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Sun HT. Helicobacter pylori-related serum indicators: Cutting-edge advances to enhance the efficacy of gastric cancer screening. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2025; 17:100739. [PMID: 40092953 PMCID: PMC11866254 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.100739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 12/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 02/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection induces pathological changes via chronic inflammation and virulence factors, thereby increasing the risk of gastric cancer development. Compared with invasive examination methods, H. pylori-related serum indicators are cost-effective and valuable for the early detection of gastric cancer (GC); however, large-scale clinical validation and sufficient understanding of the specific molecular mechanisms involved are lacking. Therefore, a comprehensive review and analysis of recent advances in this field is necessary. In this review, we systematically analyze the relationship between H. pylori and GC and discuss the application of new molecular biomarkers in GC screening. We also summarize the screening potential and application of anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G and virulence factor-related serum antibodies for identifying GC risk. These indicators provide early warning of infection and enhance screening accuracy. Additionally, we discuss the potential combination of multiple screening indicators for the comprehensive analysis and development of emerging testing methods to improve the accuracy and efficiency of GC screening. Although this review may lack sufficient evidence due to limitations in existing studies, including small sample sizes, regional variations, and inconsistent testing methods, it contributes to advancing personalized precision medicine in high-risk populations and developing GC screening strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Tian Sun
- Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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2
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Zhu TY, Hu P, Mi YH, Zhang JL, Xu AN, Gao MT, Zhang YY, Shen SB, Yang GM, Pan Y. Telomerase reverse transcriptase gene knock-in unleashes enhanced longevity and accelerated damage repair in mice. Aging Cell 2024:e14445. [PMID: 39660787 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 10/24/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024] Open
Abstract
While previous research has demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) overexpression using adeno-associated virus and cytomegalovirus vectors to combat aging, the broader implications of TERT germline gene editing on the mammalian genome, proteomic composition, phenotypes, lifespan extension, and damage repair remain largely unexplored. In this study, we elucidate the functional properties of transgenic mice carrying the Tert transgene, guided by precise gene targeting into the Rosa26 locus via embryonic stem (ES) cells under the control of the elongation factor 1α (EF1α) promoter. The Tert knock-in (TertKI) mice harboring the EF1α-Tert gene displayed elevated telomerase activity, elongated telomeres, and extended lifespan, with no spontaneous genotoxicity or carcinogenicity. The TertKI mice showed also enhanced wound healing, characterized by significantly increased expression of Fgf7, Vegf, and collagen. Additionally, TertKI mice exhibited robust resistance to the progression of colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), accompanied by reduced expression of disease-deteriorating genes. These findings foreshadow the potential of TertKI as an extraordinary rejuvenation force, promising not only longevity but also rejuvenation in skin and intestinal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yi Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Po Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Hui Mi
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - An-Na Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming-Tong Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - San-Bing Shen
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Guang-Ming Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Kong M, Xu X, Xiang L, Wang C, Jiang T, Zhang X, Xie P. Case report: Ovarian steroid cell tumor with CA72-4 elevated. Gynecol Endocrinol 2024; 40:2400943. [PMID: 39254063 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2400943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian steroid cell tumor, not otherwise specified (SCT-NOS), is a rare subtype of sex cord-stromal tumor, characterized by hirsutism and virilization. There are, however, few tumor markers reported in the tumor. The following is a case report. Six years ago, the patient underwent a left adnexectomy after being diagnosed with a yolk sac tumor. Her serum CA72-4 levels were significantly elevated when she was diagnosed with SCT-NOS. She suffered from hirsutism and oligomenorrhea with long menstrual cycles. SCT-NOS was confirmed by her histopathological examination. When the tumor was diagnosed, serum CA72-4 levels were elevated. Following tumor resection, serum CA72-4 levels returned to the average reference interval. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was utilized to identify ten mutations in MKI67, TICAM1, CHD3, ARID5B, ERBB4, POLD1, FZR1, MTCP1, TBX3, and CLTC genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Longquan Xiang
- Department of Pathology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Changhe Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Pengmu Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
