Clinical utility of 0.025-inch guidewire VisiGlide2TM in the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-related procedures

Table 1 Patients’ background and disease background

		VisiGlide2TM	VisiGlideTM	P value
Sex		122 males	113 males	NS
		80 females	81 females
Age		72.871 ± 11.403 (36-98)	70.834 ± 11.824 (38-95)	NS
Disease	Bile duct stone	113	103	NS
	Cholangiocarcinoma	31	26	NS
	Chronic pancreatitis	14	18	NS
	Pancreatic cancer	18	16	NS
	Gallbladder cancer	3	6	NS
	Hepatolithiasis	1	5	NS
	Metastatic biliary obstruction	5	5	NS
	IPMN	3	4	NS
	Benign biliary stenosis	4	3	NS
	Acute cholecystitis	5	3	NS
	PSC	2	2	NS
	Postoperative bile leakage	1	1	NS
	Pancreaticobiliary maljunction	1	1	NS
	Duodenal papillary cancer	1	1	NS
Target region	Bile duct	190	180	NS
	Pancreatic duct	12	14	NS
Stenosed lesion	Present	90	77	NS
	Absent	112	117	NS
Procedure	Scheduled ERCP	157	155	NS
	Emergency	45	39	NS
Purpose	Diagnosis	10	14	NS
	Diagnosis + treatment	15	9	NS
	Treatment	177	171	NS
Papillary treatment	None	80	81	NS
	Post EST	110	101	NS
	Post EPST	12	12	NS

IPMN: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; EST: Endoscopic sphincterotomy; EPST: Endoscopic pancreatic sphincterotomy; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; NS: Not significant.

Table 2 Accomplishment rate of procedure and procedural time

	VisiGlide2TM	VisiGlideTM	P value
Success rate	97.5 (197/202)%	92.3 (180/195)%	0.034
Procedural time (min)	23.930 ± 16.207 (4-65)	31.285 ± 19.122 (4-117)	0.0001

Table 3 Papillary treatment

	VisiGlide2TM		VisiGlideTM
Papillary treatment	n	Success rate of procedure	n	Success rate of procedure	P-value
EST	67	100 (67/67)%	67	100 (67/67)%	NS
EST + EPLBD	3	100 (3/3)%	5	100 (5/5)%	NS
EPST	3	100 (3/3)%	3	100 (3/3)%	NS
EPBD	1	100 (1/1)%	4	100 (4/4)%	NS
Total	74	100 (74/74)%	79	100 (79/79)%	NS

EST: Endoscopic sphincterotomy; EPLBD: Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation; EPST: Endoscopic pancreatic sphincterotomy; EPBD: Endoscopic papillary balloon dilation; NS: Not significant.

Table 4 Procedure conducted after insertion into the bile duct and pancreatic duct

	VisiGlide2TM		VisiGlideTM
Procedure conducted	n	Success rate of procedure	n	Success rate of procedure	P value
ENBD	60	98.3 (59/60)%	51	100 (51/51)%	NS
ENPD	5	100 (5/5)%	3	100 (3/3)%	NS
ENGBD	5	80.0 (4/5)%	1	100 (1/1)%	NS
EGBS	2	100 (2/2)%	1	0 (0/1)%	NS
EBS	95	100 (95/95)%	78	100 (78/78)%	NS
EPS	30	100 (30/30)%	22	100 (22/22)%	NS
EML	2	100 (2/2)%	2	100 (2/2)%	NS
Placement of MS	12	100 (12/12)%	8	100 (8/8)%	NS
Lithotomy	88	100 (88/88)%	69	100 (69/69)%	NS
Bile duct biopsy	8	100 (8/8)%	9	100 (9/9)%	NS
Pancreatic duct biopsy	0	-	1	100 (1/1)%	NS
Peroral cholangioscopy	2	100 (2/2)%	1	100 (1/1)%	NS
IDUS	10	100 (10/10)%	6	100 (6/6)%	NS
Bile duct brushing cytology	12	100 (12/12)%	9	100 (9/9)%	NS
Pancreatic duct brushing cytology	2	100 (2/2)%	2	100 (2/2)%	NS
		Total 333 99.4 (331/333)		Total 263 99.6 (262/263)%	NS
Guidewire type straight angle	127		34		NS
	75		0		NS

ENBD: Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage; ENPD: Endoscopic nasopancreatic drainage; ENGBD: Endoscopic nasogallbladder drainage; EGBS: Endoscopic gallbladder stenting; EBS: Endoscopic biliary stenting; EPS: Endoscopic pancreatic stenting; EML: Endoscopic mechanical lithotripsy; MS: Metallic stent; IDUS: Intraductal ultrasonography; NS: Not significant.

Table 5 Results of incidence of accidental symptoms

	VisiGlide2TM	VisiGlideTM	P value
	n = 202	n = 194
Bleeding	2	4	NS
Pancreatitis	3	1	NS
Perforation	1	0	NS
Guidewire perforation	0	4	NS
Total (%)	6 (3.0%)	9 (4.6%)	NS

NS: Not significant.