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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Nov 15, 2021; 13(11): 1668-1679
Published online Nov 15, 2021. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i11.1668
Figure 1
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Figure 1 Metabolic mechanisms of ferroptosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. A: Lipid metabolism; B: Iron metabolism[25]; C: Autophagy[26-28]; D: Amino acid metabolism[29-31]. ACSL4: Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4; ALOXs: Arachidonate lipoxygenases; ATG5: Autophagy-related 5; ATG7: Autophagy-related 7; CoQ10: Coenzyme Q10; CoQ10H2: Ubiquinol-10; DIAPH3: Diaphanous homolog 3; FSP1: Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1; GPX4: Glutathione peroxidase 4; GSH/GSSG: Glutathione; KEAP1: Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1; LPCAT3: Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3; LTF: Lactotransferrin; NAD(P)H: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NCOA4: Nuclear receptor coactivator 4; NEDD4L: Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like; NRF2: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; P62/SQSTM1: Sequestosome 1; PIR: Pirin; PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acids; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; SLC3A2: Solute carrier family 3 member 2; SLC7A11: Solute carrier family 7 member 11; STEAP3: Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3; TF: Transferrin; TrxR1: Thioredoxin reductase 1.
Figure 2
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Figure 2 Iron transport. DMT1: Divalent metal transporter 1; LCN2: Lipocalin-2; LTF: Lactotransferrin; NEDD4L: Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like. SD: Siderophore; STEAP3: Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 3; TFR1: Transferrin receptor 1; TFR2: Transferrin receptor 2.
Figure 3
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Figure 3 Regulatory molecules of ferroptosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. ARF6: ADP ribosylation factor 6; ATG5/7: Autophagy-related 5/7; BCAT2: Branched-chain amino acid transaminase 2; cGAS: Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; FBW7: F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7;IREB2: Iron-responsive element-binding protein 2; HSPA5: Heat shock 70-kDa protein 5; LTF: Lactotransferrin; MGST: Microsomal glutathione transferase 1; NCOA4: Nuclear receptor coactivator 4; NEDD4L: Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like; NR4A1: Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1; PIR: Pirin; RSL3: RAS-selective lethal small molecule 3; SAT1: Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1; SCD1: Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1. STING1: Stimulator of interferon genes; TFAM: Transcription factor A, mitochondrial.