Risk of progression to high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and gastric cancer: A multi-center prospective study in Anhui Province, China

Table 1 Clinical and pathological characteristics of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia patients, n (%)

Characteristic	Overall patients (n = 357)	Patients follow up (n = 296)
Age, mean ± SD	54.66 ± 14.48	54.34 ± 14.40
Gender
Male	198 (55.5)	163 (55.1)
Female	159 (44.5)	133 (44.9)
Lesion location
Antrum	195 (54.6)	161 (54.4)
Angulus	31 (8.7)	25 (8.4)
Body	17 (4.8)	14 (4.7)
Fundus	17 (4.8)	14 (4.7)
Cardia	86 (24.1)	72 (24.3)
Multiple location	11 (3.1)	10 (3.4)
Lesion size
< 2 cm	291 (81.5)	241 (81.4)
≥ 2 cm	66 (18.5)	55 (18.6)
Congestion
Yes	250 (70.0)	207 (69.9)
No	107 (30.0)	89 (30.1)
Form
Protuberant	165 (46.2)	135 (45.6)
Flat	139 (38.9)	118 (39.9)
Central depression	53 (14.8)	43 (14.5)
Comorbidities
Ulceration	112 (31.4)	90 (30.4)
Gastric polyps	59 (16.5)	52 (17.6)
None	186 (52.1)	154 (52.0)
Prognosis
Progress		33 (11.1)
Retrogress		200 (67.6)
Unchanged		63 (31.3)

Table 2 Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and intestinal metaplasia, atrophy, and gastric ulcer in low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia patients

	H. pylori infection		P value
	Positive (n = 231)	Negative (n = 126)
Atrophy
Yes	120	64	0.740
No	111	62
Intestinal metaplasia
Yes	137	77	0.835
No	94	49
Ulceration
Yes	66	46	0.122
No	165	80

H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.

Table 3 Univariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors on low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia progression

Characteristic	Progress	Non-progress	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age
≥ 60	21	92	3.114 (1.356-7.153)	0.007
< 60	12	171	Ref.
Gender
Male	13	150	1.795 (0.785-4.105)	0.166
Female	20	113	Ref.
Multiple location
Yes	5	5	10.838 (2.023-58.076)	0.005
No	28	258	Ref.
Lesion size
≥ 2 cm	15	40	4.189 (1.751-10.018)	0.001
< 2 cm	18	223	Ref.
Congestion
Yes	10	79	1.208 (0.474-3.078)	0.157
No	23	187	Ref.
Form
Protuberant	11	107	0.757 (0.413-1.387)	0.367
Flat	18	117	0.966 (0.587-2.236)	0.438
Central depression	4	39	Ref.
Ulceration
Yes	16	74	2.685 (1.161-6.207)	0.021
No	17	189	Ref.
Atrophy
Yes	18	125	1.107 (0.482-2.542)	0.811
No	15	1381	Ref.
Intestinal metaplasia
Yes	159	104	0.815 (0.346-1.922)	0.640
No	20	13	Ref.
H. pylori infection
Yes	29	163	4.448 (1.159-13.027)	0.006
No	4	100	Ref.

H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

Table 4 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors on low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia progression

Characteristic	Progress	Non-progress	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age
≥ 60	21	92	3.063 (1.351-6.945)	0.007
< 60	12	171	Ref.
Multiple location
Yes	5	5	10.136 (2.045-50.237)	0.005
No	28	258	Ref.
Lesion size
≥ 2 cm	15	40	3.921 (1.664-9.237)	0.002
< 2 cm	18	223	Ref.
Ulceration
Yes	16	74	2.730 (1.197-6.223)	0.017
No	17	189	Ref.
H. pylori infection
Yes	29	163	3.560 (1.158-10.949)	0.027
No	4	100	Ref.

H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.