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Khan F, Abdulla N, du Plessis TL, Karlsson K, Barrow P, Bebington B, Gu L, Kaur M. Identification and Validation of Biomarkers to Predict Early Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Progression to Colorectal Cancer. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10917-z. [PMID: 39325241 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10917-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a common global health problem as prevalence continues to rise. It is often associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Limitations in current IBD biomarker-based diagnosis hinder the accuracy of early detection of CRC progression. Therefore, in this study, we proposed the use of transcription factor (TF)-based biomarkers that can potentially detect the transition of IBD to CRC. Various bioinformatic analysis and online database validations, and RT-qPCR validations were performed to identify possible diagnostic TFs. RUNX1 was identified as a promising TF that regulates 106 IBD/CRC-related genes. The incorporation of RUNX1 in combination with currently known IBD biomarkers, FEV + NFKB1 + RELA, achieved a comparable sensitivity and specificity scores of 99% and 87%, respectively, while RUNX1 in combination with known CRC markers, CEA + TIMP1 + CA724 + CA199, achieved a sensitivity and specificity score of 97% and 99%, respectively. Furthermore, a small pilot RT-qPCR-based analysis confirmed a demarcated shift in expression profiles in CA724, CEA, RUNX1 and TIMP1 in IBD patients compared to CRC patients' tissue samples. Specifically, CA724 is noticeably elevated in IBD, while the levels of CEA, RUNX1 with TIMP1 are probable genes that may be employed in discerning IBD progression to CRC. Therefore, these preliminary results once validated in large patient cohorts could potentially have a significant impact on CRC disease stratification, resulting in a more precise prediction for treatment and treatment outcomes, especially in South African patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Khan
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, WITS-2050, South Africa
| | - Naaziyah Abdulla
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, WITS-2050, South Africa
| | - Thea-Leonie du Plessis
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, WITS-2050, South Africa
| | - Kay Karlsson
- Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Park Town, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Peter Barrow
- Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Park Town, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Brendan Bebington
- Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Park Town, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Liang Gu
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, WITS-2050, South Africa
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, WITS-2050, South Africa.
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Zhou D, Fan X, Xie S, Lu M, Gao L, Zhang R, Zhu M. Clinical application of serum CST4 combined with tumor markers in the diagnosis of digestive system malignant tumors. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:384. [PMID: 38966578 PMCID: PMC11222915 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of plasma human cystatin-S (CST4) in patients with digestive system malignant tumors. CST4 and tumor markers, such as α-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA)199, CA125, CA153 and CA724, were detected in blood samples from 100 patients with a digestive system malignant tumor and 100 patients with benign digestive system diseases. The tumor markers AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125, CA153 and CA724 were detected using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, and CST4 levels were detected using a human CST4 ELISA kit. The results demonstrated that the sensitivities of AFP and CA153 (both 5.00%) were significantly lower than that of CST4 (38.00%) in the diagnosis of digestive system malignancy (P<0.001), and CA724 (18.00%) was also less sensitive than CST4 (P<0.05). The sensitivities of CA199 (26.00%), CEA (31.00%) and CA125 (25.00%) were similar to that of CST4 (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the CEA, CA125, CA724 and CST4 specificities (P>0.05), which were 91.00, 95.00, 94.00 and 83.00%, respectively. The specificities of AFP (99.00%), CA199 (98.00%) and CA153 (100.00%) were significantly higher than that of CST4 (P<0.01). By constructing a receiver operating characteristic curve and comparing the area under the curve as well as sensitivity, the findings of the present study demonstrated that combining CST4 with AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125, CA153 and CA724 can significantly enhance the diagnostic sensitivity for malignancies of the digestive system. However, the introduction of CST4 into the traditional diagnostic groups (CEA + AFP, CA199 + CA125 + CA153 + CA724 and AFP + CEA + CA199 + CA125 + CA153 + CA724) resulted in an increased sensitivity and loss of specificity, thereby not offering significant advantages in terms of comprehensive diagnostic efficiency compared with the traditional diagnostic groups. In conclusion, CST4 detection may be a promising diagnostic tool. Nonetheless, the potential false positive results in tumor diagnosis should be taken into consideration when developing new diagnostic groups involving CST4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangui Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Meiyi Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Lili Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
