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©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Feb 15, 2023; 15(2): 240-250
Published online Feb 15, 2023. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i2.240
Published online Feb 15, 2023. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i2.240
Figure 1 Difference between cold and hot colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is divided into hot and cold subtypes. Hot CRC mainly includes the deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR)/high microsatellite instability (MSI-H), consensus molecular subtype (CMS)1, and CMS4 subtypes, while cold CRC includes the proficient mismatch repair (pMMR)/low microsatellite instability (MSI-L), CMS2, and CMS3 subtypes. NK: Natural killer; Tregs: Regulatory T cells.
- Citation: Liu JL, Yang M, Bai JG, Liu Z, Wang XS. “Cold” colorectal cancer faces a bottleneck in immunotherapy. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15(2): 240-250
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v15/i2/240.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v15.i2.240