Prediction of pathological complete response and prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer

Table 1 Characteristics of patients with or without pathologic complete response

Factors	n (%)
Gender
Male	97 (75.8)
Female	31 (24.2)
Age group (yr)
≤ 60	65 (50.8)
> 60	63 (49.2)
BMI (kg/m2)
< 18.5	9 (7.0)
18.5-23.9	64 (50.0)
≥ 24	55 (43.0)
cT stage
cT3	105 (82.0)
cT4	23 (18.0)
cN stage
cN0	11 (8.6)
cN+	117 (91.4)
Distance from the anal verge to rectal cancer (cm)
≤ 5	65 (51.6)
> 5	62 (48.4)
Tumor size (cm)
≤ 5.75	95 (74.2)
> 5.75	33 (25.8)
Tumor circumference proportion
≤ 1/2	18 (14.1)
> 1/2	110 (85.9)
Chemotherapy
XELOX	88 (68.8)
Capecitabine monotherapy	7 (5.5)
Others	33 (25.8)
Time interval (wk)
≤ 6	15 (11.7)
6-10	85 (66.4)
> 10	28 (21.9)
CEA (ng/mL)
≤ 5	73 (57.0)
> 5	55 (43.0)
CA199 (U/mL)
≤ 37	105 (82.0)
> 37	23 (18.0)
CA125 (U/mL)
≤ 35	124 (96.9)
> 35	4 (3.1)
CA153 (U/mL)
≤ 25	126 (98.4)
> 25	2 (1.6)
CA724 (U/mL)
≤ 8	118 (92.2)
> 8	10 (7.8)
NLR
≤ 3.05	92 (71.9)
> 3.05	36 (28.1)
PLR
≤ 117.08	46 (35.9)
> 117.08	82 (64.1)
LMR
≤ 2.73	24 (18.8)
> 2.73	104 (81.2)
SII
≤ 284.51	16 (12.5)
> 284.51	112 (87.5)
PIV
≤ 102.41	17 (13.3)
> 102.41	111 (86.7)
pCR
Yes	42 (32.8)
No	86 (67.2)

BMI: Body mass index; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; NLR: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; PLR: Platelet to lymphocyte ratio; LMR: Lymphocyte to monocyte ratio; SII: Systemic immune-inflammation index; PIV: Pan immune inflammation value; pCR: Pathologic complete response.

Table 2 Univariate analysis of pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer

Factor	Non-pCR (n = 86)	pCR (n = 42)	χ2	P value
Gender			0.64	0.422
Male	67	30
Female	19	12
Age group (yr)			0.015	0.902
≤ 60	44	21
> 60	42	21
BMI (kg/m2)			0.162	0.922
< 18.5	6	3
18.5-23.9	42	22
≥ 24	38	17
cT stage			0.575	0.448
cT3	69	36
cT4	17	6
cN stage			-	0.750
cN0	7	4
cN+	79	38
Distance from the anal verge to rectal cancer (cm)			0.061	0.805
≤ 5	45	21
> 5	41	21
Tumor size (cm)			4.317	0.038
≤ 5.75	59	36
> 5.75	27	6
Tumor circumference proportion			0.351	0.554
≤ 1/2	11	7
> 1/2	75	35
Chemotherapy			2.313	0.323
XELOX	59	29
Capecitabine monotherapy	3	4
Others	24	9
Time interval (wk)			-	0.028
≤ 6	12	3
6-10	61	24
> 10	13	15
CEA (ng/mL)			5.288	0.021
≤ 5	43	30
> 5	43	12
CA199 (U/mL)			1.559	0.212
≤ 37	68	37
> 37	18	5
CA125 (U/mL)			-	0.597
≤ 35	84	40
> 35	2	2
CA153 (U/mL)			-	0.550
≤ 25	85	41
> 25	1	1
CA724 (U/mL)			-	0.295
≤ 8	81	37
> 8	5	5
NLR			1.781	0.182
≤ 3.05	65	27
> 3.05	21	15
PLR			0.675	0.411
≤ 117.08	33	13
> 117.08	53	29
LMR			5.528	0.019
≤ 2.73	21	3
> 2.73	65	39
SII			1.640	0.200
≤ 284.51	13	3
> 284.51	73	39
PIV			0.766	0.381
≤ 102.41	13	4
> 102.41	73	38

BMI: Body mass index; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; NLR: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; PLR: Platelet to lymphocyte ratio; LMR: Lymphocyte to monocyte ratio; SII: Systemic immune-inflammation index; PIV: Pan immune inflammation value; pCR: Pathologic complete response.

Table 3 Multivariate analysis of pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer

Factor	OR	95%CI	P value
Tumor size > 5.75 cm	0.440	0.156-1.235	0.119
Time interval			0.039
≤ 6 wk	reference		-
6-10 wk	1.602	0.391-6.562	-
> 10 wk	4.854	1.045-22.540	-
CEA > 5 ng/mL	0.405	0.172-0.954	0.039
LMR > 2.73	4.761	1.236-18.338	0.023

CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; LMR: Lymphocyte to monocyte ratio; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.