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Zhou Y, Tao L, Qiu J, Xu J, Yang X, Zhang Y, Tian X, Guan X, Cen X, Zhao Y. Tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:132. [PMID: 38763973 PMCID: PMC11102923 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor biomarkers, the substances which are produced by tumors or the body's responses to tumors during tumorigenesis and progression, have been demonstrated to possess critical and encouraging value in screening and early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, recurrence detection, and therapeutic efficacy monitoring of cancers. Over the past decades, continuous progress has been made in exploring and discovering novel, sensitive, specific, and accurate tumor biomarkers, which has significantly promoted personalized medicine and improved the outcomes of cancer patients, especially advances in molecular biology technologies developed for the detection of tumor biomarkers. Herein, we summarize the discovery and development of tumor biomarkers, including the history of tumor biomarkers, the conventional and innovative technologies used for biomarker discovery and detection, the classification of tumor biomarkers based on tissue origins, and the application of tumor biomarkers in clinical cancer management. In particular, we highlight the recent advancements in biomarker-based anticancer-targeted therapies which are emerging as breakthroughs and promising cancer therapeutic strategies. We also discuss limitations and challenges that need to be addressed and provide insights and perspectives to turn challenges into opportunities in this field. Collectively, the discovery and application of multiple tumor biomarkers emphasized in this review may provide guidance on improved precision medicine, broaden horizons in future research directions, and expedite the clinical classification of cancer patients according to their molecular biomarkers rather than organs of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lei Tao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiahao Qiu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Xinyu Tian
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinqi Guan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Cao H, Zhu L, Li L, Wang W, Niu X. Serum CA724 has no diagnostic value for gastrointestinal tumors. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:2433-2442. [PMID: 36920593 PMCID: PMC10543537 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the predictive values of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 199, CA125 and CA724 in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumors. METHODS Among patients treated for gastrointestinal tumors at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College between December 2020 and March 2022, 572 patients were reviewed as the tumor group, and 700 healthy subjects from the physical examination center of the same hospital were reviewed as the control group. We evaluated the correlation between serum CEA, CA199, CA125, CA724 levels and pathological features in 572 patients with gastrointestinal tumors.The levels of serum CEA, CA199, CA125 and CA724 were compared between the two groups, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of these markers alone and in combination. RESULTS Serum CEA level was correlated with tumor stage and metastasis, and CA199 was correlated with tumor stage, lymph node involvement and metastasis. CA125 and CA724 have no correlation with tumor pathological features. The levels of serum CEA, CA199 and CA125 were significantly increased in the tumor group compared with the control group, while serum CA724 levels did not significantly differ between groups (p > 0.05). In addition, in patients with gastric cancer (GC), esophageal cancer (EC), pancreatic cancer (PC), gallbladder cancer (GBC) or colorectal cancer (CRC), the serum CEA, CA199 and CA125 levels were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). However, serum CA724 levels were increased only in CRC patients (p < 0.05). ROC curve evaluation results showed that while CA199, CA125 and CA724 alone had poor diagnostic efficacy in the tumor group, CEA was better. Specifically, CEA had better diagnostic efficacy in GC, PC, GBC and CRC; additionally, CA199 and CA125 had better diagnostic efficacy in PC. However, CA724 showed no diagnostic value in the tumor group and the single gastrointestinal tumor group. For diagnosis with multiple-marker combinations, CEA + CA199 + CA125 had the best diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.776, AUC = 0.650, AUC = 0.896, AUC = 0.840, AUC = 0.793) in the GC, EC, PC, GBC and CRC groups, and the sensitivity of multiple-marker combined detection was better than that of single-marker detection. CONCLUSIONS Serum CA724 has no diagnostic value for gastrointestinal tumors, and it cannot evaluate the pathological status of tumors. Serum CEA has excellent diagnostic efficacy in GC, PC, GBC and CRC, and its expression level is related to tumor stage and metastasis. Additionally, CA199 and CA125 have good diagnostic efficacy in PC. Among them, CA199 level was related to tumor stage, lymph node involvement and metastasis, and CA125 level was not related to pathological status. In addition, the multiple-marker combination CEA + CA199 + CA125 has the best diagnostic efficacy in GC, EC, PC, GBC and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiru Cao
- Laboratory of Digestion, Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuming Zhu
- Laboratory of Digestion, Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan Road, Wuhu, 241000, AnhuiProvince, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan Road, Wuhu, 241000, AnhuiProvince, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan Road, Wuhu, 241000, AnhuiProvince, People's Republic of China.
