Clinicopathological differences, risk factors and prognostic scores for western patients with intestinal and diffuse-type gastric cancer

Table 1 Univariate analyses: Differences between intestinal and diffuse subtypes (Chi-squared and Student’s t tests)

Feature	P value	OR, diffuse (95%CI)1
Age	< 0.001
Depth	0.004
Macroscopic type	0.001
Polypoid		0.86 (0.45-1.65)
Flat		3.16 (1.49-6.71)
Ulcerative		1.54 (0.9-2.65)
Fungoid		0.38 (0.21-0.69)
Local symptoms	0.004	0.4 (0.2-0.75)
Necrosis	0.006	0.39 (0.2-0.77)
Perineural infiltration	< 0.001	2.98 (1.78-5)
Intratumoral inflammation	0.054
No		0.63 (0.28-1.38)
Mild		2.08 (1.07-4.03)
High		0.68 (0.38-1.2)
Desmoplasia	< 0.001	0.29 (0.16-0.54)
Microsatellite instability	0.023	0.16 (0.02-0.28)
HERCEPTEST 2+/3+	0.018	0.07 (0.02-0.24)
T stage	0.02
T1		0.41 (0.19-0.88)
T2		0.74 (0.39-1.4)
T3		1.25 (0.76-2.05)
T4		2.08 (1.08-3.99)
N stage	0.02
N0		0.5 (0.3-0.85)
N1		0.8 (0.4-1.6)
N2		1.93 (1.04-3.55)
N3		1.62 (0.9-2.93)
Metastatic lymph nodes	0.005
Lymph node ratio	< 0.001
Adjuvant therapy	0.022	2.14 (1.11-4.15)
Recurrence	< 0.001	2.63 (1.55-4.47)
Death	< 0.001	2.82 (1.56-5.09)

¹Odds ratios have been calculated for diffuse vs intestinal subtype.

Table 2 Multivariate analysis: Variables independently related to Laurén subtypes

Factor	P value	HR	95%CI for HR1
			Lower	Upper
Lymph node ratio	0.012	9.463	1.655	54.091
Depth	0.037	1.108	1.006	1.220
Desmoplasia	0.014	0.323	0.131	0.798
Macroscopy
Polypoid	0.011
Flat	0.006	10.002	1.928	51.895
Ulcerative	0.027	4.536	1.189	17.307
Fungoid	0.686	1.318	0.345	5.030

¹Hazard ratios have been calculated using the intestinal type as a reference.

Table 3 Independent risk factors for tumor recurrence and cancer-specific death in intestinal and diffuse-type gastric cancer

Dependent variable	Factor	P value	HR	95%CI for HR
				Lower	Upper
Intestinal type GC
Tumor death (OS)	LNR	0.004	32.424	3.057	343.96
	Growth	0.052
	Expansive
	Infiltrative		4.678	0.987	22.177
Recurrence (DFS)	LNR	0.03	3.758	1.138	12.411
	Vascular invasion	0.005	2.829	1.379	5.806
	T stage	0.056
	T1-2		1
	T3-4		2.193	0.98	4.909
Diffuse type GC
Tumor death (OS)	LNR	0.026	5.729	1.234	26.599
	Necrosis	0.008	4.234	1.460	12.278
Recurrence (DFS)	Size	0.001	1.018	1.005	1.030
	LNR	< 0.001	11.420	3.895	33.477

DFS: disease-free survival; GC: Gastric cancer; LNR: Lymph node ratio; OS: overall survival.

Table 4 Prognostic scores for patients with intestinal-type gastric cancer

Dependent variable	Death		Recurrence
Features	Growth		T stage
	Expansive	0	T1-2	0
	Infiltrative	5	T3-4	2
	LNR	× 32	LNR	× 4
			Vascular invasion	3
Total score	0-37		0-9
Stages
S1	0		0
S2	> 0-5		> 0-2
S3	> 5-14		> 2-< 5
S4	> 14		5-9

LNR: Lymph node ratio.

Table 5 Prognostic scores for patients with diffuse-type gastric cancer

Dependent variable	Death			Recurrence
Features	Necrosis		4	Size in mm	× 1
	LNR		× 6	LNR	× 11
Total	0-10			0-120
Stages
S1	0-< 1.5			0-20
S2	1.5-4			> 20-60
S3	> 4			> 60

LNR: Lymph node ratio.