Editorial
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Jun 16, 2025; 17(6): 106604
Published online Jun 16, 2025. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v17.i6.106604
Sedation in endoscopy: Current practices and future innovations
Angelo Bruni, Giovanni Barbara, Alessandro Vitello, Giovanni Marasco, Marcello Maida
Angelo Bruni, Giovanni Barbara, Giovanni Marasco, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
Alessandro Vitello, Marcello Maida, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna ‘Kore’, Enna 94100, Sicilia, Italy
Author contributions: Bruni A designed the overall concept and outline of the manuscript; Barbara G, Vitello A, and Marasco G contributed to the design of the manuscript; Bruni A and Maida M contributed to the writing, editing the manuscript, and review of literature.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Marcello Maida, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna ‘Kore’, Piazza dell’Università 1, Enna 94100, Sicilia, Italy. marcello.maida@unikore.it
Received: March 10, 2025
Revised: April 17, 2025
Accepted: May 24, 2025
Published online: June 16, 2025
Processing time: 101 Days and 9.3 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: In light of the increasing complexity of endoscopic procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, interventional endoscopic ultrasound, and endoscopic submucosal dissection, stable and reversible sedation regimens, exemplified by etomidate-propofol or emerging agents like remimazolam, hold promise for balancing patient comfort, procedural efficacy, and minimal hemodynamic compromise. The study by Luo et al demonstrates that combining etomidate with propofol target-controlled infusion can reduce sedation-related hypotension, speed induction, and improve safety in routine bidirectional endoscopy.