Clinical impact of gastrointestinal endoscopy on the early detection of pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study

Table 1 Characteristics of the study population

	n = 522
Sex, male/female	474 (90.8%)/48
Age, median, yr	65 (37-92)
Location
Oropharynx	196 (37.5%)
Hypopharynx	326 (62.5%)
Symptomatic/Asymptomatic	395 (75.7%)/127
Indication for examination
Investigation of symptoms	371 (71.1%)
Incidental EGD	47 (9.0%)
f/u or diagnostic work-up of ESCC	66 (12.6%)
f/u or diagnostic work-up of HN	17 (3.3%)
Incidental dental check	7 (1.3%)
Other	14 (2.7%)
Detected by GE/non-GE	164 (31.4%)/358
cTis-1/2/3/4	97 (18.6%)/177/102/146
cN -/+	182 (34.9%)/340
cM -/+	504 (96.6%)/18
Concurrent or history of ESCC y/n	145 (27.8%)/377

Summary of continuous variables, indicated as median and interquartile ranges. Categorical variables are indicated as the number of subjects and percentages. EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; f/u: Follow-up; ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; HN: Head and neck cancer; GE: Gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Table 2 Comparison between Group gastrointestinal endoscopy and Group non- gastrointestinal endoscopy

	Group GE n = 164	Group non-GE n = 358	P value
Sex, male	153 (93.3%)	321 (89.7%)	0.197
Age, median, yr	68 (42–90)	67 (37–92)	0.278
Asymptomatic/Symptomatic	101 (61.6%)/63 (38.4%)	26 (7.3%)/332 (92.7%)	< 0.001
Indication for examination			< 0.001
Investigation of symptoms	46 (28.0%)	325 (90.8%)
Incidental EGD	47 (28.7%)	0
f/u or diagnostic work-up of ESCC	64 (39.0%)	2 (0.6%)
f/u or diagnostic work-up of HN	7 (4.3%)	10 (2.8%)
Incidental dental check	0	7 (2.0%)
Other	0	14 (3.9%)
Location oropharynx/hypopharynx	26 (15.9 %)/138 (84.1%)	170 (47.5%)/188 (52.5%)	< 0.001
History or concurrent of ESCC, y/n	84 (51.2%)/80	61 (17.0%)/297	< 0.001
cTis-1/cT2-4	54 (32.9%)/110	43 (12.0%)/315	< 0.001
cN -/+	114 (69.5%)/50	68 (19.0%)/290	< 0.001
cM -/+	161 (98.2%)/3	343 (95.8%)/15	0.205
Treatment
ELPS/ESD	35 (21.3%)	2 (0.6%)	< 0.001
Non-ELPS/ESD	129 (78.7%)	356 (99.4%)
Surgery	23 (14.0%)	79 (22.1%)
RT/CRT	84 (51.2%)	212 (59.2%)
Chemotherapy	5 (3.0%)	13 (3.6%)
BSC	9 (5.5%)	40 (11.2%)
Unknown	8 (4.9%)	12 (3.4%)

Continuous variables, indicated as the median and interquartile range. Categorical variables are indicated as the number of subjects and percentage. EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; f/u: Follow up; ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; HN: Head and neck cancer; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; ELPS: Endoscopic laryngo-pharyngeal surgery; GE: Gastrointestinal endoscopy; RT: Radiotherapy; CRT: Chemoradiotherapy; BSC: Best supportive care.