Digestive tract reconstruction options after laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer

Table 1 Summary of reconstruction procedures after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy

Ref.	Publication year	Reconstruc-tion procedure	n	Length of surgery, min (mean ± SD or range)	Blood loss, mL (mean ± SD or range)	Anastomotic leakage (n)	Anastomotic stricture (n)	Stasis (n)
Fukunaga et al[51]	2018	B-I (augmented rectangle technique)	160	227 ± 75	47.3 ± 50	0	0	0
Lin et al[52]	2016	LTDG BI	158	154.4 ± 30.1	51.1 ± 30.9	5	0	NA
		LADG BI	484	155.6 ± 46.2	61.6 ± 78.3	1	0	NA
Jeong et al[20]	2015	Intracorporeal B-I	42	116 ± 23	105 ± 69	0	NA	1
		Extracorporeal B-I	179	142 ± 19	50 ± 39	2	NA	5
Jian-Cheng et al[53]	2015	DA	24	175.3 ± 64.7	50.8 ± 25.3	NA	NA	NA
Lee et al[24]	2015	DA	138	220.4 ± 70.5	99.8 ± 99.0	2	2	NA
		B-I	100	220.5 ± 64.7	133.3 ± 152.1	0	4	NA
Jang et al[27]	2015	Overlap	42	228.3 ± 42.5	NA	0	0	5
Watanabe et al[28]	2019	B-I	247	203 (107–418)	10 (0–380)	4	0	3
		R-Y	286	257 (134–495)	27.5 (1–915)	5	3	11
Toyomasu et al[54]	2018	B-I	123	191.2 ± 51.6	58.2 ± 45.3	1	0	0
		R-Y	24	244.5 ± 40.2	84.8 ± 60.9	0	0	2
Okuno et al[55]	2018	R-Y	159	320 ± 65	61 ± 109	4	1	NA
		B-I (β)	78	250 ± 61	70 ± 100	3	3	NA
Kim et al[43]	2015	B-I	165	173.4 ± 44.7	92.1 ± 92.1	3	4	NA
		B-II	371	198.7 ± 48.5	172.2 ± 130.8	2	2	NA
		R-Y	161	185.7 ± 55.5	87.1 ± 65.9	1	3	NA
Kim et al[56]	2017	B-II LADG	60	205.0 ± 22.4	117.2 ± 81.6	NA	NA	NA
		B-II LTDG	60	197.3 ± 40.1	100.5 ± 36.8	NA	NA	NA
Cui et al[57]	2017	R-Y	30	157.3 ± 33.9	89.2 ± 85.5	1	NA	NA
		B-II + Braun	26	134.6 ± 28.8	96.0 ± 89.8	0	NA	NA
In Choi et al[58]	2016	B-II + Braun	26	198.1 ± 33.0	161.7 ± 146.6	NA	1	NA
		R-Y	40	242.3 ± 58.1	245.0 ± 207.0	NA	1	NA
Du et al[59]	2019	R-Y	24	203.6 ± 26.2	168.3 ± 83.1	0	0	2
Seo et al[60]	2018	Uncut R-Y	30	170.0 ± 26.0	122.8 ± 109.0	0	0	4
Ma et al[61]	2017	Uncut R-Y	51	170 (135-210)	60 (30-110)	0	0	0
Zang et al[62]	2018	Uncut R-Y (ERAS)	20	217.9 ± 52.5	166.1 ± 12.5	NA	0	0
		Uncut R-Y (control)	22	225.4 ± 61.7	150.9 ± 31.7	NA	0	0
Park et al[63]	2018	Uncut R-Y	230	185.0 [150.0; 230.0]	100.0 [50.0; 150.0]	NA	6	2
		R-Y	46	200.0 [180.0; 230.0]	100.0 [50.0; 100.0]	NA	0	3
Yang et al[50]	2017	Uncut Roux-en-Y	79	154.8 ± 17.8	74.1 ± 26.7	NA	NA	NA
		B-II	79	145.5 ± 15.1	74.0 ± 36.6	NA	NA	NA

NA: Not available; R-Y: Rox-en-Y reconstruction; Uncut R-Y: Uncut-Rox-en-Y reconstruction; DA: Delta-shaped anastomosis.

Table 2 Summary of reconstruction procedures after laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy

Ref.	Publication year	Reconstruc-tion procedure	n	Length of surgery, min (mean ± SD or range)	Blood loss, mL (mean ± SD or range)	Esophagitis reflux (n)	Anastomotic leakage (n)	Anastomotic stricture (n)
Nomura et al[80]	2019	DTR	15	352.5 ± 67.3	90.5 ± 105.5	1	0	1
		JI	15	322.5 ± 24.2	46.8 ± 69.8	1	0	1
Aburatani et al[78]	2017	DTR	19	325.7 ± 66.9	131.4 ± 118.7	2	0	0
		EGS	22	290.3 ± 55.1	132.0 ± 129.7	12	0	6
Tanaka et al[84]	2017	DTR	10	285 (146–440)	0 (0–25)	20	0	0
Yang et al[85]	2015	DTR	16	219.6 ± 48.6	101.5 ± 71.6	0	0	0
Hong et al[86]	2015	DTR	21	173.8 ± 21.8	109.2 ± 96.3	1	0	0
Cho et al[81]	2018	DTR	38	217.7 ± 53.0	100.2 ± 92.0	0	1	0
		TG	42	226.9 ± 66.2	118.8 ± 157.2	3	4	2
Park et al[82]	2018	DTR	34	212.9 ± 32.6	30 (6-600)	NA	NA	NA
		TG	46	240.7 ± 43.9	59 (20-85)	NA	NA	NA
Jung et al[79]	2017	DTR	92	198.3 ± 38.8	84.7 ± 81.7	1	2	3
		TG	156	225.4 ± 51.6	128.3 ± 112.5	3	3	2
Kim et al[83]	2016	DTR	17	268.2±40.9	NA	2	0	0
		TG	17	270.2±43.4	NA	1	0	1

