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Rokan Z, Simillis C, Kontovounisios C, Moran B, Tekkis P, Brown G. Locally Recurrent Rectal Cancer According to a Standardized MRI Classification System: A Systematic Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123511. [PMID: 35743581 PMCID: PMC9224654 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The classification of locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) is not currently standardized. The aim of this review was to evaluate pelvic LRRC according to the Beyond TME (BTME) classification system and to consider commonly associated primary tumour characteristics. (2) Methods: A systematic review of the literature prior to April 2020 was performed through electronic searches of the Science Citation Index Expanded, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL databases. The primary outcome was to assess the location and frequency of previously classified pelvic LRRC and translate this information into the BTME system. Secondary outcomes were assessing primary tumour characteristics. (3) Results: A total of 58 eligible studies classified 4558 sites of LRRC, most commonly found in the central compartment (18%), following anterior resection (44%), in patients with an 'advanced' primary tumour (63%) and following neoadjuvant radiotherapy (29%). Most patients also classified had a low rectal primary tumour. The lymph node status of the primary tumour leading to LRRC was comparable, with 52% node positive versus 48% node negative tumours. (4) Conclusions: This review evaluates the largest number of LRRCs to date using a single classification system. It has also highlighted the need for standardized reporting in order to optimise perioperative treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zena Rokan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (C.S.); (P.T.); (G.B.)
- Pelican Cancer Foundation, Basingstoke RG24 9NN, UK;
- Correspondence: (Z.R.); (C.K.)
| | - Constantinos Simillis
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (C.S.); (P.T.); (G.B.)
- Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Christos Kontovounisios
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (C.S.); (P.T.); (G.B.)
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 6JJ, UK
- Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK
- Correspondence: (Z.R.); (C.K.)
| | - Brendan Moran
- Pelican Cancer Foundation, Basingstoke RG24 9NN, UK;
- Basingstoke & North Hampshire Hospital, Basingstoke RG24 9NA, UK
| | - Paris Tekkis
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (C.S.); (P.T.); (G.B.)
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Gina Brown
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (C.S.); (P.T.); (G.B.)
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Artificial Intelligence Algorithm-Based Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the Treatment of Glioma Biopsy. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:5411801. [PMID: 35386726 PMCID: PMC8967554 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5411801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at exploring the application value of positron emission tomography (PET) + magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology based on convolutional neural network (CNN) in the biopsy and treatment of intracranial glioma. 35 patients with preoperatively suspicious gliomas were selected as the research objects. Their imaging images were processed using CNN. They were performed with the preoperative head MRI, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET, and ethylcholine (FECH) PET scans to construct the cancer tissue contours. In addition, the performance of CNN was evaluated, and the postoperative pathology of patients was analyzed. The results suggested that the CNN-based PET + MRI technology showed a recognition accuracy of 97% for images. Semiquantitative analysis was adopted to analyze the standard uptake value (SUV). It was found that the SUVFDG and SUVFECH of grade II/III glioma were 9.77 ± 4.87 and 1.82 ± 0.50, respectively, and the SUVFDG and SUVFECH of grade IV glioma were 13.91 ± 1.83 and 3.65 ± 0.34, respectively. According to FDG PET, the mean value of SUV on the lesion side of grade IV glioma was greater than that of grade II-III glioma, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05), and similar results were obtained on FECH PET. It showed that CNN-based PET + MRI fusion technology can effectively improve the recognition effect of glioma, can more accurately determine the scope of glioma lesions, and can predict the degree of malignant glioma to a certain extent.
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Haria PD, Baheti AD, Palsetia D, Ankathi SK, Choudhari A, Guha A, Saklani A, Sinha R. Follow-up of colorectal cancer and patterns of recurrence. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:908-915. [PMID: 34474747 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the commonest cancers detected as also amongst the most common causes of cancer death. Survival has improved due to better disease understanding and treatment; however, a substantial proportion of patients recur after curative intent therapy. In this article, we will discuss the imaging features of recurrent colorectal cancer and the role of the radiologist in its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Haria
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A D Baheti
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - D Palsetia
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S K Ankathi
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Choudhari
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Guha
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Saklani
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India; Department of GI Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - R Sinha
- South Warwickshire NHS Foundation Trust, Warwick, UK
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Pallan A, Dedelaite M, Mirajkar N, Newman PA, Plowright J, Ashraf S. Postoperative complications of colorectal cancer. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:896-907. [PMID: 34281707 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer, and surgery is the most common treatment. Several surgical options are available, but each is associated with a range of potential complications. The timely and efficient identification of these complications is vital for effective clinical management of these patients in order to minimise their morbidity and mortality. This review aims to describe the range of commonly performed surgical treatments for colorectal surgery. In addition, frequent post-surgical complications are explored with investigative options explained and illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pallan
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK.
| | - M Dedelaite
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK
| | - N Mirajkar
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK
| | - P A Newman
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK
| | - J Plowright
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK
| | - S Ashraf
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS FT, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK
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Matsuoka T, Yashiro M. Precision medicine for gastrointestinal cancer: Recent progress and future perspective. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 12:1-20. [PMID: 31966910 PMCID: PMC6960076 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v12.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer has a high tumor incidence and mortality rate worldwide. Despite significant improvements in radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy for GI cancer over the last decade, GI cancer is characterized by high recurrence rates and a dismal prognosis. There is an urgent need for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Recent technological advances and the accumulation of clinical data are moving toward the use of precision medicine in GI cancer. Here we review the application and status of precision medicine in GI cancer. Analyses of liquid biopsy specimens provide comprehensive real-time data of the tumor-associated changes in an individual GI cancer patient with malignancy. With the introduction of gene panels including next-generation sequencing, it has become possible to identify a variety of mutations and genetic biomarkers in GI cancer. Although the genomic aberration of GI cancer is apparently less actionable compared to other solid tumors, novel informative analyses derived from comprehensive gene profiling may lead to the discovery of precise molecular targeted drugs. These progressions will make it feasible to incorporate clinical, genome-based, and phenotype-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and apply them to individual GI cancer patients for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Matsuoka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5458585, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5458585, Japan
- Oncology Institute of Geriatrics and Medical Science, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5458585, Japan
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Jia CM, Feng SY, Li Y, Cao ZX, Wu CP, Zhai YZ, Cui J, Zhang M, Gao J. Procalcitonin for predicting catheter-associated bloodstream infection: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18546. [PMID: 31876752 PMCID: PMC6946251 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The predictive accuracies of procalcitonin (PCT) in the diagnosis of catheter-associated bloodstream infection (CABSI) vary widely. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the predictive value of PCT for CABSI. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and studies published up to 10 March 2019. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated to evaluate PCT predictive value using Stata 14.0 software. RESULTS The meta-analysis was composed of 7 studies, consisting of 347 subjects. Pooled analysis demonstrated that a high PCT was significantly correlated with CABSI (pooled OR = 23.36, 95%CI 12.43-43.91, P < .001) and medium heterogenicity (I = 36.9%, P = .147). The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 85% (95%CI 0.76-0.91) and 89% (95%CI 0.68-0.97), respectively. Although Begg funnel plot (P = .007) indicated the presence of publication bias among the included studies, the stability of the pooled outcomes was verified by the trim-and-fill method. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses did not show important differences in effect estimation. CONCLUSION PCT is an effective predictor of CABSI. However, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to determine whether PCT could predict CABSI.
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