Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization as neoadjuvant therapy pre-liver transplantation for advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

Figure 1 Tumor staining. A: Abdominal arteriogram showing the arteries supplying the tumor, the tumor itself, portal vein tumor thrombus staining, and a portal fistula; B: Cessation of embolism with stasis in the artery supplying the tumor and the disappearance of tumor staining.

Figure 2 The patient was treated with drug-eluting bead transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus. A and B: Visible intrahepatic mass (A) and obvious enhancement of portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) III (B); C and D: After drug-eluting bead transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, the mass (C) and PVTT (D) showed extensive necrosis (C), and enhanced computed tomography showed a few enhanced lesions in the arterial phase: Modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors efficacy was evaluated for partial response.

Figure 3 Kaplan-Meier analysis of survival outcomes in patients. A: Recurrence-free survival comparisons; B: Overall diameter of target tumors; C: Alpha-fetoprotein level before liver transplantation; D: Macrovascular invasion. DEB-TACE: Drug-eluting bead transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; LT: Liver transplantation.

Figure 4 Kaplan-Meier analysis of survival outcomes in patients. A: Overall survival comparisons; B: Overall diameter of target tumors. DEB-TACE: Drug-eluting bead transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

Figure 5 Two-year recurrence-free survival rates and overall survival rates comparisons in subgroup analyses. A: Patients without portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT); B: Patients with segmental PVTT.