Robotic resection of liver focal nodal hyperplasia guided by indocyanine green fluorescence imaging: A preliminary analysis of 23 cases

Table 1 Patient characteristics

Patient No./sex/age (yr)	Location segment	Operation time (min)	EBL (mL)	Tumor size (cm)	PHS (d)
1/F/28	II/III	80	20	5	4
2/M/20	IVb	50	10	3.5	3
3/M/21	IVb	90	50	4.5	3
4/F/36	VII	130	20	5	6
5/M/32	Iva	123	200	3	1
6/F/29	I	150	100	4	3
7/M/49	II/III	70	20	4.3	1
8/M/31	VII	230	400	4	51
9/F/14	V/VI	280	300	13	72
10/M/48	VI	137	200	5	42
11/F/40	IVb	120	10	8.5	2
12/M/25	VIII	200	200	5.4	4
13/M/24	VI	150	200	11	6
14/M/37	VI	41	20	2	3
15/F/35	VII	90	50	5.2	4
16/F/36	II/III	130	50	2.2	4
17/M/30	I	125	100	7	3
18/M/28	IVb	100	50	6	4
19/M/29	VIII	100	100	5	4
20/F/31	VIII	60	10	3.5	2
21/F/24	II/III	35	10	9	4
22/F/13	II/III/IV	340	800	10	63
23/F/41	IVb	60	10	3	3

¹Indicates conversion to open surgery.

²Indicates postoperative biliary fistula.

³Indicates intraoperative blood transfusion. EBL: Estimated blood loss; PHS: Postoperative hospital stay; F: Female; M: Male.

Table 2 Comparison between patients with large (≥ 5 cm) and small (< 5 cm) tumor robotic resection (n = 22)

Variable	Large tumor (n = 13)	Small tumor (n = 9)	P value
Age (yr)	28.8 ± 9.65	32.7 ± 8.71	0.831
Percentage of females (%)	61.5	40.0	0.414
Operation time (IQR, min)	80.0	77.5	0.148
EBL, median (IQR, mL)	180.0	115.0	0.284
PHS (IQR, d)	2.0	1.5	0.006
Morbidity rate (%)	15.4	10.0	1.000

IQR: Interquartile range; EBL: Estimated blood loss; PHS: Postoperative hospital stay.