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Hu S, Sun M, Li M, Xue X, Terkeltaub R, Wang C, Wang M, Lu J, Ran Z, Li H, Ji A, Sun W, Li X, He Y, Liu Z, Zhang H, Wang X, Ji X, Dalbeth N, Li C. Elevated serum CA72-4 predicts gout flares during urate lowering therapy initiation: a prospective cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:2435-2443. [PMID: 36409036 PMCID: PMC10321093 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gout flares during urate-lowering therapy (ULT) initiation are common, but predictors of these flares are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether serum CA72-4 is an independent predictor for gout flares during ULT initiation. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted between March 2021 and January 2022. Men with gout, at least one gout flare in the past year, and at least three serum CA72-4 measurements in the previous six months were enrolled. Participants were grouped according to their highest recorded serum CA72-4 levels (above or within the normal range). All participants took oral febuxostat 20 mg daily without flare prophylaxis therapy, and attended face-to-face visits every four weeks until 24 weeks. The incidence of gout flare was compared between the two groups. Backward stepwise logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors associated with flares. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate prediction efficacy. RESULTS A total of 193 completed the study (79 with high CA72-4; 114 with normal CA72-4). The cumulative incidence of at least one gout flare was 48.1% (62.1% in the high CA72-4 group, 38.4% in the normal CA72-4 group, P = 0.001), and recurrent (≥2) flares was 33.0% (47.1% in the high CA72-4 group, 23.2% in the normal CA72-4, P < 0.001). High CA72-4, disease duration, intra-articular tophus size, glucose, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and ESR were independent risk factors for gout flares. Serum CA72-4 alone predicted recurrent flares with an area under the curve of 0.63 (95% CI = 0.54, 0.71), and 0.78 (95% CI = 0.71, 0.85) when combined with other independent variables. CONCLUSION High serum CA72-4 predicts the risk of gout flares during ULT initiation. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR; https://www.chictr.org.cn/; ChiCTR2100043573.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Can Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Qingdao, China
| | - Zijing Ran
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Aichang Ji
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenyan Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinde Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuwei He
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ji
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Nicola Dalbeth
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Changgui Li
- Correspondence to: Changgui Li, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China. E-mail:
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Yanagihara F, Okura H, Ichikawa H, Shirakawa T, Pan Y, Tu B, Lin Z, Bonn R, Kurella S, Schodin B, Yoshimura T. Development of an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay for cancer antigen 72-4 and the evaluation of its analytical performance. Pract Lab Med 2023; 34:e00308. [PMID: 36713933 PMCID: PMC9879778 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2023.e00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cancer antigen (CA) 72-4 assay is widely used for monitoring gastric and ovarian cancers. The antigen is a mucin-like, tumor-associated glycoprotein known as TAG-72. It has been identified and characterized using two different monoclonal antibodies, CC49 and B72.3, which recognize its glycochain epitopes, Galβ(1-3) sialyl-Tn and sialyl-Tn antigens, respectively. This study describes the quantitative analytical performance of a newly developed CA 72-4 assay, ARCHITECT CA 72-4. Design and Methods: The ARCHITECT CA 72-4 assay was developed using the ARCHITECT i2000SRs and three ARCHITECT i1000SRs. The assay performance was evaluated based on guidance from CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) and correlation against Elecsys CA 72-4. Results In the total precision study, the minimum coefficient of variation (CV) for Control/Panel samples over 4 U/mL was 1.1%. The measuring interval was from 0.95 to 200 U/mL with good linearity; and limits of blank (LoB), detection (LoD), and quantitation (LoQ) were 0.09, 0.18, and 0.95 U/mL, respectively. High dose hook effect; differences among specimen tube types; and interference of common drugs, potential cross-reactants, and endogenous substances were not observed. Significantly, this assay has high biotin tolerance at 4875 mg/mL and correlates well with the Elecys CA 72-4 assay (correlation coefficient: 0.95). Conclusions ARCHITECT CA 72-4 is a highly sensitive and precise assay for CA 72-4 measurement in human sera and plasma.
