, Rankinen T, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Evangelou E, Graff M, Alver M, Boissel M, Chai JF, Chen X, Divers J, Gandin I, Gao C, Goel A, Hagemeijer Y, Harris SE, Hartwig FP, He M, Horimoto ARVR, Hsu FC, Jackson AU, Kasturiratne A, Komulainen P, Kühnel B, Laguzzi F, Lee JH, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, Matoba N, Nolte IM, Pietzner M, Riaz M, Said MA, Scott RA, Sofer T, Stančáková A, Takeuchi F, Tayo BO, van der Most PJ, Varga TV, Wang Y, Ware EB, Wen W, Yanek LR, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Afaq S, Amin N, Amini M, Arking DE, Aung T, Ballantyne C, Boerwinkle E, Broeckel U, Campbell A, Canouil M, Charumathi S, Chen YDI, Connell JM, de Faire U, de las Fuentes L, de Mutsert R, de Silva HJ, Ding J, Dominiczak AF, Duan Q, Eaton CB, Eppinga RN, Faul JD, Fisher V, Forrester T, Franco OH, Friedlander Y, Ghanbari M, Giulianini F, et alde Vries PS, Brown MR, Bentley AR, Sung YJ, Winkler TW, Ntalla I, Schwander K, Kraja AT, Guo X, Franceschini N, Cheng CY, Sim X, Vojinovic D, Huffman JE, Musani SK, Li C, Feitosa MF, Richard MA, Noordam R, Aschard H, Bartz TM, Bielak LF, Deng X, Dorajoo R, Lohman KK, Manning AK, Rankinen T, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Evangelou E, Graff M, Alver M, Boissel M, Chai JF, Chen X, Divers J, Gandin I, Gao C, Goel A, Hagemeijer Y, Harris SE, Hartwig FP, He M, Horimoto ARVR, Hsu FC, Jackson AU, Kasturiratne A, Komulainen P, Kühnel B, Laguzzi F, Lee JH, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, Matoba N, Nolte IM, Pietzner M, Riaz M, Said MA, Scott RA, Sofer T, Stančáková A, Takeuchi F, Tayo BO, van der Most PJ, Varga TV, Wang Y, Ware EB, Wen W, Yanek LR, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Afaq S, Amin N, Amini M, Arking DE, Aung T, Ballantyne C, Boerwinkle E, Broeckel U, Campbell A, Canouil M, Charumathi S, Chen YDI, Connell JM, de Faire U, de las Fuentes L, de Mutsert R, de Silva HJ, Ding J, Dominiczak AF, Duan Q, Eaton CB, Eppinga RN, Faul JD, Fisher V, Forrester T, Franco OH, Friedlander Y, Ghanbari M, Giulianini F, Grabe HJ, Grove ML, Gu CC, Harris TB, Heikkinen S, Heng CK, Hirata M, Hixson JE, Howard BV, Ikram MA, InterAct Consortium, Jacobs DR, Johnson C, Jonas JB, Kammerer CM, Katsuya T, Khor CC, Kilpeläinen TO, Koh WP, Koistinen HA, Kolcic I, Kooperberg C, Krieger JE, Kritchevsky SB, Kubo M, Kuusisto J, Lakka TA, Langefeld CD, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lehne B, Lemaitre RN, Li Y, Liang J, Liu J, Liu K, Loh M, Louie T, Mägi R, Manichaikul AW, McKenzie CA, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milaneschi Y, Milani L, Mohlke KL, Mosley TH, Mukamal KJ, Nalls MA, Nauck M, Nelson CP, Sotoodehnia N, O'Connell JR, Palmer ND, Pazoki R, Pedersen NL, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Poulter N, Raffel LJ, Raitakari OT, Reiner AP, Rice TK, Rich SS, Robino A, Robinson JG, Rose LM, Rudan I, Schmidt CO, Schreiner PJ, Scott WR, Sever P, Shi Y, Sidney S, Sims M, Smith BH, Smith JA, Snieder H, Starr JM, Strauch K, Tan N, Taylor KD, Teo YY, Tham YC, Uitterlinden AG, van Heemst D, Vuckovic D, Waldenberger M, Wang L, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wei WB, Williams C, Wilson G, Wojczynski MK, Yao J, Yu B, Yu C, Yuan JM, Zhao W, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Boehnke M, Bowden DW, Chambers JC, Deary IJ, Esko T, Farrall M, Franks PW, Freedman BI, Froguel P, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Horta BL, Kamatani Y, Kato N, Kooner JS, Laakso M, Leander K, Lehtimäki T, Lifelines Cohort, Groningen, The Netherlands (Lifelines Cohort Study), Magnusson PKE, Penninx B, Pereira AC, Rauramaa R, Samani NJ, Scott J, Shu XO, van der Harst P, Wagenknecht LE, Wang YX, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Weir DR, Wickremasinghe AR, Zheng W, Elliott P, North KE, Bouchard C, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Liu CT, Liu Y, Psaty BM, Ridker PM, van Dam RM, Kardia SLR, Zhu X, Rotimi CN, Mook-Kanamori DO, Fornage M, Kelly TN, Fox ER, Hayward C, van Duijn CM, Tai ES, Wong TY, Liu J, Rotter JI, Gauderman WJ, Province MA, Munroe PB, Rice K, Chasman DI, Cupples LA, Rao DC, Morrison AC. Multiancestry Genome-Wide Association Study of Lipid Levels Incorporating Gene-Alcohol Interactions. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:1033-1054. [PMID: 30698716 PMCID: PMC6545280 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz005] [Show More Authors] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A person's lipid profile is influenced by genetic variants and alcohol consumption, but the contribution of interactions between these exposures has not been studied. We therefore incorporated gene-alcohol interactions into a multiancestry genome-wide association study of levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. We included 45 studies in stage 1 (genome-wide discovery) and 66 studies in stage 2 (focused follow-up), for a total of 394,584 individuals from 5 ancestry groups. Analyses covered the period July 2014-November 2017. Genetic main effects and interaction effects were jointly assessed by means of a 2-degrees-of-freedom (df) test, and a 1-df test was used to assess the interaction effects alone. Variants at 495 loci were at least suggestively associated (P < 1 × 10-6) with lipid levels in stage 1 and were evaluated in stage 2, followed by combined analyses of stage 1 and stage 2. In the combined analysis of stages 1 and 2, a total of 147 independent loci were associated with lipid levels at P < 5 × 10-8 using 2-df tests, of which 18 were novel. No genome-wide-significant associations were found testing the interaction effect alone. The novel loci included several genes (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (PCSK5), vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB), and apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 1 (APOBEC1) complementation factor (A1CF)) that have a putative role in lipid metabolism on the basis of existing evidence from cellular and experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yun J Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Academic Medicine Research Institute, Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Changwei Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, Georgia