NA: Not available; TG: Total gastrectomy; EGS: Esophagogastrostomy; JI: Jejunal interposition; DTR: Double tract reconstruction.

Table 3 Summary of reconstruction procedures after laparoscopic total gastrectomy

Ref.	Publication year	LS or CS	EJS procedure	N	Length of surgery, min (mean ± SD or range)	Blood loss, mL (mean ± SD or range)	Anastomotic leakage (n)	Anastomotic stricture (n)
Tokuhara et al[99]	2018	CS	OrVilTM	24	NA	NA	1	2
Brenkman et al[114]	2016	CS	OrVilTM	47	301 (148–454)	300 (30–900)	7	NA
Ali et al[115]	2016	CS	RPM	58	199.8 ± 57.0	81.6 ± 40.3	3	5
Wang et al[96]	2015	CS	OrVilTM	42	287.8 ± 38.4	96.4 ± 32.7	0	2
			RPM	42	271.8 ± 46.1	88.2 ± 36.9	1	2
Li et al[103]	2017	CS	OrVilTM	19	NA	NA	0	1
			RPM	24	NA	NA	1	0
Lu et al[98]	2016	CS	OrVilTM	25	216.5 ± 24.9	141.2 ± 121.1	0	0
			LATG-PSI	25	224.0 ± 30.5	138.8 ± 79.9	0	0
Duan et al[116]	2017	CS	End-to-side EJS	176	250.0 ± 54.1	114.1 ± 74.0	7	11
			Semi-end-to-end EJS	92	238.0 ± 50.4 0.079	110.5 ± 82.8	1	0
Kyogoku et al[108]	2018	CS	OrVilTM / RPM	83	330 (123–627)	100 (0–1108)	3	6
		LS	FEEA/overlap	208	297 (171–553)	23 (0–1070)	4	7
Lee et al[117]	2017	LS	Overlap	50	144.6 ± 29.9	NA	0	0
Son et al[118]	2017	LS	Overlap	27	171.1 ± 50.9	119.4 ± 107.1	0	0
Kitagami et al[119]	2016	LS	Overlap	100	379 (248–649)	65 (5–750)	0	0
Miura et al[107]	2017	LS	FEEA	120	350.8	0	2	1
			Overlap	48	402.5	6.5	3	0
Yoshikawa et al[112]	2018	CS	OrVilTM	36	345 ± 9.9	45 ± 15	0	3
		LS	Overlap	47	398 ± 8	126 ± 13	2	0
Kawamura et al[97]	2017	CS	OrVilTM	49	259.5 ± 51.4	53.3 ± 70.0	2	2
		LS	Overlap	139	276.5 ± 53.0	69.7 ± 116.6	1	0
Yasukawa et al[100]	2017	CS	OrVilTM	51	346.1 ± 52.7	34 (10-556)	2	0
		LS	FEEA	18	348.4 ± 53.5	35 (10-750)	0	1
Gong et al[109]	2017	CS	NA	266	170 (65-453)	NA	15	3
		LS	NA	421	149 (75-342)	NA	15	2
Huang et al[110]	2017	CS	NA	456	203.6 ± 49.3	98.4 ± 149.1	22	4
		LS	IJOM (overlap)	51	209.3 ± 41.0	48.3 ± 38.5	1	0
Chen et al[111]	2016	CS	RPM	18	305.6 ± 45.9 (250-380)	80.6 ± 29.4 (50-160)	1	1
		LS	FEEA	22	266.8 ± 38.7 (230-360)	86.4 ± 39.7 (50-200)	0	0
Kim et al[120]	2016	CS	PSI	29	230.3 ± 56.5	106.3 ± 70.3	0	1
		LS	Overlap	27	228.9 ± 33.6	90.9 ± 46.0	1	0
Chen et al[88]	2016	CS + LS	CS + LS	40	284.3 ± 45.6 (230–380)	83.8 ± 35.2 (30–200)	1	3
			Hand-sewn	59	257.4 ± 47.2 (170–350)	87.6 ± 42.4 (30–200)	0	0

CS: Circular stapler; LS: Linear stapler; RPM: Reverse puncture method; EJS: Esophagojejunostomy; FEEA: Functional end-to-end anastomosis; PSI: Purse-string instrument; IJOM: Isoperistaltic jejunum-later-cut overlap method; NA: Not available.