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Key Words
- ARCHITECT
- CA 72–4
- CA 72–4, cancer antigen 72–4
- CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen
- CI, confidence interval
- CLIA, chemiluminescence immunoassay
- CLSI, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute
- CV, coefficient of variation
- Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay
- ECLIA, electrochemiluminescence immunoassay
- ESD, extreme studentized deviate
- Gastric cancer marker
- IVD, in vitro diagnostic
- LoB, limit of blank
- LoD, limit of detection
- LoQ, limit of quantitation
- Ovarian cancer marker
- TAG-72, tumor-associated glycoprotein 72
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hideaki Okura
- Research and Development, Core Diagnostics, Abbott Japan, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ichikawa
- Research and Development, Core Diagnostics, Abbott Japan, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takuma Shirakawa
- Research and Development, Core Diagnostics, Abbott Japan, Chiba, Japan
| | - You Pan
- Research and Development, Core Diagnostics, Abbott Laboratories, Lake County, IL, USA
| | - Bailin Tu
- Research and Development, Core Diagnostics, Abbott Laboratories, Lake County, IL, USA
| | - Zhihong Lin
- Research and Development, Core Diagnostics, Abbott Laboratories, Lake County, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Bonn
- Research and Development, Core Diagnostics, Abbott Laboratories, Lake County, IL, USA
| | - Sridevi Kurella
- Research and Development, Core Diagnostics, Abbott Laboratories, Lake County, IL, USA
| | - Beth Schodin
- Research and Development, Core Diagnostics, Abbott Laboratories, Lake County, IL, USA
| | - Toru Yoshimura
- Research and Development, Core Diagnostics, Abbott Japan, Chiba, Japan,Corresponding author. Abbott Japan LLC, Core Diagnostics, 278, Matsuhidai, Matsudo-shi, Chiba, 270-2214, Japan.
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10
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Xu Y, Zhang P, Zhang K, Huang C. The application of CA72-4 in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of gastric cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188634. [PMID: 34656687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of conventional serum tumor marker, carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4), in assisting diagnosis, monitoring dynamic progression, and evaluating the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) should not be ignored, especially in the Chinese population. Even though CA72-4 has been used in clinical practice for decades, its modest positivity rate, sensitivity, and specificity did not meet the high demand of the clinical application. However, over the years, some progress in the functions of CA72-4 has been achieved, suggesting that CA72-4 can still be considered a promising marker in oncology. As a biomarker, CA72-4 can achieve improved sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPE) when combined with other biomarkers, selecting suitable reference values, improving detection techniques, and identifying the risk threshold. As a predictor, elevated serum CA72-4 levels were found to be significantly associated with prognostic risk factors, further assessing therapeutic validity and resectability. Recently, an effective method to reduce the toxicity of CA72-4 targeted therapy has been developed. Moreover, CA72-4 could induce novel aptamers to react with tumor cells and enhance the efficacy of trastuzumab in HER2-positive GC. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the most recent application of CA72-4 in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Pengshan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Kundong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, PR China.
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11
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Bai M, Wang S, Liang G, Cai Y, Lu Y, Hou N, Ma R, Xu H, Zhang M. Nomogram to Predict Incomplete Cytoreduction for Pseudomyxoma Peritonei. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 29:885-892. [PMID: 34480280 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The completeness of cytoreduction is one of the most important prognostic factors for patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). To date, no nomograms have been established to predict incomplete cytoreduction (IC) for patients with PMP. The current study therefore proposed a nomogram to predict individual IC risk for PMP patients. METHODS Between 1 June 2013, and 22 November 2019, 144 consecutive PMP patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for the first time in our center were included in a retrospective study. Possible predictors of cytoreducibility were analyzed using logistic regression modeling to predict IC for PMP patients. A nomogram was developed based on the multivariate analysis and further investigated for internal validation. RESULTS After CRS, the 144 participants were divided into complete CRS (CCRS) (n = 46) and IC (n = 98) subgroups. Four independent predictors (sex, disease duration, anemia, and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 199)) were included in the prediction model. Then, a nomogram predicting IC was established based on the aforementioned variables, which demonstrated good predictive accuracy (C-index, 0.837; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.764-0.894). The predicted probability was close to the actual observed outcome according to the calibration plot. CONCLUSIONS The current work led to the development of a nomogram capable of predicting IC for PMP patients who demonstrated good performance. Risk stratification by the established nomogram had ability to optimize individual IC prediction and help physicians to establish meticulous preoperative plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Bai
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China
| | - Shilong Wang
- Department of Myxoma, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guowei Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Cai
- Department of Myxoma, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyan Lu
- Department of Pathology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nianzong Hou
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ruiqing Ma
- Department of Myxoma, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Xu
- Department of Myxoma, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China. .,Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics, Beijing, China.