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Melissa A Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Xuan Deng
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Public Health Sciences, Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chuan Gao
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Yanick Hagemeijer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joseph H Lee
- Sergievsky Center and Taub Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center – Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maik Pietzner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - M Abdullah Said
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Erin B Ware
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Saima Afaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marzyeh Amini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program
| | - Christie Ballantyne
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Houston Methodist Debakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Academic Medicine Research Institute, Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - John M Connell
- Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lisa de las Fuentes
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Center on Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anna F Dominiczak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Ruben N Eppinga
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Virginia Fisher
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hans J Grabe
- Department Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Megan L Grove
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat – National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - James E Hixson
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Barbara V Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, Maryland
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences and Department of Medicine, Georgetown-Howard Universities, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Craig Johnson
- Collaborative Health Studies Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jost Bruno Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jose E Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute
| | - Steve B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Health Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yize Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kiang Liu
- Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ani W Manichaikul
- Biostatistics Section, Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, West Complex, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Colin A McKenzie
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Geriatrics, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Kenneth J Mukamal
- General Medicine & Primary Care, Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, Maryland
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jeff R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Raha Pazoki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Psychiatric Hospital “Sveti Ivan”, Zagreb, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neil Poulter
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington
| | - Treva K Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, West Complex, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jennifer G Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - William R Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephen Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dragana Vuckovic
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Yujie Wang
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Zhe Wang
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Christine Williams
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gregory Wilson
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jie Yao
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Caizheng Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Wei Zhao
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Diane M Becker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center – Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brenda Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Health Data Research UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute
| | - Kari E North
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Carolina Center of Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Public Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Kaiser Permanente Washington, Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Leiden
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Ervin R Fox
- Cardiology, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program
| | - Jingmin Liu
- WHI CCC, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - W James Gauderman
- Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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