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12
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Bai X, Sun M, He Y, Liu R, Cui L, Wang C, Wan F, Wang M, Li X, Li H, Wu X, Li C. Serum CA72-4 is specifically elevated in gout patients and predicts flares. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 59:2872-2880. [PMID: 32087013 PMCID: PMC7516098 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Serum CA72-4 levels are elevated in some gout patients but this has not been comprehensively described. The present study profiled serum CA72-4 expression in gout patients and verified the hypothesis that CA72-4 is a predictor of future flares in a prospective gout cohort. Methods To profile CA72-4 expression, a cross-sectional study was conducted in subjects with gouty arthritis, asymptomatic hyperuricaemia, four major arthritis types (OA, RA, SpA, septic arthritis) and healthy controls. A prospective gout cohort study was initiated to test the value of CA72-4 for predicting gout flares. During a 6-month follow-up, gout flares, CA72-4 levels and other gout-related clinical variables were observed at 1, 3 and 6 months. Results CA72-4 was highly expressed in patients with gouty arthritis [median (interquartile range) 4.55 (1.56, 32.64) U/ml] compared with hyperuricaemia patients [1.47 (0.87, 3.29) U/ml], healthy subjects [1.59 (0.99, 3.39) U/ml] and other arthritis patients [septic arthritis, 1.38 (0.99, 2.66) U/ml; RA, 1.58 (0.95, 3.37) U/ml; SpA, 1.56 (0.98, 2.85) U/ml; OA, 1.54 (0.94, 3.34) U/ml; P < 0.001, respectively]. Gout patients with frequent flares (twice or more in the last year) had higher CA72-4 levels than patients with fewer flares (fewer than twice in the last year). High CA72-4 level (>6.9 U/ml) was the strongest predictor of gout flares (hazard ratio = 3.889). Prophylactic colchicine was effective, especially for patients with high CA72-4 levels (P = 0.014). Conclusion CA72-4 levels were upregulated in gout patients who experienced frequent flares and CA72-4 was a useful biomarker to predict future flares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueshan Bai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
| | - Mingshu Sun
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
| | - Yuwei He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruhua Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
| | - Lingling Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Can Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fang Wan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
| | - Xinde Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinjiang Wu
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Changgui Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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13
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Li M, Xue F, Yang J, Pan X. Correlation between tumor marker CA72-4 and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23723. [PMID: 33350753 PMCID: PMC7769321 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the common gastrointestinal tumors, with high recurrence and metastasis rates. Tumor marker tumor marker carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) has been used in the screening and diagnosis of gastric cancer, but whether it can be used as an indicator to monitor the prognosis of gastric cancer remains a great controversy. The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the correlation between tumor marker CA72-4 and prognosis of gastric cancer patients. METHODS A systematic search was performed by retrieving on English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library) and Chinese databases (China Knowledge Network, Wanfang, Weipu (VIP Information Chinese Journal Service Platform), CBM) of clinical study on the correlation between tumor marker CA72-4 and prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to October 2020. Two researchers independently extracted and evaluated the quality of the data in the included study. A meta-analysis was performed using Stata12.0 and RevMan5.3 software. CONCLUSIONS This study will compare the correlation between tumor marker CA72-4 and prognosis of gastric cancer patients, so as to provide evidence-based basis for clinicians to select prognostic indicators of gastric cancer. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also does not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval was not required. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated at relevant conferences. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI: 10.17605 / OSF.IO / B3AMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxia Li
- The People's Hospital of Danyang city, Danyang, Jiangsu Province
| | - Fei Xue
- Dongchang Fu People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province
| | - Jie Yang
- Central Laboratory, Danyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Danyang, Jiangsu Province
| | - Xiaodong Pan
- Zhangye People's Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu Province, China
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14
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Lack of Efficacy of Combined Carbohydrate Antigen Markers for Lung Cancer Diagnosis. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:4716793. [PMID: 33488842 PMCID: PMC7787803 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4716793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung cancer (LC) is top-ranked in cancer incidence and is the leading cause of cancer death globally. Combining serum biomarkers can improve the accuracy of LC diagnosis. The identification of the best potential combination of traditional tumor markers is essential for LC diagnosis. Patients and Methods. Blood samples were collected from 132 LC cases and 118 benign lung disease (BLD) controls. The expression levels of ten serum tumor markers (CYFR21, CEA, NSE, SCC, CA15-3, CA 19-9, CA 125, CA50, CA242, and CA724) were assayed, and that the expression in the levels of tumor markers were evaluated, isolated, and combined in different patients. The performance of the biomarkers was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and the difference between combinations of biomarkers was compared by Chi-square (χ2) tests. Results As single markers, CYFR21 and CEA showed good diagnostic efficacy for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, while NSE and CEA were the most sensitive in the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.854 for the panel of four biomarkers (CYFR21, CEA, NSE, and SCC), 0.875 for the panel of six biomarkers (CYFR21, CEA, NSE, SCC, CA125, and CA15-3), and 0.884 for the panel of ten markers (CYFR21, CEA, NSE, SCC, CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CA50, CA242, and CA724). With a higher sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV), the diagnostic accuracy of the three panels was better than that of any single biomarker, but there were no statistically significant differences among them (all P values > 0.05). However, the panel of six carbohydrate antigen (CA) biomarkers (CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CA50, CA242, and CA724) showed a lower diagnostic value (AUC: 0.776, sensitivity: 59.8%, specificity: 73.0%, and NPV: 60.4%) than the three panels (P value < 0.05). The performance was similar even when analyzed individually by LC subtypes. Conclusion The biomarkers isolated are elevated for different types of lung cancer, and the panel of CYFR21, CEA, NSE, and SCC seems to be a promising serum biomarker for the diagnosis of lung cancer, while the combination with carbohydrate antigen markers does not improve the diagnostic efficacy.
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15
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Zhang M, Dou H, Yang D, Shan M, Li X, Hao C, Zhang Y, Zeng P, He Y, Liu Y, Fu J, Wang W, Hu M, Li H, Tian Q, Lei S, Zhang L. Retrospective analysis of glycan-related biomarkers based on clinical laboratory data in two medical centers during the past 6 years. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 162:141-163. [PMID: 30905446 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Most of clinically used cancer biomarkers are either specific glycan structures or glycoproteins. Although the high serum levels of the cancer biomarkers are also present in certain patients suffering noncancer diseases, systematic measurement and comparison of the serum levels of all cancer biomarkers among cancer and noncancer patients have not been reported. In this study, the serum levels of 17 glucose and glycan-related biomarkers including 10 cancer biomarkers SCCA, CA724, CA50, CA242, CA125, CA199, CA153, AFP, CEA, and PSA were retrospectively investigated based on clinical laboratory data in two medical centers during the past 6 years (2012-2018). The data included a total of 1,477,309 clinical lab test results of 17 biomarkers from healthy controls and patients suffering 64 different types of cancer and noncancer diseases. We found that the median serum levels of CA724, CEA, CA153, SCCA, and CA125 were highest not in cancer patients but in patients suffering gout, lung fibrosis, nephrotic syndrome, uremia, and cirrhosis, respectively. Consistently, the classical ovarian cancer biomarker CA125 had better overall sensitivity and specificity as biomarker for cirrhosis (67% and 92%, respectively) than that for ovarian cancer (41% and 97%, respectively). Furthermore, the information shown as heatmap or waterfall built on the -Log10p values of the 17 glycan-related biomarkers in different clinically defined diseases suggested that all glycan-related biomarkers had cancer-, aging-, and disease-relevant characteristics and cancers were systems disease. The detailed presentation of the data for each of the 17 biomarkers will be deliberated in chapters 6-23 in this book series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
| | - Huaiqian Dou
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ming Shan
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiulian Li
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Cui Hao
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Pengjiao Zeng
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanli He
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Minghui Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingwu Tian
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuhe Lei
- College of Mathematical Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex Diseases, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
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